Just bumping so it comes on my notifications and I can help out...Me too :)
And likewise.Haha so keen but nobody is asking any questions xD. I remember this time last year, myself, bluegirl, lucasvang, MM and some others were flooding the health threads with questions!!!
Look at us - so keen.
don't worry guys, enjoy this day or two because in the upcoming days and weeks you will be flooded with questions from us haha.Kinda of. I never really started my answers with definitions, but I had specific structures to a lot of my answers. My teacher also was obsessed with making specific structures to your answers so you don't lose any marks in the exam.
But to start off was wondering how structuring answers works in HHD. Is it similar to Busman where you begin most answers with definitions and elaborate on the key task words and relate it to the case study or is HHD different?
Thanks !
Kinda of. I never really started my answers with definitions, but I had specific structures to a lot of my answers. My teacher also was obsessed with making specific structures to your answers so you don't lose any marks in the exam.
We usually made this 'formulas' by first answering a question freestyle. Then, we would compare the answer to a structured answer either my teacher had or an answer in the VCAA assesors reports (although I would reccomend saving vcaa stuff until the end).
And then after comparing answers, we would see what was missing in our answers, and make a formula.
For example, to answer NHPA questions, I had this structure which would get me full marks in the exams:
W - What -> What is the NHPA called (1 pt)
W - Who -> Who is it run by (1 pt)
A - Aim -> What do they aim to do (1 pt)
H - How -> How do they do it (2 pts,)
Would be awesome if you could make a thread with all your response structures/formulas! Maybe when you're procrastinating or just feeling extremely bored? HahahaI have many so I think I'll just post them as we progress through the year. So when you guys are up to the MDGs I'll type up my structure/formulas for the progress/purpose qs (term 2), or when you guys are up to the 6/7 mark health, hd, sustainability (term 3) I'll type up my formula for that.
Thanks for the excellent NHPA example btw! :))
I have many so I think I'll just post them as we progress through the year. So when you guys are up to the MDGs I'll type up my structure/formulas for the progress/purpose qs (term 2), or when you guys are up to the 6/7 mark health, hd, sustainability (term 3) I'll type up my formula for that.
Think it would be better that way because you guys won't really need them now unless you've started practice exams already (unlikely) xD.
Just a quick question,
In regards to the questions in the textbook. Is it worth doing all the questions ( as they are quite a few), or are they not an accurate representation of exam like questions.
For example in the key concepts textbook there's the basic questions + apply your knowledge questions + extra ones which make for a heap of questions
How did you guys go about the textbook questions? worth it or nah?
Thanks
How did you guys go about the textbook questions? worth it or nah?
So in terms of definitions, I know that this subject is largely based on memorisation. However, does this necessarily mean that we have to memorise each and every relevant definition perfectly, or can it be a few words off?
How precise do we actually have to be when reciting them?
Hey i was just wondering if anyone here got a 50 in health and human, chemistry or history and how they achieved it. I'm in year 12 right now and i'm stressing out its only the second week i know but i feel like im missing something like everyone has this smart strategic study plan and im just here doing hw and making summaries..(sorry i rambled) but yeah if you can tell me how it would be really appreciated! :)
Hey i was just wondering if anyone here got a 50 in health and human, chemistry or history and how they achieved it. I'm in year 12 right now and i'm stressing out its only the second week i know but i feel like im missing something like everyone has this smart strategic study plan and im just here doing hw and making summaries..(sorry i rambled) but yeah if you can tell me how it would be really appreciated! :)
What ways can alcohol or drug misuse lead to relationship breakdown?
If a person becomes drunk/high they may abuse or be violent to the other, which can break down trust and love between them.
One may also think that the other cares more about alcohol/drugs than themselves.
Under what circumstances might people be socially isolated?- Unemployment -> Stress and the lack of money can mean less time to go out
Under what circumstances might people be socially isolated?being an indigenous person-suffer against discrimination, living in rural areas, low socio-economic status- those that don't work or don't go school.
Do we need to know the scientific names of some diseases as examples ?Best to know the scientific names for the exam, you might be able to answer "hardening of the arteries" on a SAC as your teacher might give you the mark. Just know that LDL is the "bad" cholesterol and HDL is "good". Most importantly it is your understand of the impact high cholesterol levels on overall health :)
Say, 'atherosclerosis' or can I just refer to it as 'hardening of the arteries'?
Also , do I need to understand all the processes that occur with biological stuff? An example I can think of is , cholesterol , do I need to know LDL and HDL and stuff like that? Or do I just need to understand the impact of high cholesterol levels on overall health ?
Thank you :) :) :)
Do we need to know the scientific names of some diseases as examples ?Hmm firstly I always thought atherosclerosis meant the condition where too much plaque (cholesterol) buids up in your blood vessels, often leading to impaired blood flow and hence cardiovascular diseases such as stroke. I don't think 'hardening of the arteries' would be sufficient enough for an answer.
Say, 'atherosclerosis' or can I just refer to it as 'hardening of the arteries'?
Also , do I need to understand all the processes that occur with biological stuff? An example I can think of is , cholesterol , do I need to know LDL and HDL and stuff like that? Or do I just need to understand the impact of high cholesterol levels on overall health ?
Thank you :) :) :)
Do we need to know the scientific names of some diseases as examples ?
Say, 'atherosclerosis' or can I just refer to it as 'hardening of the arteries'?
Also , do I need to understand all the processes that occur with biological stuff? An example I can think of is , cholesterol , do I need to know LDL and HDL and stuff like that? Or do I just need to understand the impact of high cholesterol levels on overall health ?
Thank you :) :) :)
Welcome to the Health Board :DI don't understand how to write about biological determinant and include thee key words
This thread can be used to ask any questions about the content of Health and Human Development that you may have.
I don't understand how to write about biological determinant and include thee key wordsBiological determinants of health relate to the structure of cells, tissues and systems of the body and how adequately they function. Such examples are body weight, birth weight, blood cholesterol levels <-- [just some examples off the top of my head]. All these factors contribute to the variations in health status of individuals and groups.
Just have a quick question,
We have our first sac next week which is part A ( all sections upto NHPA's)
In terms of the content, for example when learning about the determinants, do we need to know in depth about all the aspects , for example BMI, cholestrol specifics, measuring blood pressure etc? or do we just need to have a brief understanding?
In the study design it mentions about determinants of health, and i've looked at a few past exams and it was never detailed to the point of asking about BMI or such, but could sacs be different?
Can anyone shed some light on how they approached studying for aspects like this?
Thank you !
Also , similar to the post above me , I wanted to know the amount of detail required to answer questions, I haven't done 1 &2 and am a bit confused. When I answer with a key term is it expected to be defined , right after it , or having the word is enough?
Hey there, I'm having a confusion in regarding to the difference between disease, disorder and condition. It would be great if you guys can help me because articles online doesn't speak normal English. :PTo be honest, I think all of these can be used interchangeably. So, they can all mean the same thing. When you have a disease, disorder, or condition the body acts abnormally which impacts your health.
People who've already done HHD, did you guys use the checkpoints? Is it worth going through?
Thanks 😊
I didn't use Checkpoints a lot during the year; I only really discovered it fairly close to the exam period. I'm a big fan of it, though - I would definitely try to work your way through some of its questions!Understandable, thank youuu!
People who've already done HHD, did you guys use the checkpoints? Is it worth going through?
Thanks 😊
People who've already done HHD, did you guys use the checkpoints? Is it worth going through?
Thanks 😊
People who've already done HHD, did you guys use the checkpoints? Is it worth going through?Checkpoints was my baby <3
Thanks 😊
It depends on the sort of question! Can you give any specific examples you're unsure about?
If you're asked to define or describe something, you must include the whole definition.
Most of the rest of the time, you don't need to. If you're asked, say, to use a biological determinant to explain a difference in health status, you don't need to define 'biological determinant'.
Here's a sample answer to one sort of question, to show that it can be quite brief, with no explanation of key words, but still get 2 marks:
Explain how one behavioural determinant of health can increase risk of Type 2 Diabetes. (2 marks)
Diet: Consuming a diet high in saturated fats, kilojoules and low in fibre can lead to becoming overweight, which is a risk factor for Type 2 diabetes.
Thank youuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu :)
Also , more questions - what is the difference between a 'define...', 'explain' and 'describe...' question? According to the dictionary all are synonymous , but is there a specific way to answer the questions , according to these words?
And another question, in my textbook it says cholesterol is defined as 'a waxy , fat-like substance used by the body to build cell walls . It is neither produced in the liver or absorbed from animal fats eaten ' , according to my knowledge from Biology , isn't that supposed to be cell membranes , not cell walls? Cell walls are not in animals , and are composed of carbs, so is this like a health way of defining , or ?
And do you advise reading the textbook , like completely or is it a waste of time ?
Welcome to the Health Board :D
This thread can be used to ask any questions about the content of Health and Human Development that you may have.
Firstly what should you talk about when talking about a trend?
Secondly how would you explain the difference in health status using: biological, physical environment, social and behavioural (need an example for each)
How tobacco smoking can cause variations in Health Status?
How biological and behavioural determinants contribute to difference between males and females for cardiovascular disease?
How changes in health care have contributed to a change in Life Expectancy in Australia.Not so sure on this one:
Got a question myself, which I was never sure about last year and want to clarify in my notes. With the NHPAs cardiovascular health, mental health, injury prevention and control, and cancer control, if asked to describe the key features, can you just describe the major disease represented in each NHPA?
e.g. This was the description I always had:
Cardiovascular health: All diseases and conditions of the heart and blood vessels, caused by blocked/damaged blood supply to the brain, heart and legs (including coronary heart disease, stroke, heart failure, peripheral vascular disease).
Cancer control: Group of diseases in which some body cells become defective and... etc.
Must this explain what cardiovascular health / cancer control is to get full marks?
Just a quick question,
Is "Access to health care services" classified under the social or physical determinants of health?
It would make sense to be both and there's kind of a contradiction with different sources i'm using.
What do you guys think?
How does everyone here go about memorizing the determinant examples? (Social - SES, access to health care etc)
How does everyone here go about memorizing the determinant examples? (Social - SES, access to health care etc)
How can access to medical technology and health care extend life expectancy? Give real examples.
Some examples:
- medical imaging technology, such as MRIs, CAT scans, or bowel screening, can help diagnose cancer or other conditions early, so that treatment can begin earlier (before the cancer has got worse), decreasing risk of mortality from cancers etc.
- immunisation: being immunised against measles/mumps/rubella, hep A, B and C, tetanus, polio etc. means that people won't catch these diseases, decreasing mortality rates.
- surgery (e.g. heart bypass surgery) and chemotherapy decreases mortality from conditions like cardiovascular disease and cancers.
- medications such as antibiotics, blood pressure lowering medications etc. reduce mortality from CVD, infections etc.
Obviously, if people don't die of these diseases, they will live longer which extends life expectancy :) .
For cancer control as an NHPA; is it necessary to know a health promotion program for each priority cancer?No, you only need to know a program for one priority cancer in detail. The others, it would be good know know a program, but I never needed to use these. My one memorised one was all I needed.
Is Stop it don't stop it still a valid health promotion program or has it concluded?
My school uses the jacaranda textbook for HHD, and I find Health quite enjoyable while studying from it. However, we have also been provided a Cambridge textbook, and from reading the nutrition section...I am really confused why it includes so much about chemistry whilst the Jacaranda book does not.
Anyone have any idea whether the information is necessary, and if it assessable on the exam (skimmed the study design but no idea)?
Also, could anyone help me out with trends, how to identify them..how to word the answer (like integrating statistics from the graph itself)??
Can we use shape up Australia as a health promotion program for Cancer control as obesity is a risk factor for colorectal cancer?
Cambridge goes way overboard in nutrition, you don't need it very in-depth. For each nutrient, you need 1-2 'functions' as a determinant of health, e.g. monounsaturated fat lowers levels of LDL cholesterol in the blood; sodium regulates blood pressure and volume; vit D aids absorption and use of calcium in growth and maintenance of bones, reducing risk of osteoporosis. You don't have to understand how or why.
To discover trends, look for overall movements - do the numbers go up or down over the time? Do different categories (e.g. males/females, rural/metropolitan, younger/older) have different levels of something overall?
The structure I used:
Structure: [What disease and group you're looking at] [trend/change/difference/increase/decrease] [from... data (year)] [to... data (year)]
Death rates from coronary heart disease for males over 70 have decreased from about 3000 per 100,000 (1979) to 1000 per 100,000 (2010).
and see Re: Trends . . .
What is a good formula for answering questions relating to health promotion programs?
Kinda of. I never really started my answers with definitions, but I had specific structures to a lot of my answers. My teacher also was obsessed with making specific structures to your answers so you don't lose any marks in the exam.
We usually made this 'formulas' by first answering a question freestyle. Then, we would compare the answer to a structured answer either my teacher had or an answer in the VCAA assesors reports (although I would reccomend saving vcaa stuff until the end).
And then after comparing answers, we would see what was missing in our answers, and make a formula.
For example, to answer NHPA questions, I had this structure which would get me full marks in the exams:
W - What -> What is the NHPA called (1 pt)
W - Who -> Who is it run by (1 pt)
A - Aim -> What do they aim to do (1 pt)
H - How -> How do they do it (2 pts,)
For the arthritis and musculoskeletal conditions, do I have to know a bit about each type of arthritis? Or can I get away with revising about one specific one?
I need help with this question for NHPAS
A determinant of health that explains the difference in the number of people affected by asthma in the high and low SES groups
Although I am also doing 3/4 health, in order to approach this question I'd note SES as a key word. This can be split into education, income and occupation.thank you!
So education can be stated as a social determinant. So you might say "Education regarding the prevention and treatment of asthma differ among high and low SES groups. High socioeconomic groups are more likely to have access to resources (such as online resources) which further increases their level of education associated to the prevention and treatment of asthma, compared to low socioeconomic groups. This results in a lower number of people experiencing asthma in high SES groups compared to low SES groups"
It doesn't sound right, but I think that's the track probably??? :) :/ :P
thank you!
Can anyone explain the 3 strategies for health promotion of the ottawa charter?? I don't understand the textbook :( (enable, advocate and mediate) TIA :D
Hope this helps! :)
Could anyone please tell me the Medicare safety net thing, on their website they use the word "threshold"... Im guessing because it changes each year.Yes, it changes; just know that once people spend a certain amount (meet the threshold) in a year, further subsidies are introduced so it's even cheaper for them. You don't have to know the $ amounts, just that if you use healthcare enough that it's getting pretty costly even with Medicare/PBS subsidies, they make it cheaper for you.
Also, for my upcoming sac...what sort of questions should I expect with regards to Medicare and PBS? and what sort of response should I give?Some examples:
For example: if I was asked what is Medicare?This was my summary I learnt: Australia's universal tax-funded healthcare system that aims to provide adequate healthcare at little or no cost to all Australian in need of treatment, regardless of age or income. They're a bit different, but yours was fine though (I would just say 'Australians' and not bother with exactly who it covers, though).
Would it be enough to state: "Medicare is Australia's universal health insurance scheme. Medicare gives all Australians, permanent residents and people from countries with a reciprocal agreement, access to health care that is subsidised by the government"
Should I be stating how it is funded etc?
List two of the Australian Dietary Guidelines and justify why each one has been included.
I can list the guidelines, but I don't exactly know how to "justify" why they were included.
Any help would be appreciated 😀
Do we need to know by heart the five food groups and their main nutrients when answering questions about the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating?Yes, you'll need to know the categories, but you may not need to mention all the categories every time you get asked about the AGHE.
I have a sac coming up, and I was wondering which definition I would use for "biomedical model of health", because the one in my textbook is different to the one in the study design for 2014 - 2017.
Hey guys, i have a couple of questionsNo, you can't. Be specific or you risk losing the mark.
1. Do we have to be specific when stating the 5 food groups from the Australian guide to healthy eating
eg: For the milk yoghurt cheese ... category can we say Dairy Products or the Lean Meats, fish, poultry, eggs.... can i just say Meats and alternatives
2. The healthy living period was updated this year and is therefore different to whats in the textbook (Cambridge) so i'm not sure which one to learn.The new one would be better, but either would be fine. But anyway, you're not drawing the thing; essentially, they're the same, and your description wouldn't be very different. And thanks for alerting me, I didn't know :).
3. Also, i don't really understand this dot point from the study design :You'll normally just be asked 'list 2 responsibilities of [level of government] relating to health or health funding', or '2 responsibilities of [level of government] in relation to [a specific condition]'; you've just got to learn maybe 3-4 roles of each level of govt, it doesn't matter whether it's management or funding of healthcare. It's quite simple :).
Australia’s health system including:
– local, state and federal governments’ responsibilities for health and health funding
Hey guys, just wondering, how much do we need to know about nutrition surveys, like do we need to know about any specific surveys?VCAA?
and, does anybody know what the 5 food groups are called according to VCAA?
Hi guys,
Was wondering if you could help me with a question:
"What has been the effects of excessive land use and erosion in Burundi on health of individuals and communities? Address the three dimensions of health (physical, social and mental) in your answer."
HHD is about drawing all those [*tenuous*] links/arrows. As long as you try to stay vaguely in the bounds of reason, once you know how to make up links appropriately, you will kill the subject :D.
Hey Guys,
So, we just started Unit 4 this week (is this late?) and i feel like we're doing pointless stuff. We spent a whole double 'looking up' the health status (like life expectancy and U5MR etc) of a developing country, and i don't see the point in this as on an exam they'll give us a case study of some sort.
Basically, I'm confused as to what we're learning about and what we should be studying/focusing on.
I don't know if I'm making sense, but any input on Unit 4 will be helpful!!!
Definitely, for SACs/exam that's totally pointless (though it can be interesting).
Read the key knowledge in the study design - in fact structure all your notes round these key knowledge dot points. For this SAC (i.e. Unit 4 AOS 1, minus MDGs), learn:
> characteristics of developed/developing countries (just a brief list of maybe 5 characteristics of each, e.g. low child mortality rates, healthy economy and high GDP, established healthcare and education systems).
> mortality strata: what they are, and what level of adult/child mortality applies to each stratum A-E
> how to analyse (not learn) data and compare the HS of different countries
> sustainability: definition, plus the 3 elements of sustainability and how to pick them out in case studies
> human development and HDI definition
> the influence of 7 factors (income, gender equality, peace/political stability, education, healthcare, global marketing and physical environments) on health status, health, human development etc. <---- a big dot point with quite a bit in it.
Let me know if this doesn't make sense!
So if we're given a table comparing the health status of a developing country in comparison to a developed country. Do we literally just say something like ' The life expectancy of India is much lower than Australia with only 50years in comparison to Australia's of 80 years ' or do we have to give reasons as to why this is? ( It reminds me of comparing the different groups in unit 3, so i thought it would be more in depth here )
Thanks so much for your help. I hope you understand what i mean :D
Yes, that's all you say! With HHD (and all subjects actually) stick exactly to what the question says; nothing annoys an assessor more than someone going off on a random tangent that isn't very relevant. The biggest tip I can give people is - just read the question and answer it!
That's one of the idiocies of the study design. The two are literally exactly the same, I don't know why it repeats. And I don't know why they're in 'key knowledge', they're not even 'knowledge', they're actually 'skills' since you don't have to learn anything, you just have to learn the skill of comparing data!
Hey guys, Can anyone tell me the strengths and limitations of the HDI. Thanks :DStrengths:
I'm also not fully understanding the elements of sustainability :'(Learn the definition of sustainability: Meeting the needs of others without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
So the dot point says: Definitions of sustainability (including elements of appropriateness, affordability, equity)
The cambridge textbook doesn't have actual definitions for the social, economic and environment elements, or the appropriateness, affordability and equity elements, just explains it. . .
Any help will be appreciated :-)
in general it's just about applying the three elements to a program.Thank you so much.
Would you by any chance have a sample response on a question like this?
How do the HDI indicators contribute to human development?That's like life expectancy, GDP and mean/expected schooling, right? I don't know about life expectancy, but GDP and schooling - think about how you link INCOME and EDUCATION to HD, and you've got your answer.
Also, for the characteristics of Developed vs Developing countries, my textbook doesn't mention mortality rates (U5MR, adult, child, infant), life expectancy, gross domestic products, but instead mentions other environmental and social characteristics such as access to food and gender equality. Is it safe to assume for the upcoming SAC that I need to know about mortality rates, LE and GDP as characteristics?Yes, you should - just have to know, developed countries have lower mortality rates (all types) than developing countries, developed countries have high LE, developed countries have high GDP, etc. Nothing specific, no specific numbers either, it should take you about 5 min max to learn.
this is quite an URGENT question as I have a SAC tomorrow and realised i'm unsure about thisDo you mind if I pull your whole answer apart? It's not bad, just I want to straighten out a few different things!
if the question were to ask:
Describe the impact of peace/political stability on health in developing countries and Australia,
would this be a suitable response?
When there is peace, resources can be used to promote health and human development. In the event of conflict, the risk of physical injury is increased, local infrastructure (eg. hospitals, schools, housing, electricity & water supplies) is destroyed, people are displaced and resources are directed to war efforts rather than health promotion. Conflict also increases women's and children's vulnerability to violence and rape. The above factors all result in increased morbidity and mortality rates and decreased life expectancy which reduces overall health.
I'm unsure of the link to health there -- I was thinking of health status but now I'm not sure if health status and health are the same thing in 3/4?
Please help :s
Do you mind if I pull your whole answer apart? It's not bad, just I want to straighten out a few different things!
Yes, health and health status are different. Instead, link to physical, mental and social health.
You didn't mention 'developing countries' vs. 'Australia'. You should say something like 'Australia has peace and thus... [good health], whereas developing countries may face conflict arising from political instability, and thus... [bad health]'.
Finally, you could be a bit more specific and explain more how specific results of conflict lead to specific changes in health. e.g. you could say, as part of your answer: conflict can destroy local infrastructure (e.g. hospitals, schools, water supplies), leading to decreased access to healthcare. This could lead to people not being treated for conditions such as ___ and ___ [be specific], thus increasing mortality from these diseases and decreasing life expectancy. Destroyed pumps and wells could also lead to consumption of contaminated water, increasing burden of disease from waterborne diseases such as cholera, diarrhoea and hookworm. (whoops just linked to HS, but you can do the same for health). It ends up long-winded, I know, but you can't ever cover all the impacts of conflict, and if you pick on one or two and explain them in detail, your links will be much stronger than just a general 'see all this stuff reduces health status'. You get me? Very vague isn't very 'convincing'.
Thank you!No, there wouldn't be much breadth to your answer. It's about a balance of breadth - covering more ground - and depth - explaining a few things in specific detail. I personally prefer depth, anyway, because if you explain one thing thoroughly enough to get marks, you'll probably get more marks than listing three things, none of which deserve a mark because you didn't actually explain how the links worked. Practise being as specific as possible, it doesn't hurt to end up writing 6 marks' worth for 3 marks to keep yourself happy (as long as it's always directly relevant to the question and isn't just listing for the sake of it and you have enough time, I always did).
I was never really sure if being vague or listing everything is better, because like you said it becomes very long-winded... I thought if I just focused on a couple of things there wouldn't be much depth to my answer? (not that there was to begin with)
so an improved answer could be:As I said above, you need the link to Australia [peace --> good health] vs. developing countries [conflict --> poor health].
When there is peace, resources can be used to promote health and human development. In the event of conflict, the risk of physical injury is increased and local infrastructure (eg. hospitals, schools, housing, electricity & water supplies) is destroyed, leading to reduced access to health care. This means that individuals are unable to be treated for conditions that were previously treatable such as injuries and infections, increasing morbidity and mortality due to these conditions and decreasing life expectancy. (or physical health?). Conflict also results in people being displaced, meaning that they may be unable to access essentials such as food, which can increase mortality due to malnutrition/starvation and decrease life expectancy, therefore decreasing overall health.
I don't think it's perfect yet, I feel like I'm missing something
Discuss how water borne diseases are both a cause of poverty and an outcome of poverty?Cause of poverty: water-borne diseases ==> sick so can't go to work, plus medical fees ==> loss of income ==> poverty.
No, there wouldn't be much breadth to your answer. It's about a balance of breadth - covering more ground - and depth - explaining a few things in specific detail. I personally prefer depth, anyway, because if you explain one thing thoroughly enough to get marks, you'll probably get more marks than listing three things, none of which deserve a mark because you didn't actually explain how the links worked. Practise being as specific as possible, it doesn't hurt to end up writing 6 marks' worth for 3 marks to keep yourself happy (as long as it's always directly relevant to the question and isn't just listing for the sake of it and you have enough time, I always did).
As I said above, you need the link to Australia [peace --> good health] vs. developing countries [conflict --> poor health].
That's a much better answer, though, because it specifically explains all the steps in how conflict impacts health status.
If the question asked, as it does, for health rather than health status (whoops my bad last night for giving an HS example), you'd have to say stuff like:
> conflict ---> injury and water-borne disease ---> poor physical health
> conflict ---> death and tearing apart of families ---> poor mental health
> conflict ---> illness, injury or imprisonment ---> can't interact/participate as much ---> poor social health
If it asks for health, the answer you gave would NOT score full marks imo. Life expectancy is totally irrelevant, you need to link to PMS.
Also, your first sentence probably isn't the best, being quite vague and generalised. Your aim is to start the examiner off with a good impression, rather than starting them off thinking that you can't answer the question properly. Sure, you'd still probably get full marks for this answer (it's good), but cut anything vague/too listy or at least put it further into your answer, rather than at the start.
thanks for your help, sorry couldn't respond while AN was down!Y'welcome :D
so the take home message is:
discuss a few specific examples rather than a broad approach? or for 3 marks, 3 examples?
Y'welcome :D
Definitely, a few specific examples = better than broad.
I look at answering questions about the impact on health, health status, human development, SHD, global health, etc., as 'cycles'. You have a specific structure/format for answering the question, which I like to call 'one cycle'. e.g.
By [doing something specific], X may reduce the [1-2 health status indicators] from [1-3 specific diseases].
Based on the number of marks, you repeat the cycle by changing the green chunk (which could then change the blue/red chunks in turn).
In a 2-mark HS question, for instance, if you answered appropriately they'd give you the 2 marks for either of these answer methods:
1. 2 brief cycles.
2. 1 cycle, 2x the depth.
Or if you were like me, you could explain 2 cycles in 2x the depth...
But, if you had a 3 mark question 'explain the impact of conflict on human development' they WOULD NOT expect you to do '3 cycles' (3 examples) for 3 marks; in fact if you explained one cycle in enough depth, you'd probably get 3 marks. For a 3-mark question like that, I'd probably try and get that balance of breadth and depth by going through 2 cycles in decent depth. But note, my cycles/examples are very specific rather than broad.
Wow, I'm such a formula person -.- hope that made vague sense
No, there wouldn't be much breadth to your answer. It's about a balance of breadth - covering more ground - and depth - explaining a few things in specific detail. I personally prefer depth, anyway, because if you explain one thing thoroughly enough to get marks, you'll probably get more marks than listing three things, none of which deserve a mark because you didn't actually explain how the links worked. Practise being as specific as possible, it doesn't hurt to end up writing 6 marks' worth for 3 marks to keep yourself happy (as long as it's always directly relevant to the question and isn't just listing for the sake of it and you have enough time, I always did).
As I said above, you need the link to Australia [peace --> good health] vs. developing countries [conflict --> poor health].
That's a much better answer, though, because it specifically explains all the steps in how conflict impacts health status.
If the question asked, as it does, for health rather than health status (whoops my bad last night for giving an HS example), you'd have to say stuff like:
> conflict ---> injury and water-borne disease ---> poor physical health
> conflict ---> death and tearing apart of families ---> poor mental health
> conflict ---> illness, injury or imprisonment ---> can't interact/participate as much ---> poor social health
If it asks for health, the answer you gave would NOT score full marks imo. Life expectancy is totally irrelevant, you need to link to PMS.
Also, your first sentence probably isn't the best, being quite vague and generalised. Your aim is to start the examiner off with a good impression, rather than starting them off thinking that you can't answer the question properly. Sure, you'd still probably get full marks for this answer (it's good), but cut anything vague/too listy or at least put it further into your answer, rather than at the start.
how's this answer ?Perfect :D
Australia has peace and thus promotes good health, whereas developing countries may face conflict arising from political instability, and thus negatively impacting on health status. Conflict increases the risk of physical injury and destroys local infrastructure, which limits people’s access to healthcare and food supplies. As a result, malnutrition is increased and preventable conditions such as injuries and infections are left untreated, which can increase morbidity and mortality rates, decreasing life expectancy and thus impacting on health status.
If asked to 'Describe child mortality and morbidity as a key health indicator of HDI and explain how these indicators vary between a developed and developing country', would a suitable approach be to define the two terms and then discuss?Pretty bad question, you wouldn't get something so poorly worded on a VCAA exam. It could just be a mistake, where HDI was meant to say 'health status' (even then not a great question).
I'm stuck on this question because the indicators of the HDI don't include U5MR and morbidity...
Or is the question just asking me to relate these terms to an indicator such as life expectancy at birth?
Thanks
Another question
How can gender equality affect health status of those in developing countries -
Gender equality refers to men and women experiencing equal rights and opportunities. Australia experiences gender equality and thus promotes good health. Whereas on the other hand, women in developing countries generally experiences gender inequality. Women generally have to abide by their father's or husband's decisions. Violence may result if the women challenges the male's authority. In addition, it is socially acceptable for males in developing countries to have several sexual partners and not use protection with any of them. Consequently, women are at an increased risk of contracting sexually transmitted infection therefore decreasing life expectancy.
Bit pickier with this one! Firstly, it said 'in developing countries', so you don't have to refer to Australia; nor do you have to define gender equality, because you'll give examples of it later. Yeah, HHD's about waffle, but getting straight to the point is important. I'd dive straight in with:Thanks for your feedback
'Women in developing countries often experience gender inequality, such as... [domestic violence, having less access to education, etc.] '
Also, from 'in addition' onwards, it's not directly related to gender equality, because if males have several sexual partners, they'll get STIs just as much as the females, so it's not exactly gender inequality - a bit shaky.
Other things you could say instead (and yes, using multiple examples is generally good, unless it's a 2-mark question):
> women have less access to education --> less employable (or work more labour-intensive jobs) --> lower income --> can't afford healthcare, food etc.
> less access to medical treatment and are given food last --> malnutrition, increased mortality from common diseases
> young marriage and childbirth --> increases risk of death/injury in childbirth (a girl's undeveloped body has increased risk of obstetric fistula and obstructed births)
Bit pickier with this one! Firstly, it said 'in developing countries', so you don't have to refer to Australia; nor do you have to define gender equality, because you'll give examples of it later. Yeah, HHD's about waffle, but getting straight to the point is important. I'd dive straight in with:Improved answer :
'Women in developing countries often experience gender inequality, such as... [domestic violence, having less access to education, etc.] '
Also, from 'in addition' onwards, it's not directly related to gender equality, because if males have several sexual partners, they'll get STIs just as much as the females, so it's not exactly gender inequality - a bit shaky.
Other things you could say instead (and yes, using multiple examples is generally good, unless it's a 2-mark question):
> women have less access to education --> less employable (or work more labour-intensive jobs) --> lower income --> can't afford healthcare, food etc.
> less access to medical treatment and are given food last --> malnutrition, increased mortality from common diseases
> young marriage and childbirth --> increases risk of death/injury in childbirth (a girl's undeveloped body has increased risk of obstetric fistula and obstructed births)
Thanks for your feedbackYeah, I'd break your key-word-defining habit as it doesn't answer the question (unless that's what question asks you to do, of course). Do you want the first sentence the examiners read to always be a 0-mark sentence? If you ONLY write stuff that earns marks, it'll really stand out so they can't help giving you the marks. Also, it wastes your time so you don't have as long to spend on stuff that does get marks.
Similar question for income - how can income affect those in developing countries
Income refers to the amount of money an individual earns or receive as welfare payments (I like defining key words, i know you dont have to define some key words) Many people in developing countries have low incomes. Fast foods are cheaper to purchase than some nutrient dense food. People in developing countries are therefore more likely to eat fast food since it's more affordable. This would contribute to increased rates of obesity which is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Consequently, impacting on health status by decreasing life expectancy of those in developing countries.
Improved answer :Great :D
Women in developing countries generally experience gender inequality, such as domestic violence and having less access to education compared to males. Less access to education results in less employment rates or women may work in more labour-intensive jobs resulting in lower income. As a result of lower income, women may not be able to afford nutritious food and in addition, may not be able to have access to healthcare. This would increase to malnutrition and preventable conditions such as infections are left untreated as women may not have access to healthcare. Therefore mortality and morbidity rates are increased, leading to decrease in life expectancy and negatively impacting on health status.
Perfect :D
Pretty bad question, you wouldn't get something so poorly worded on a VCAA exam. It could just be a mistake, where HDI was meant to say 'health status' (even then not a great question).
Yeah, you're pretty right. I'd link U5MR to LE (if you have high U5MR, that obviously has a really big impact on LE - but morbidity doesn't link at all!) and link that to the HDI, then define U5MR and morbidity, and then explain how they vary between developed and developing countries. Bad question though, where did you get it from?
When study design says:Interpreting data. Well, you have to know that Aus has lower morbidity/mortality/BOD rates, and higher LE and HDI, but that's ultra obvious. Plus you should know stuff like how having a higher HDI leads to higher human development, and that developing countries have higher mortality from communicable diseases while Aus has more NCDs.
--similarities and differences in health status and human development between developing countries and Australia in relation to morbidity, mortality, life expectancy, burden of disease and human development index
does this simply relate to interpreting data or is there content that needs to be known ?
Thanks :)
I am not exactly sure what to do when questions ask for a comparison between Australia and a developing country in relation to the 7 factors.Ugh. Global marketing.
Eg:
- How does global marketing affect the health status of Australia and developing countries?
and
- How does peace/political stability affect the health status of Australia and developing countries?
( i find these two the hardest to grasp - with global marketing in the developing world, i find it hard to understand that they can't afford basic nutritional needs and clean water, but they market tobacco and fast food in some countries? )
Hope i made sense :D
Also, up until know, when a question asks about health we relate it to the Physical, Mental and Social. Is this the same in unit 4 if a question asks about health??Yes - unless it says either 'health status' or 'global health'.
So with political stability, is it basically without a stable government it leads to conflict/war ( lack of peace ) and the effects on health status are the same as lack of peace??Yes, political instability leads to conflict and political stability leads to peace.
Does the make sense?
Regarding MDGs, how much would you write for a 'describe the purpose of this goal?' question.Yes, that'd be perfect :)
E.g. for MDG 2: Achieve universal primary education, would this answer suffice?
'To achieve universal primary education is to provide all boys and girls in developing countries with access to primary schooling to improve literacy and numeracy skills.'
Hey guys, my sac is tomorrow, and i'm not 100% sure on what to say in relation to income as a factor on health status in developing countries. Is it more so the income of the country, or the income of the individuals, or both?Either or both, totally up to you. Justify and explain thoroughly, and whichever it is, you'll get full marks.
one last question!!Remember safe water/sanitation, they're the biggest imo.
How can the physical environment, in particular housing and climate contribute to the poor health status in developing countries??
Mmm interesting! Hope they don't put 17 SDG's into the study design for next years students, that'd be draining to learn!
The HHD study design seems to need updating so often!
(i assume you are studying :D )Bad assumption, I prefer to sleep ;D
Also, what role does my cohort play in affecting my study score. What makes a weak cohort?A weak cohort is one that'll score pretty badly on the exam. If you're very highly ranked in your cohort, it won't matter that much; but if you're middle of the cohort in a weak cohort, your SAC marks will scale down (because they're linked to exam marks), though your exam mark will be the mark you get in the exam.
Just a post of appreciation for bangali_lok's excellent work throughout this thread. Huge respect.Aww, thanks. HHD is such a break from all the other stuff I'm doing :)
Bad assumption, I prefer to sleep ;D
Nah, I'm doing an aged care course (TAFE) - theoretically a gap year, got a physio offer but we'll see what I do.
A weak cohort is one that'll score pretty badly on the exam. If you're very highly ranked in your cohort, it won't matter that much; but if you're middle of the cohort in a weak cohort, your SAC marks will scale down (because they're linked to exam marks), though your exam mark will be the mark you get in the exam.
For the MDGs my teacher said that we need to be able assess progress towards the goals, but she didn't say anything else. Does this relate to interpreting data, which shows the progression towards achieving the goal?Yeah, it's just interpreting data (don't need to learn anything).
Thank you :)
Just a post of appreciation for bangali_lok's excellent work throughout this thread. Huge respect.
For the reasons why each MDG is important, should we relate it to health status or human development or just use common sense?Health status, human development and/or common sense is fine :) That answer is great, but if it were a 2+ mark question I'd probably add another sentence, e.g. impact on human development or deeper explanation of this, just to be safe.
Would this be okay for goal 1: 'By eradicating extreme poverty and hunger, people will have improved access to healthcare, food and safe water as they can afford it, hence improving mortality and morbidity rates' ?
explain the role of education in promoting health and human development and in ensuring sustainabilityThat looks perfectly fine, well done :D Long-winded isn't necessarily bad, as long as you're constantly answering the question directly and not waffling irrelevantly. Minor comments:
for the human development link, can we just throw in random phrases from the definition?
I started answering this question but it was long-winded and didn't make much sense but these were the key points:
- education --> literate --> stable job and income --> contribute to economy etc (economic sustainability) --> full potential, access to a decent standard of living, don't need to exploit natural environment (environmental sustainability) --> can afford health-promoting resources eg. nutritious food, health care (social sustainability) --> not sick so capabilities are enhanced
as you can see it's a bit messy. This is the first question of this type that I have attempted so I'm unsure of what to do tbh.
this ^^^^^^^^^Enough flattery guys. :P
That looks perfectly fine, well done :D Long-winded isn't necessarily bad, as long as you're constantly answering the question directly and not waffling irrelevantly. Minor comments:
- remember to link to health (PMS) since the question asks for that
- 'not sick so capabilities enhanced' - explain how (though as you've already answered the question adequately, that's no problem; just a reminder to explain your links thoroughly)
thank you!Ah okay, I was assuming that was just a dot-point skeleton answer, which you'd flesh out and write properly in a real situation (when you do prac questions, don't bother writing out full answers as it wastes time). In the exam, only do this when you run out of time - but I guarantee this would be better than nothing. Solution, just don't run out of time :P
obviously by regular standards (well, my teacher's anyway) what I showed you isn't a good answer because I didn't use full sentences etc, but if I ran out of time on the exam would I be able to get away with this and still get the marks for the question?
Ah okay, I was assuming that was just a dot-point skeleton answer, which you'd flesh out and write properly in a real situation (when you do prac questions, don't bother writing out full answers as it wastes time). In the exam, only do this when you run out of time - but I guarantee this would be better than nothing. Solution, just don't run out of time :P
(seriously, write your hand off in the exam, don't risk running out of time because you were writing slowly)
i have a couple of questions with MDG'sAs long as it directly relates to the goal, that's fine - that's one of the strengths of the MDGs, that they're so interlinked; when you improve one, you're helping improve the others too. (A really great answer, too, btw).
1. For the reasons why goal 3 is important. Can i just say when women have equal access to education they are literate > employable > higher income > afford food/water/healthcare > reduced infections/malnutrition > therefore better health status (i kinda feel like i say the same thing for Goal 1 and 2 aswell, is that okay?)
or is it better to say something that relates only to this goal?
2. For the targets should we learn the amount they aim to reduce by. e.g.. 'Reduce by 3/4 the maternal mortality rate'I didn't in that case, and just said 'reduce number of deaths of women due to pregnancy and childbirth and increase access to reproductive health services'; but as long as you've got the number right, it'd probably be good to know. 'Purpose' doesn't 100% equal targets, it's kinda flexible.
3. Is the importance of goal 6 basically reducing these diseases through education and behavioural changes will improve BOD?Yes, but here are a couple of examples to warn you to be careful:
4. I don't really understand goal 7 at all :( ... ( i get the drinking water and sanitation bit, but i don't think thats enough )Yeah, it can be confusing; I tended to remember 4 things:
Hi guys! I don't know if this has been asked before, if it has, sorry for repeating, but I was wondering if more than one person in a cohort could receive 50 in health? Ofcourse, SAC scores and exam scores may be different, but does ranking take a toll in determining whether 50 is achievable for more than one person?My SAC average was 97% at the end of the year, FYI, with an 87% SAC. If the whole cohort scores 100% in the exam, I don't see why they wouldn't all get 50s, no matter their ranks!
Also, all my sac scores are 96+ (just got one 90), how are my chances for getting a 50 or close to it?
As there are many targets to goal 8, which do you think are the best ones to learn and base answers about? :)I'd probably go with:
Thanks so much for the reply!
I was also wondering what interval of sac average you need to be in, in order to have a good chance at achieving a 50?
I got 58/60 for our first sac (there were two parts), then I got 46/50 for the second sac, and now 48/50 for our third sac, we haven't done our last sac yet, but I'm hoping for a 90+, so what will my average be like? And is it good enough to be in the range of a 50?
Thanks guys and sorry again if I sound like a pest 😥😝😄
HEY. How's this for explain the purpose of goal 7. ' The purpose of goal 7 is to ensure environmental sustainability by maintaining the physical environment and ensuring it's sustainable for future generations. It includes aspects such as achieving universal access to safe water and sanitation, reversing the loss of environmental resources and improving the loves of slum dwellers'Perfect! (though avoid stating the question stem, e.g. 'The purpose of goal 7 is...' - dive in with 'To ensure...').
and for the importance something along these lines:Again, that looks really great. Always be ready to link to HD as well. Yeah, in any questions where you're explaining the impact on health/HS/HD/SHD etc. there are always other options, just pick something and run with it - no need to cover the whole goal or case study or w/e; base how many different points you pick on the number of marks assigned.
- access to safe water sanitation > reduced incidence of infectious/communicable diseases > improved morbidity/mortality
- loss of environmental resources > soil that isn't adequate for crops -- future generations > food insecurity and lack of opportunity for trade > malnutrition and poverty > can't afford health care > increase in mortality and morbidity
and just when answering why it's important, do we just pick a point or two and disregard the rest?
Hi there, really just after some help with the millennium development goals! We have our sac next week and i have no idea as to how the MDGs impact on health and also how they impact on human development! Would really appreciate help with figuring out what to write about each one when it is a question on the sac!Can you give us an example of your answers, so we can go from there? Could you try answering these questions:
Thanks ;D
Late reply, but thankyou very much! :) :)Welcome :)
Can you give us an example of your answers, so we can go from there? Could you try answering these questions:
- Explain how eradicating extreme poverty and hunger could improve health.
- Explain how increasing universal access to primary education could improve human development.
Don't worry if you don't get it fully, we can work from there! :D
Welcome :)
Yeah, no problem!Good; you know what you're doing! A few points:
By eradicating extreme poverty and hunger, there would be an decrease in rates of malnutrition, and an overall increase in health as people know have the income to be able to afford adequate health care and medications. This would lead to individuals showing overall happier emotions as they can know live to their full potential, and also being able to participate in their community and its decision making.
By achieving universal access to primary education, it allows children to recieve an education so they then have the knowledge to live to their full potential in a safe environment, lead productive and creative lifes, and also gain knowledge in healthcare which can lead to improvements in their lives. Finally, by having decent literacy skills, they have the ability to participate within their community and it decision making.This one would bring in all the marks, well done!
These are really rough answers as only just come up with them! ;D
Help plsCombat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases - it focuses directly on disease and health, right?
"name one of the MDGs where health is the central focus"
much thanks
I'm struggling to get sustainable human development. Also, what type of questions can we expect involving SHD ?Yeah, in general the questions will be something like 'Explain how ____ will impact/promote SHD', and ____ can be basically anything.
^^ i just came across this question.
3. Explain how improving the health of women in Haiti will impact on sustainable human development
(it was part of a case study but it's pretty irrelevant anyway)
sorry for draining it, but, with this dot point: 'The role of the United Nations (UN) in providing global health and sustainable human development through the following areas of action; world peace and security, human rights, humanitarian assistance and social and economic development.'
With the 'global health' bit, is that different to PMS??
Hi, just wondering:No, you don't; because they don't name a specific NGO and it's totally free for all, they're never ever going to test anything like this. What I learnt for this was just the names of a few Aus-based NGOs, and about two programs (which, since it can overlap with the last dot-point of the SD, is very simple).
Do we need to know specific details about programs? eg. CARE mission and values
It all just seems a bit irrelevant but the study design dot point regarding NGOs is relatively broad
No, you don't; because they don't name a specific NGO and it's totally free for all, they're never ever going to test anything like this. What I learnt for this was just the names of a few Aus-based NGOs, and about two programs (which, since it can overlap with the last dot-point of the SD, is very simple).
- Note, when I give advice to avoid learning unnecessary stuff, that sort of thing is the 'unnecessary' that heaps of people waste their time on. Be smart about it.
heeey,
I'm having a bit of trouble with interrelationship questions such as 'explain the interrelationship between health, HD and sustainability in relation to a literacy program'
Idk why I just freeze and get stuck on these and I have no clue where to start
Okey dokey. They're actually not that hard once you know how, since it's just conglomerating all the easy 2-mark 'impact on health' and 'impact on SHD'! Here's how I did it:
1. Link program (or w/e) to health/HS. Easy. Outline impact of program on PMS or health status indicators.
2. Link health + program to HD. Basically say, if you're more healthy (as just shown) due to the program, then you can go to school/work and achieve HD!
3. Link to sust. If people have HD, they're more likely to pass knowledge on to future generations blah blah. This link can be tricky, but as long as you use linking words and make it flow, you'll be fine.
4. Link program to sust. Explain how program promotes economic/envrionmental/social sustainability.
5. Link sust to health & HD - basically say that if it's sustainable, in the future people can achieve H & HD, because if it's not sustainable the impacts of this program will be limited etc.
Summary: Link
1. Program -> health.
2. Health -> HD
3. HD and/or program -> sustainability.
4. Sust -> future H & HD.
Write enough of this in enough detail (and underline the words 'sustainability', 'health' and 'human development' a couple of times throughout to prove to the examiner that you're box-ticking) and you'll be right. Remember to quote specifics from the program at intervals, and use linking words (e.g. thus, hence, this leads to, through this).
Hey guys, for mdgs. do you think its sufficient to know 2 purposes for each goalYeah, probably - though maybe 1-2 more for MDGs 7 and 8, but not essential unless you've already learnt everything else.
and btw there was someone that stated that they have a structured formula for the ,sustainablity,hd,health question, so if u can pls pass it on, would be niceScroll up two posts (to my last post), where there's an explanation - and then some more detail here.
ty
Hey, so whats the difference between a question that asks you to describe the inter-relationships between health HD and sustainability and a question that asks about sustainable human development??
when q asks about how a specific aid helps achieve global health , what words do I use to specify that I'm talking about global health rather than simply health?
Thanks :)
when q asks about how a specific aid helps achieve global health , what words do I use to specify that I'm talking about global health rather than simply health?
Also another q- I'm stuck with how to link emergency aid to global health and SHD?First, do you think emergency aid is sustainable?
-Outline ways that the Australian Government provides aid to developing countries (not just funding)- sends goods and services, like the necessary materials to build health clinics and schools, or nurses who can give immunisation or teach others to do so
-Elements of sustainable programs (not too sure what the elements are)This is appropriate, affordable, equitable.
Hey guys, just wanting some advice on hhd lectures. Had anyone been to any yet or went last year and can give any advice. At the moment, I'm thinking of doing the TSFX one and the Andrew Beaumont one? Bangali_lok, can you recommend any???Nope, I can't, as I never went to any, sorry. All I know is that everyone's dead against TSFX in general, idk if it's well founded but I'm just innately against supporting that company, and I've heard good things about Andrew Beaumont. Hoping someone else can help! :)
Hey again,In my last post I explained it for emergency aid; for the others, obviously their impact is going to differ depending on what they're doing, as an NGO or bilateral aid can do basically anything. For instance, if it's purely food handouts with nothing else, it won't contribute that much to SHD, whereas if it's teaching about soil and water conservation techniques and increasing food output etc. + seeds are given and it targets women and gets the community involved, and so on, it'll contribute more.
I'm having trouble with how the different types of aid are used to achieve global health and sustainable human development
Hey guys, just wanting some advice on hhd lectures. Had anyone been to any yet or went last year and can give any advice. At the moment, I'm thinking of doing the TSFX one and the Andrew Beaumont one? Bangali_lok, can you recommend any???
Hey guys, just wanting some advice on hhd lectures. Had anyone been to any yet or went last year and can give any advice. At the moment, I'm thinking of doing the TSFX one and the Andrew Beaumont one? Bangali_lok, can you recommend any???
In regard to revision lectures, I (and everybody else I know who attended) found Andrew Beaumont's extremely beneficial. I definitely recommend it.
oh lol maybe i'm the only one that hated it
For this dot pointThe sorts of questions you could be asked:
• the priorities of the Australian Government's aid initiatives and the role it plays in developing programs to promote global health and sustainable human development
What exactly do I need to know about the 6 priorities ? And what kind of q would come up , is it like case studies where you have to find the priority and explain them ?
Thanks :)
The sorts of questions you could be asked:
- identify in case studies (thus you must know the names, and be able to pick out how specific examples show that priority)
- 'explain' a priority - this is quite vague, basically say what they're about + probably a couple of examples of how DFAT aid targets that priority
- how they impact on SHD and GH and anything/everything else (easy for most, like health, education etc., but remember to think about the impacts of effective governance and economic growth)
Pretty much, know:
- names
- general summary/examples
- impact on SHD/GH
I'd also know a full program or two that DFAT has run in developing countries - this can overlap with the last dot-point, for instance, learn a DFAT-run program that improves literacy rates.
Each to their own! :) I went three years (!) ago, so you would have a more recent perspective.
How long did the Unit 3 revision lecture go for?
Guys just had this idea. I could do a really small interactive homey group HHD revision class sometime during the holidays for any of you that wanted to come.
If it went ahead, anyone interested would help me sort out the focus, but I imagine it would cover stuff like
- answering questions appropriately
- developing 'invention' skills
- how to study for the exam
- in general what content you need to know and the sort of questions they ask (but not going through it in depth except problem areas anyone wants me to, that's what you have textbooks for and what my notes would include)
- powering up and getting excited for the subject!! :D
Re length, location, date - tba based on interest (if any) - length totally anything from like 2-8 hrs over 1-2 days, I'm free most Mon-Wed (esp in the mornings), and location I have absolutely no clue. Price - like if it were 4 hrs and 4 people came, I'd be looking at ~$25 each (gotta show mum that I'm 'earning' something :p).
As you can tell, the idea is barely formed, but I'm super keen to give something interactive and targeted at your personal issues and exam prep, rather than just dry content revision which you could do at home. There's only so much you can do with written words, and I'd love to help y'all out.
If you're at all interested or have any ideas, please PM me or post in this thread (as I probably shouldn't be advertising in a Qs thread, but hopefully all my 'helpful' answers permit one post). If there's interest, I'll create and post more specific details in that thread.
This may seem really silly, but i'm confused on what DFAT is and what it does....? Do we need to know examples of what it does/has done?
Me too :)Soooooo nervous for the exam what should i do :/
not sure if I'm correct but DFAT is in charge of Australian Aid, so when asked about DFAT just talk about that
eg. the 6 priorities of Australian Aid:
- Economic development including encouraging trade and the development of the private sector
- Health and supporting the fight against HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases
- Education
- Empowering women and girls
- Effective governance
- Humanitarian aid
Tbh I don't even know if Australian Aid is a thing my teacher always calls it that, seems that everyone is calling it DFAT...
My understanding is that DFAT (Department of Foreign Affairs and Trading) is the governmental branch that is responsible for Australia's international aid. I agree that when a question asks about DFAT, those are the things to discuss.
The study design was relatively recently changed, which may have caused some confusion. We used to have an agency called AusAID (Australian Agency for International Development), which was responsible for Australia's international aid; however, it was integrated into DFAT in October 2013. I (HHD 2012) studied AusAID, which had a whole bunch of different content attached to it.
All the best. :)
I don't know what to say for the roles Australia's Government plays (For this dot point: 'the priorities of the Australian Government’s aid initiatives and the role it plays in developing programs to improve global health and sustainable human development')They're very unlikely to give you an open-ended question like 'What are the roles the Australian Government plays in promoting SHD?' Though you may get, what is one way the govt promotes SHD, in which case you'd pick on anything specific like 'provide advice to governments to help with blah, which helps these governments to blah blah and thus achieve SHD'.
EDIT: Is it just like for Effective Governance - Provide Advice to governments and so on?
A really simple question but just clarifying :anyone?
If q gives data and asks you to identify the country that has made most progress towards achieving MDGs and say it was MDG 4 (reduce child mortality) - do you go for the country that is closest to the target , but decreased by a bit ? Or the one that has decreased the most , yet is still far from the target?
Thank youuuu :)
QuoteA really simple question but just clarifying :anyone?
If q gives data and asks you to identify the country that has made most progress towards achieving MDGs and say it was MDG 4 (reduce child mortality) - do you go for the country that is closest to the target , but decreased by a bit ? Or the one that has decreased the most , yet is still far from the target?
Thank youuuu :)
Hi :) I have a question regarding the 4th key knowledge from unit 4 aos 2, 'The agenda of the WHO in promoting global health and sustainable human development'. My teacher says the WHO agenda has changed this year and so we were taught the 'WHO leadership priorities' instead. I'm a bit confused, if the WHO agenda has indeed changed, can we still talk about it in the exam this year? Or should we discuss the WHO leadership priorities?
Thank you in advance!
@bangali_lokWelcome, yeah, you reply by making a new post :)
Thanks for your quick reply! I can't figure out how to reply to your answer hence the new post..
That definitely makes a lot more sense now, I will be sure to use the acronym :')
Agreed, VCAA y u do dis -.-
Hey guys, I was just wondering what is the difference between sustainable development and sustainable human developmentDon't know of any difference at all - and I don't think VCAA would use the term sustainable development ever. Sorry, not 100% sure, but I'd call them identical.
With regards to this dot point on the study design, i understand originally it was about AUSAID, but now its been changed to DFAT. So that does that mean we don't need to know anything about ausaid , except we should learn about dfat and its 6 priorities?Yes, AusAID simply doesn't exist. (I've discussed more about this dot-point in the last 2ish pages of the thread if you care to skim quickly.)
"the priorities of the Australian Government’s aid initiatives and the role it plays in developing
programs to improve global health and sustainable human development"
why does the Australian Government provide funding for multilaterial organisations and NGOs?Well, what are the positives/better impacts on SHD of
Basic question, dunno how to word it
Yes, AusAID simply doesn't exist. (I've discussed more about this dot-point in the last 2ish pages of the thread if you care to skim quickly.)Multilateral -> Bilateral sector may not have enough time to focus on other sectors in the world maybe ? By providing aid/support to other countries, governments are able to implement facilities such as health care facilities and education facilities (e.g. school) to allow people to have access to school -> increased knowledge -> more likely to engage in health promotion behaviours (e.g. use contraception during sex to avoid catching sexual transmitted infections such as HIV or AIDs) -> globally health increase -> higher life expectancy -> lower mortality rates ?
Well, what are the positives/better impacts on SHD of
a) multilateral aid
b) NGO aid
that bilateral aid can't achieve? If you don't know, think about it for a while.
Then just explain that. 'Because multilateral aid... Because NGO aid...' Give me your attempt if you're still stuck :)
Multilateral -> Bilateral sector may not have enough time to focus on other sectors in the world maybe ? By providing aid/support to other countries, governments are able to implement facilities such as health care facilities and education facilities (e.g. school) to allow people to have access to school -> increased knowledge -> more likely to engage in health promotion behaviours (e.g. use contraception during sex to avoid catching sexual transmitted infections such as HIV or AIDs) -> globally health increase -> higher life expectancy -> lower mortality rates ?
NGO -> Uhhh, Australia Government provides funding for non-government organisations because NGOs may not have adequate financial funding to provide assistance to other countries or local communities.Australian Government wants to provide assistance to other countries in a effective way, so they can provide funding to other countriesiuuno what to write for NGOs
Yep, again, the point is, what advantages can these types of aid provide that bilateral aid can't? Bilateral does focus on different places in the world (it works with individual countries across the world). Try this out again before checking my spoilers from my notes! Think about it, multilateral = big + international, and some problems are big + international; NGO = small + local + focuses on communities.Yep, the teacher helped me go over this.Multilateral• able to have significant impact as they can coordinate resources in large-scale projects to address major humanitarian needs on a global scale
• can resolve conflict and support peace on a global scale
• can provide global support for control, treatment and eradication of diseases such as HIV, TB, malaria, and vaccine-preventable disease, and prevent global disease epidemicsNGO aid• can provide aid quickly and directly to those in need of assistance, often where official aid cannot reach
• implement small-scale projects with strong community involvement and education (thus sustainable)
• target community’s specific needs – appropriate and effective
This is a key skill for HHD, btw - that if you got a question like this and hadn't learnt it, to think and think and think until you come up with something decent. Practise it.
Hey everyone,
I was wondering whether the following response would be suitable for identifying and briefly (not really brief..is it?) explaining an Australian NGO...
"World Vision Australia is a nongovernment organistation that aims to address the underlying causes of poverty, food insecurity and lack of water and sanitation by implementing programs such as water pumps in Nigeria. World Vision's mission is 'to be a Christian relief, development and advocacy organistation dedicated to working with children, families and communities to overcome poverty and injustice'.
Anything I should add/remove from this? -If possible could anyone briefly highlight they key information required when describing or outlining an NGO (not program).
THANKS
When discussing global health, do you relate to the dimensions of health for populations and/or health indicators? Also when you outline what roles NGOs play in global health and human development, do you discuss how they work/what they do and link them to improving global health and HD? Thanks
Hi everyone,Idk the actual program, but if it's UNICEF, that's part of the UN, which is a multilateral organisation. Note that a program can involve different types of aid, for instance, Australian Aid can work with an NGO like CARE Australia to deliver a program, so that it's both bilateral and NGO aid.
I was wondering if the program "Child Friendly Schools" is an example of multilateral or NGO Aid? UNICEF works with the Pakistani Gov, and local communities to create 'child friendly schools'. I'm pretty sure it's NGO but im not 100% confident!
TIA
I'm really struggling to grasp this dot point:
"different types of aid, including emergency aid, bilateral and multilateral, non-government organisation aid, and how they are used to achieve global health and sustainable human development"
I think i'm ok with emergency aid, but for the rest?????
My thoughts so far...
Multilateral: Implements large scale programs
Bilateral: ?? ? ? ??
NGO: Implements small community based programs
:-\ :-\ :-\ :-\ :-\ :-\ :-\ :-\
Hey guys, i'm kinda new to this 8) 8)
I am a bit lost with regards to the NGO's. So .....
• the role of non-government organisations based in Australia in promoting global health and sustainable human development --> Do we need to know about specific programs ( i thought we would be given a case study??) What is an example of one?
• programs focusing on literacy, food security, HIV/AIDS and malaria, immunisation, safe water and sanitation in terms of.........:
--> are these run by DFAT or something??? I was looking at past exams and some questions were like what is a program that AusAid (now DFAT) has run with an NGO????... I was under the impression it was hypothetical, like what is a program that could be implemented???
Hope i'm making sense coz I'm confused myself haha :) :) :) :) :)
Multilateral: as you say, huge scale, so they can really knock big issues on the head!! But not just that; can you think of any international problems that it wouldn't be in the power of one single country to deal with? Like, think about the things that the UN and WHO do that an individual country couldn't.--> Like resolving conflict?
Those programs on literacy, food security etc. can be run by anyone - NGOs, DFAT, multilateral organisations. It's up to you to find any random (true) program. However, if you learn 1-2 from DFAT and 1-2 of NGOs, then that overlaps with other dot-points and saves you brainspace.
--> Like resolving conflict?Yes; and think about dealing with international outbreaks like ebola, or multinational companies like Maccas, tobacco giants, etc.
I struggle to find good programs, would you be able to suggest any to us? :DFirstly, your textbook should have some (should be good enough to score full marks at all times), if not, go to relevant websites
Alright, so for like the questions that ask for programs that HAVE been implemented, would they be about the programs focusing on literacy, food security etc?Precisely :)
whereas the COULD be implemented questions can be about anything e.g: maternal mortality ??
I'm doing revision and am struggling with the study design point:
> Potential health outcomes of a VicHealth funded project and how it reflects social model of health
At the moment this is all I have for it in my notes:
* MOTION Program.
Funds art orgs to establish arts activities that incorporate physical activity to build social connection
* Walk to School program.
- School children and their parents are encouraged to walk to school each day in October
> ↑ social interaction (social health)
> ↑ physical activity
= ↑ fitness, assists weight management (physical health)
= ↑ feelings of wellbeing (mental health)
and I feel like I'm missing a lot, any guidance would be greatly appreciated!
Hey guys, for some of the programs focusing on water and sanitation etc, i can't find the actual program name. So like for water and sanitation is this enough, or should i try find another program?? "WaterAid Australia implemented a program that help people in developing countries access safe water by . . .. . "
hey :)
for this on the study design:
- the role of nutrition in addressing the following conditions recognised in the NHPAs: cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, colorectal cancer, obesity and osteoporosis, taking into account, where relevant, the function (as a determinant of health) and major food sources of protein, carbohydrate (including fibre), fats (mono, poly, saturated and trans), water, calcium, phosphorus, sodium and vitamin D.
does 'addressing' mean 'as a protective factor'?
thank you :)
Basically. But also be aware of the risk factors of each nutrient. So, for example, saturated and trans fats might be risk factors for obesity and diabetes mellitus; the nutrients aren't always protective factors, but they often are.
ok cool thank you, so if I get a question that asks for the function of carbohydrates as a determinant of health for example, can I talk about either risk or protective factors or should I discuss both?
I don't have any particular substance for this, but my opinion is that when it asks for the function, it's best to speak of the positive aspects. I wouldn't really see the excess body weight of saturated fat, for example, a 'function' as such - more of a consequence.
Speaking from experience, I always spoke about the positive aspects of the nutrient when it asked for its function.
I'm not 100% sure about it, though. What do other people think about this?
Wow thanks so much for your help!
Just to be annoying and double check, would you say these new notes are adequate enough then?
i don't really understand when a question asks how does this( whatever they are talking about) improve global health. i mean when the whole case study is talking about an individual or a community how can you talk about their improvement of health in a global context?Love how everyone asks the questions I asked too...
thank you :)
I think you could justify either positive or negative in my opinion. As long as there's reasoning either should be fine :DJust always make sure it’s as relevant as possible, and make 100% sure you really clearly draw the link between the program and burden of disease from that NHPA, in detail. Obesity-related programs cover obesity, CV health and diabetes mellitus; mental health programs cover what you said; that’s about it.
Does anyone have any tips on choosing health promotion programs for NHPA's so that they double up??? I was thinking I could use the same one for injury prevention and control (suicide) and mental health??
Also, what are the things you need to say to get the marks for a health promotion program??
Just always make sure it’s as relevant as possible, and make 100% sure you really clearly draw the link between the program and burden of disease from that NHPA, in detail. Obesity-related programs cover obesity, CV health and diabetes mellitus; mental health programs cover what you said; that’s about it.
To describe one program that aims to decrease burden of disease from one NHPA:
1. name the program
2. who is running the program
3. what is the program’s aims
4. how do they do it (bulk of your response)
5. the impact of this on the NHPA
Remember to be as specific as possible and include enough detail, especially on point 4.
Does the heart foundation tick work for Cardiovascular Health, Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity?? Or should i change it so that it directly links to weight??The Tick is fine as long as you show direct links to the particular disease involved.
So i can use the same program for injury prevention and control and mental health?? so like the 'R U OK? Program'
does anyone find the engage practise exams very different from VCAA-style questions?
they're just not specific enough? idk if I should spend time on these?
How much detail do we need to know the Australian Dietary Guidelines in?? Is knowing the guideline enough ?
From the free ones I've seen, they don't look brilliant (though don't write off all after trying one, as there are probably different authors). I wouldn't do them in full, but probably skim them, answering the questions in your head/verbally - you'll still learn stuff, but not waste two full hours. Of the ones I looked through last year, only Insight and QATS seemed VCAA-like to me. Plus hopefully the one I wrote and posted on this board ;)
What is a biological determinant that is a risk factor for injuries? The text book only has a brief summary. TIA
What is a biological determinant that is a risk factor for injuries? The text book only has a brief summary. TIA
Hi! I have my last SAC on Monday and couldn't be more stressed. I was wondering if I could get some feedback on these questions? Thanks so much in advance.
Hey! Sorry that you're stressed (you shouldn't be, those were both really good answers ;)), but be glad it's nearly over! :D Hope this is helpful even if not in time.
(on the assumption that there are no more pressing matters)
Hey everyone, just looking for some feedback on how to purpose for an MDG should be written?
Should it be just all the targets chunked together (as in cambridge)
or more of a summary and explanation as in the Jacaranda?
Here is how Jacaranda puts it..
Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
PURPOSE: To redyce the lvel of pverty and hunger within developing countries through the development of strategies to promote employment opportunities, particularly for women and young people.
(that is much easier to remember than the way cambridge puts it, but I dont know whether it covers everything to get the full marks if asked for the purpose of goal 1 etc.)
Just a general point in regard to practice exams:
I absolutely empathise with the vague nature of many of them. This is something that frustrated me endlessly (across a number of subjects) when I was in Year 12. However, I don't think there is any harm in completing them fully (on the assumption that there are no more pressing matters); even vague questions can prompt you to respond to questions in different ways.
Out of interest, which Engage exams have been most/least beneficial?
Hey,
Do we learn 2015 WHO's 6 priority areas or the previous years one?
Has anyone been to the latest revision lecture by Andrew Beumont?? Still not 100% sure if i should go!
Yeah went to the exam revision lectures. He goes through the content very quickly and briefly, and i felt it was a good refresher of the things i already knew. Didn't really learn anything knew, but nonetheless the notes he gives you are pretty good.
Would there ever ask you a question about a specific disease or condition within an NHPA?
For example for Dementia do i need to know in detail about : Vascular dementia, Alzheimers disease, Dementia with lewy bodies etc
and for Arthritis I know osteoporosis is important, but what about osteoarthritis, juvenile arthritis etc?
Hey all!
Just wondering: for the key knowledge dot point (from the study design) 'Health status of Australians compared with populations in other developed countries', what exactly is it that we need to know? A general idea of where Australia stands compared to other countries - ie. positive health status, life expectancy not as high as Japan's, room for improvement in non-communicable diseases?
Just feels a bit vague to me and I'm not sure if I'm over- or under-studying. Thanks in advance! ;D
Hey guys, i need a bit of help with a couple questions :)
1. What is the role of VicHealth in promoting health? 2 marks
2. Describe how an NGO promotes sustainable human development. 3 marksEither should be fine, I'd probably go with more specific, but if you explain 1-2 examples of what they do and how this promotes SHD (specifically), you'll be fine.
- With this question, i'm not sure whether to link it to a program and say something like World Vision Australia implemented a HIV/Aids program in Zambia..... or to be broad and say they provide education etc which promotes shd.
3. And i'm not sure what to say when questions say 'justify' a reason why a health promotion program was implemented (in regards to NHPA's)As simple as, why do we need this program (what are our problems)?
When there is a question asking us about global health, do we refer to global health concerns such as HIV,malariaa, cancer, CVD etc
or do we refer to health status indicators and then just say "globally" "worldwide" "for all people" etc
Thanks
I have a similar question -- my teacher says for global health, refer to health (ie. PMS) and health status (indicators) but it ends up being too long winded for what is usually a 2 mark question
Going off how I did it and how the assessor's report's (sole) example - health status indicators + phrases from global health definition. If you do that, it's pretty safe and I can't see how you'd lose a mark.
Because it's how countries work together to achieve equity in health status etc., PMS doesn't work as that's an individual rather than population level - and it's about populations working together.
y'all are 50ers so I trust you haha
(maybe imaware will be too ;) )
Haha, we're in this together, lets both get 50's!
How's your revision going for health? been revising the content or going straight into exams?
pfft I wish, the average SS at my school is 25 (or maybe it's less now...)
oh and this is for anyone, how many marks can we lose on the exam to get 50s?
Don't let that put you off, the average at my school was less than 25 SS as well, and although I got 45+ but not a 50, that was due to missing a few definition questions (Yes, losing easy marks :(). As long as you stand out in your cohort, they won't affect your score.
As far as I know, you can lose 2-3 marks to get a 50, but I'm not 100% sure.
Good luck with the exam, I'm sure you guys will all do absolutely amazing!
thank you for the advice!
just wondering, what were you focusing on in the last few weeks till the exam?
I know I have to fine tune a couple of things but that will all be done in a couple of days -- then what?
Andrew Beaumont said that the highest exam mark he saw was low 90's (i think it was 94%) he then said that student would've gotten a 50 no doubt. Just saying :-)Well then, I was way off the mark, oops. That's awesome though, a few small errors won't cost you the top marks. :D
I just looked through practice exams, doing them verbally/in dot point form, and do the 6 mark application questions, as I'd run out of time to complete that many in full. Kept going over definitions and the programs etc, as I have a horrible memory, and if I didn't keep going over it, I would forget it extremely quickly.
However, everyone is different, so look into the areas you feel you're weaker in, and polish it up.
Well then, I was way off the mark, oops. That's awesome though, a few small errors won't cost you the top marks. :D
if a question saysWhenever a question asks about "Sustainable Human Development" it is asking you to talk about the aspects of
explain how ___ program could promote sustainable human development, do we refer to affordable/equitable/appropriateness or social/economic/environmental sustainability?
Whenever a question asks about "Sustainable Human Development" it is asking you to talk about the aspects of
Health ( PMS, could take about global health too) - both if you can
Human Development ( just chunks from the definition)
Sustainability ( i like to break it down into the social/economic/environmental sustainability and discuss 1 or 2)
If a question says Explain using the "Elements of Sustainability how a program is sustainable then you should refer to the affordable/equitable and appropriate aspects of sustainability, making sure to make a clear think between the case study and what the elements of sustainability entail - essentially the definitions.
Hey guys, with the role of the Australian Government's Aid, would we have to know specific examples of where the aid was given?
For example: Provided bilateral funds to gain increased access to safe water.....
or: Provided bilateral funds to the government in Indonesia to develop increased access to safe water.
Hope that makes sense?
^To be fair, I think it's a bit of a grey area. I used PMS for individual health and health status indicators for global health, but nobody seemed to be entirely sure.
I would definitely know 1-2 programs in detail (including where implemented), but other than that, you don't need to know specifics - just know in general what the govt is doing for each priority, and I doubt they'd ask anything specific.
P.S.
In 2012, global health was different (there's been a distinct clarification since then). But fully agree - this is perhaps the greyest area of the course for me ::)
In 2012, global health was different (there's been a distinct clarification since then). But fully agree - this is perhaps the greyest area of the course for me ::)
wait what's the clarification o.O
The following clarification has been provided in response to queries about how the term ‘health’ applies to the concepts of global health and sustainable human development. The terms ‘global health’ and ‘sustainable human development’ are used extensively in VCE Health and Human Development Unit 4: Global health and human development.
The term ‘global health’ extends beyond the individual and is concerned with the health of populations. Global health is about an international collaborative approach to achieve equality for all people worldwide.
Health is also linked to the concept of sustainable human development, however this is different from global health because it takes into account either the dimensions of health at an individual level (the physical, social and mental aspects) or measures of health status (for example mortality or morbidity rates). When people are healthy, they are more able to attend school, work and earn an income that gives them greater choice and control over their lives and therefore contribute to human development. Alternatively, if people can access education, they have greater choices in employment and a greater capacity to earn an income, which means they are able to feed their families, which could reduce the mortality rate for children aged under five years.
The concepts of global health and health as part of sustainable human development represent different perspectives of health. For assessment purposes, if asked to discuss global health and sustainable human development together, students should refer to health at both population and individual levels.
Thats from the VCAA website :-)
Just confirming
If a question asks for example how education impacts on sustainable human development. Can we just break down the 3 concepts of Health/HD/sustainability and address them separately? What i mean is that we don't need to show any interrelationship or flow on from the other concepts in our answers true?
Health is also linked to the concept of sustainable human development, however this is different from global health because it takes into account either the dimensions of health at an individual level (the physical, social and mental aspects) or measures of health status (for example mortality or morbidity rates). When people are healthy, they are more able to attend school, work and earn an income that gives them greater choice and control over their lives and therefore contribute to human development. Alternatively, if people can access education, they have greater choices in employment and a greater capacity to earn an income, which means they are able to feed their families, which could reduce the mortality rate for children aged under five years.
Hey guys, I know that vcaa didnt release answers for the sample exam 2014 but is there anyone who has posted their answers?
Thanks!
Could someone help me out with social and environmental characteristics of developed and developing countries, with some examples? :-*Social Developing
What percentage/mark is considered an A+ in the HHD exam?
:) :)
According to last years exam, you'd have to get 78.5 % to get an A+
Take a look at this : http://www.vcaa.vic.edu.au/Documents/statistics/2014/section3/vce_health_and_human_development_ga14.pdf
Interrelationship between Health, HD and sustainability
If a question told you to - Explain the interrelationships between health, human development and sustainability.
How would you write it
Got told by my teacher that you can space it out by paragraph structure
E.g. One paragraph on Health, another on HD, another on Sustainability
But when i went to the TSFX lecture, the lecturer said to not use paragraphs
You shouldn't use paragraphs because it would mean you're not showing the interrelationships between them. If you do one paragraph on each you can't get full marks because you need do clearly show how one effects the other. Make sense? :)
would that mean you need about 85% correct to crack the 45+ range?
I have this same question too :) Could anyone clarify please?
• the influence on the health status of developing countries compared to Australia of income, gender equality, peace/political stability, education, access to healthcare, global marketing (of alcohol, tobacco and fast/processed foods) and physical environmentsI've got a general idea of it, but it'd be absolutely amazing if someone could briefly summarise it for me, and highlight the main points - maybe even come up with a likely exam question? Thanks heaps in advance, and sorry for asking so much.
Hey, lovely people.
I was wondering if anyone could help me out by going over this Unit 4 Key Knowledge point:I've got a general idea of it, but it'd be absolutely amazing if someone could briefly summarise it for me, and highlight the main points - maybe even come up with a likely exam question? Thanks heaps in advance, and sorry for asking so much.
Hope everyone's feeling okay in the lead-up! One week to go. :o
have some posts been deleted from this thread? some replies and the question I asked today are missing?
Hey all!
I've been planning out the last few days (and trying not to panic - we're running out of days!) and thought I'd get the opinion of some of you. Seeing as the Health exam is in the afternoon (3.00-5.15), what do you think the best way to spend the day is, study-wise? I know it will differ from person to person, but for me I think that squeezing in one or more practice exams will leave me too tired for the real one.
So what did/will you do for your final preparations, come Wednesday?
Also for the role of vic health , would this suffice ?This is from Key Concepts -
The role of Vic Health : a Victorian state Government imitative which is involved in health promotion and primary prevention of non-communicable diseases in order to promote good health , prevent ill-health and reduce inequalities between population groups in Victoria.
Also , if a q were to ask the definition of developed and developing countries , would writing a few characteristics of each into a few sentences suffice? Cause there is no official definition, right?Again from Key Concepts -
^ Thank you emmakate :)
You know if they ask us to define a determinant of health like social determinant do we have to list evvvvverything that they put as an example ? Like if you just said 'aspects of the society and the social environment that impact on health such as poverty ' rather than 'Aspects of society and the social environment that impact on health, such as poverty, early life experiences, social networks and support' would you get full marks ? (Using social determinant as an example was probs not a good idea cause the physical environment is the one that has so many examples)
With questions that ask to define things such as burden of disease and bilateral aid etc. Do we have to give the exact definition from the advice for teachers glossary??
How would you define sustainable health development? I can't find the exact definition in the study design.
My textbook (Key Concepts in HHD) says: "The capacity for current and future generations to achieve their full potential and lead productive, creative lives in accordance with their needs and interests".
Whereas on a practice exam (Engage) I did, the definition was: "The process of people striving to achieve their full potential, lead more productive lives, expand their choices and meet their needs without compromising the opportunities of future generations to meet their own needs."
Which one would be the most appropriate for the exam?
For this key knowledge
local, state and federal governments' responsibilities for health and health funding
how many responsibilities should we know? and like for the funding what do we need to know in particular?
Also for the role of vic health , would this suffice ?
The role of Vic Health : a Victorian state Government imitative which is involved in health promotion and primary prevention of non-communicable diseases in order to promote good health , prevent ill-health and reduce inequalities between population groups in Victoria.
And when analysing data and comparing for Australia and other developed countries my teacher always says we should write 'Australia compares favourably with [insert country]' I always thought this was unnecessary , do we need to do this?
Also , if a q were to ask the definition of developed and developing countries , would writing a few characteristics of each into a few sentences suffice? Cause there is no official definition, right?
To those who did Health and methods exams on the same day what were your approaches?
Did you revise for health after the methods exam or did you just chill etc?
With questions that ask to define things such as burden of disease and bilateral aid etc. Do we have to give the exact definition from the advice for teachers glossary??
I have a question
In regards to Nutrition, when a question asks about the function of a nutrient, does that mean it could be positive or negative ? ( i have heard that you can only talk about positives)
Similarly, when a question asks how a nutrient "adresses" a particular disease, does that refer to the positives only?
Thank you !
For the definitions, i alway get confused between each other because they're so similar. And like i always mix up the words injury/disease/illness :( Shouldn't matter too much???
Also: how do you know if you should go to the positive or negatives of a question. Like How does world peace impact on global health and sustainable human development. . Can you say without world peace there will be . . . therefore if there is peace . . . .
Edit: I found a question on a practice exam: 'Explain how differences in political stability contribute to the difference identified in part a (Australia has lower U5MR and male adult mortality rates that pakistan)
- So could i say that: In australia we have political stability which means we have less deaths due to violence and war hence reducing the child and adult mortality rates in comparison to Pakistan who experience political instability and therefore . .
and for MDG #5 -> increasing access to reproductive health services, is that having trained people at the birth, or having a place where women can seek advice about family planning etc?
Explain how one of the UN action areas aims to promote global health and sustainable human development (4 marks)
Action area: World peace and security
Explanation: Preventing conflict and keeping peace leads to a safer environment where individuals are not at a safety risk. Therefore, they may be able to continue to work and go to school, enabling them to develop to their full potential and enhancing their capabilities and choices as they are empowered to have wider employment options. If tensions are resolved it is unlikely that they will arise again in the future which enables both current and future generations to have same same ability to attend school and work. This means they are more likely to have better employment prospects in the future, allowing them to be able to afford health promoting resources such as nutritious food, thus reducing morbidity and mortality from malnutrition and improving the health status of the country, leading to equity in health status worldwide.
There weren't any questions like this on VCAA exams (that I remember...) or in Checkpoints, so do you think it is unlikely to get such a lengthy question on the exam?
There were a lot of links to be made and I didn't really know how to approach this
In regards to why an MDG is important, what is the safest link to make? Should we link it to a health status indicator or HD or just generally?
So I just need to clarify something about sustainability:
Question: Explain how undernourishment in developing regions may impact health, HHD and sustainability
That question was in our SAC and I talked about SEE whereas my friend used AAE and both our teachers marked it right.
I'm just confused which one is right because I always used AAE to assess a program and there wasn't any program given in the question. :-\
When it comes to answering questions on sustainability and sustainable human development, what's the difference?
As always, my answers may not be fully coherent, so don't feel bad/please ask me to clarify if needed!
And yay, negotiated with work so I get tomorrow off, so I'll be here all of tomorrow to answer any last-minute questions! (Obviously anyone else can jump in too, sorry for taking over this thread LOL ::)).
I can fully imagine a VCAA exam asking this, personally; you could even get a 6-marker like this (probably split into two, i.e. 3 marks for GH and 3 for SHD).
I might start it with: The UN employs disarmament, peacekeeping and conflict mediation, which could decrease risk of disputes turning into violent conflicts. Then I'd move straight into the mode of 'how does conflict impact HS/HD' from U4 AOS 1, and just explain a couple of specific ways that conflict influences GH and SHD - like, destroying infrastructure like schools and medical facilities; crop destruction; injury from military action; governments paying for weapons not healthcare/education; etc. Just pick 1-2 and run with those, explaining their impact on GH and SHD, and ignore the rest.
So it's not hard: link to UN, then explain a couple of specific impacts on GH and SHD, and you've earned 4 marks.
Can someone please clarify the difference between incidence and prevalenceWhile prevalence is the number or proportion of cases of a particular condition present in a population at a given time (definition) , incidence is the number or rate of NEW CASES of a particular condition in a given time
I know the defintions, just need a clarification
While prevalence is the number or proportion of cases of a particular condition present in a population at a given time (definition) , incidence is the number or rate of NEW CASES of a particular condition in a given time
While prevalence is the number or proportion of cases of a particular condition present in a population at a given time (definition) , incidence is the number or rate of NEW CASES of a particular condition in a given time
Does anyone have a prediction of what the NHPA is going to be on this years exam? I know some schools have teachers who predict these things each year...Last year it was really obvious it was going to be dementia because its the new NHPA introduced in 2012, and it wasnt on the 2013 exam. Im going to go with Mental health or Arthritis and musculoskeletal conditions.
What is a question on DFAT likely to be ???Shouldn't matter? But it'll be along the lines of Australia has given aid to create a program introduced to control some infectious disease so how does that influence their health status but don't stress they'll give you adequate information you need to answer the question.
Anybody else feeling too burnt out to try anymore? >,<
so is this an improved answer?
(I only added a couple of sentences at the start, can you please clarify this further?) :)
The UN employs disarmament, peacekeeping and conflict mediation, which could decrease risk of disputes turning into violent conflicts. Conflict leads to crop destruction, destroyed infrastructure and injury from violence. Preventing conflict and keeping peace leads to a safer environment where individuals are not at a safety risk. Therefore, they may be able to continue to work and go to school, enabling them to develop to their full potential and enhancing their capabilities and choices as they are empowered to have wider employment options. If tensions are resolved it is unlikely that they will arise again in the future which enables both current and future generations to have same same ability to attend school and work. This means they are more likely to have better employment prospects in the future, allowing them to be able to afford health promoting resources such as nutritious food, thus reducing morbidity and mortality from malnutrition and improving the health status of the country, leading to equity in health status worldwide.
and wow you took a day off for us?! you're more dedicated than all of my teachers combined, thank you!
For Unit 4 AOS 2 when we have to learn a program on literacy, food security, HIV/Aids etc does it have to be a program that has already been implemented, or could we make it up?
And if we do make it up should we given it a name to make it sound realistic?
For example " The United Nations Global Immunisation Initiative" or something like that?
Thanks
So if the exam q asked u to explain the difference u would say that?
Basically incidence new cases, prevalence old ?
What is a question on DFAT likely to be ???
What program do you guys use for immunisations??? Thanks :D
also if we are referring to type 2 diabetes, do we have to say type 2 diabetes mellitus?
Anybody else feeling too burnt out to try anymore? >,<
If a question says describe the NHPA Mental Health (2 Marks) what would you say?
Just also wanted to make sure, is the kid's helpline an okay program for mental health? i haven't heard of anyone else doing it, just wanted to check :)
And also, is it okay to say for federal government, management and funding of medicare and PBS?
Having a world of trouble posting this (error messages for an hour) so hopefully this posts properly. :(
Just wondering - can we use determinant examples more than once throughout the paper, if it doesn't explicitly say not to? For example, if I use Biological (Body Weight) on Question 3, can I then use it again in Question 7? TIA and good luck to everyone!
What would you say for 'describe the NHPA arthritis and musculoskeletal conditions?' thanks!!!Musculoskeletal conditions are ill health related to joints , muscles and bones. This included arthritis -a disorder of one or more bones - osteoarthritis- a group of diseases characterised by degradation of bones and cartilage causing inflammation , pain and locking.Also other forms of arthritis such as rheumatoid arthritis -which is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease fall under this umbrella, as well as osteoporosis which refers to the thinning of bone density and literally refers to "porous bones".
So at least you can be thankful that the incredibly difficult mnemonic EAPRICED from the MDGs has turned into the far more simple and memorable NZGQGCDP.
:P
GUYSSSS! Important message for 2016ers!
Casually reading the study design, y'know, as I always do on that Sunday night relax in a comfy arm chair, I noticed that the MDGs have been scratched and replaced by the SDGs – Sustainable Development Goals.
New Key Knowledge: the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, and 16) and reasons why they are important.
New Key Skills:
- Describe the UN’s SDGS (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, and 16) and why they are important.
- Explain the contribution the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals could make to global health and sustainable human development.
Isn't it annoying when a course actually follows the real world!?!?! When things change in the world the course has to change too, bah! ;) Since there are 169 targets, thankfully you don’t have to learn them like we did with MDGs :P
Anything you read about MDGs, their purpose, and their reasons why they’re important – is irrelevant.
this throws me off big time, all my notes, SACs and exams need a full rewrite *grumbles*
SDGs that you’ll be studying:
1. No poverty
2. Zero hunger
3. Good health and wellbeing
4. Quality education
5. Gender equality
6. Clean water and sanitation
8. Decent work and economic growth
16. Peace, justice and strong institutions.
So at least you can be thankful that the incredibly difficult mnemonic EAPRICED from the MDGs has turned into the far more simple and memorable NZGQGCDP.
:P
Essentially, for each you’ll have to know:
- Its name and number
- What it’s all about/what it aims to do
- Reasons why it’s important – i.e. what problems were there that it’s trying to solve? Why do we even need it?
- How progress towards it will contribute to global health and sustainable human development
I’ll update with more resources and details in a new thread early next year. Hopefully VCAA will have actually announced the change by then -.-
Well. There go my tutoring days, then. Well played, VCAA!
As nerdy as it sounds, I was dreading the end of 2015 for exactly this reason hahahah
What is the relationship between life expectancy and wealth?
Generally, the higher your level of income, the longer you are expected to live.While this is absolutely correct , would like to mention that if this were a question you may need to go more in depth. Like why is it that high income equals longer life span? Perhaps because if someone has a higher income they often have increased access to healthcare ( because the barrier to access "costs" is reduced ) which in turn increase the ability to detect , diagnose and treat diseases and illnesses earlier before they worsen and become fatal, and therefore resulting in a longer lifespan and overall increases life expectancy.
Higher socioeconomic status generally equals a longer lifespan.
While this is absolutely correct , would like to mention that if this were a question you may need to go more in depth.
John, due to staying in the hospital for the past 3 weeks, has not been able to properly adjust to starting school. This means that John's mental health will be compromised as his learning will be delayed. He may also feel upset about missing out. John's physical and social health will also change as he cannot make new friends, interact with people his own age, or play with anyone.So, relating this to your question:
This is an overall explanation of how to answer a very large proportion of HHD questions! [This is no complicated formula - it's just basic common sense]
So probably 60% of HHD questions are exactly this type:
Explain the impact of X [some factor or other] on Y [some facet of health or human development].
You then answer the question by simple, logical reasoning, like this: X leads to ___ which leads to ____ which leads to Y.
(i.e. you state what X is and reason out how it then impacts on Y)
I like shorthanding answers with arrows, so it looks like:
X --> ___ --> ___ --> Y
For example:
Spending time in a children's hospital means that John cannot interact with other children and participate in his school community, reducing his social health.
Boils down to:
Spends time in children's hospital (X) ---> can't interact/ participate ---> poor social health (Y).
This is a very simple example, and in more complicated questions, you'll need a lot more links in between (it's really important to make sure that each arrow step makes sense and doesn't 'jump' leaving a gap; in this case, that would be saying 'spends time in children's hospital --> poor social health', where you don't fully explain how step 1 leads to step 2).
So, relating this to your question:
Your answer is good, and you address all dimensions of health (great!) and definitely do the X --> Y thing. But to make it even cleaner, you could change the order so that it flows really, really clearly and logically.
For instance, you dump 'he may also feel upset about missing out' after describing mental health (so the examiner has to 'guess' that you're saying it impacts mental health). The description would simply be smoother if your logic was carefully planned and you go: As John can't go to school, he may feel upset about missing out, [could even put another step here linking to words from mental health definition], compromising his mental health.
Or in shorthand: Can't go to school --> upset about missing out --> poor mental health.
Similarly, you kinda skip a step when you say 'John's physical... health will change as he cannot make new friends...' This doesn't explain how not making new friends will impact his physical health, so the examiner has to fill it in - and they won't give you marks for what they add in. Don't leave gaps in your logic.
P.S. Good answer though, I'm just theory-dumping :P
Thanks!
The trouble I have though is having enough time to write down all the steps in between. Last year, half the year level didn't finish the HHD Unit 2 exam. I know I'm going to be short on time.
Is this just something that will come with practice?
Thanks again! :)
In regards to data analysis questions, where a graph or some data is provided, is there any specific way to structure your answer? especially when it comes to identifying 2 or 3 trends and justifying each trend with data, my answers just become too long :(
For Health adjusted life expectancy, how is it determined? Is it determined after someone has died or at any age like life expectancy. For example, Bob is a 40 year old male and has a life expectancy of 80 but a HALE of 76. Does this mean that he is expected to be in ill health for 4 years?
The definition of years of life lost (YLL) is given as: a measure of how many years of expected life are lost due to premature death.
Does the 'expected life' refer to just life expectancy or HALE? YLL + YLD = DALY so I would think that it refers to HALE rather than life expectancy since one DALY equals one year of HEALTHY LIFE lost.
Life expectancy, because 'expected life' includes all of it, healthy or not
someone please verify this
I don't really understand what this question is asking me to do?
Explain two ways that each of the following could contribute to variations in health status among individuals and population groups:
a) Overweight/obesity
b) Hypertension
c) High cholesterol levels
Any and all help is appreciated! Thanks. :)
Few questions:
- when giving the official definition word for word, do you have to state the WHO, year part at the end?
- do you need to memorise specific statistics like mortality rates for colorectal cancer has fallen 49 percent since the 1980s?
- when asked to explain burden of disease for example, can I just give the official definition?
Thanks in advance for all help : ))
Few questions:
- when giving the official definition word for word, do you have to state the WHO, year part at the end?
- do you need to memorise specific statistics like mortality rates for colorectal cancer has fallen 49 percent since the 1980s?
- when asked to explain burden of disease for example, can I just give the official definition?
Thanks in advance for all help : ))
I'm not 100% sure about number 1 (although I'm pretty sure the answer is no).
For number 2, definitely not!
And for number 3, yeas just give the official definition, no need to explain further. :)
1. I don't believe so. If you're concerned about it, though, it would do no harm. Which specific definitions are you referencing?
2. Not a chance. If you need to speak about specific statistics in the exam or in SACs, they will always be provided.
3. A hesitant yes; I think it depends a little on the number of marks the question is worth. If it's just one mark, the definition should suffice. If two or three, you might like to provide an example or try to explain further. But I think this would be pretty unusual, and the definition should be fairly safe.
Yeah, basically this.
Thanks you! Can you please give me an example of a 3 mark question asking to explain burden of disease?
It would just be like, explain burden of disease, with 3 marks attached :P
But in that case, you'd probably be wanting to talk about the difference between YLL and YLD; if you felt like overdoing it, you could illustrate with examples (e.g. the BOD from, say, mental health is made up mainly of YLD, whereas in cancer it's mainly YLL (I think? don't even know hahaha, making up me stats like a pro))
Hi Bangali, thank you for your answer! Another question, is there an official definition for mortality. The definition in the text book is "deaths in a population", however I feel like it won't get me full marks if asked to define mortality.
Edit: One more question, how does mortality rates affect life expectancy?
Is memorizing and just doing practice questions from textbook and checkpoints, good revision techniquesYeah, probably fine, as long as you understand what you're memorising. And with things like costs and determinants, if you're rote-learning stuff, you're doing it the wrong way.
do I need to know the role of each nutrient ie: role of calcium, vitamin d, and do I need to know the health promotion program for each NHPA in detail? and lastly, do I need to know any statistics for reasons of selection of each NHPA?
Yeah, probably fine, as long as you understand what you're memorising. And with things like costs and determinants, if you're rote-learning stuff, you're doing it the wrong way.
A good way can simply be to go through each NHPA in turn and ask yourself this set of questions (closed book):
- What are the key features?
- Why was it chosen?
- What are the costs (direct, indirect and intangible to individual and community)?
- What are 5+ determinants that act as risk factors, and why are they risk factors?
- What health promotion program can I talk about, and what's it about?
Then for each nutrient:
- What are 1-2 functions?
- What are 3-4 main food sources?
And for each of the five conditions you have to relate to nutrients:
- What nutrients act as risk factors, and how?
- What nutrients act as protective factors, and how?
Any time you can't answer one of these questions, welp, you know what to study. Doing this should cover basically everything you need to study. This works for other SACs and exam revision too.
Yes, Yes, and No.
With health promotion programs, though, you can often boil it down into a few dot-points, e.g.
- Shape Up
- Aus Govt
- iphone app, 12 week meal planner
- articles on website
- ... and just a couple more details, and then you can pad it out into full explanatory paragraphs including how it aims to impact the NHPA, which sound detailed but in reality rely on 5-6 little fragments of information you learnt :P
- What do I need to know for each NHPA?
- What do I need to know for each health promotion program?
- What is the difference between explaining and justifying a health promotion program?
- What statistics do I have to remember? I remember my teacher talking about stats regarding to the NHPA's contribution to burden of disease.
- Are there official definitions of the each NHPA? If so, are they needed?
- How do I explain the reason for the selection of a NHPA?
Hello! Another question; when giving an official definition, do I use the one in the "Advice for teachers" or the one given by the official organisation. For example, WHO's definition of mental health is slightly different to VCAA's.Advice for teachers; dodgy as this is, with VCE, you stick by the system not by the truth. :P
Edit: another question; is this a good answer to "explain the NHPA injury prevention and control"That's fine, though it could be more concise (so it's easier to learn), e.g.
Injuries are defined as adverse affects on the human body that result from a range of different events. Such events could be accidental (e.g drowning and sporting injuries) or intentional (self-harm and violence). The NHPA itself addresses the effects of injuries, aiming to reduce the impact of injuries to both the individual and community.
I was just wondering if Worksafe is a Health Promotion program? This is for the NHPA of "Injury Prevention and Control"
Check with your teacher to be 100% sure. But I'm pretty sure it is!Thanks, unfortunately my teacher hasn't replied yet, so I've decided to go with "National Binge Drinking Strategy"
Hi guys,
I have a SAC coming up around the 2nd week of May on Models of Health, Health promotion ie: The role of Vic health in promoting health and Australia's healthcare system, there are more to this, but this is just a overview of what will be assessed in the Sac.
So, what should I do to revise between now and the upcoming Sac?
Should I read through the textbook and understand concepts?..memorize definitions after understanding it?
Do practice questions ie: VCAA ones and possibly a practice SAC?
Write notes and summarize key information and defintions on cue cards??
Tips??
Sorry for the long post and asking a lot of questions...
Thanks
Could someone please help me with these questions, thanks in advance ;)
1) How does polyunsaturated fats and monounsaturated fats decrease the chance of Diabetes Mellitus?
2) Do we need to know the process of ossification?
Hi,
I need help with these questions, (Cambridge VCE HHD pg. 203,205 and 216)
1.Explain how the Ottawa charter represents the principles of the social model of health.
2. Discuss how the Sunsmart Schools initiative reflects the elements or priority action areas outlined in the Ottawa Charter.
Key Questions (Pg. 216 of textbook)
3.Identify the commitment of Vic Health.
4.Explain the steps that the Australian government has taken to implement the aims of the Ottawa Charter for Health promotion.
5.Explain Vic Health's focus/strategic imperatives
Thanks
Could someone please help me with these questions, thanks in advance ;)
1) How does polyunsaturated fats and monounsaturated fats decrease the chance of Diabetes Mellitus?
Hi,
Just wondering what scores are necessary to achieve a 45+ and possibly a 50?
So far I'm on 30/30 for my first SAC, and 28/30 for my second.
I'm doing 3/4 as a year 11 so I really want to do well, so I just want to know what scores I'll be needing.
Thanks!
Hello! For the question "Explain how Medicare may influence the health status of Australians (3 marks)", how would you structure it? I was thinking about having a brief explanation of medicare, a general statement saying that it increases health status, and an example of how it increases health status (linking medicare to health status indicators). But Engage Wiki suggested that you sjpi;d have a brief statement explaining medicare, a general impact of medicare on health and a link to health status of Australians. This structure is very different from mine, but do you think I would still get the full marks if I wrote it my way? Thanks in advance for all help : )
Making acronyms helped me heaps for that SAC :D
this
eg. Bad Cats Smell Dead Rats for the Ottawa Charter
Build healthy public policy
Create supportive environments
Strengthen community action
Develop personal skills
Reorient health services
there are endless possibilities, definitely make some of your own (very effective since I still remember the ones I used now)
Can someone please help me.
Is it true that that topic for Sustainable Development Goals has changed?
Apparently it's gone from 8 goals up to 18 !!!!!! please help! is this true? What is a good way to remember all 18?
I recently got my latest Health SAC results back and to say the least, my result has really put me off. I got a 77% which isn't the worst yet I can't help but feel really disappointed. Despite Health being my favourite subject, the ranking of the cohort and the pressure to get a study score of 40+ is really disheartening. And I feel like getting 40+ is unattainable for me now. What do you guys do to get out of this state of mind?? What can I do to change things?
Thank you so much, I appreciate all the advice I can get! ^.^
(and don't be afraid to hit me with the cold hard truth)
Welcome to ATAR Notes, firstly. :) Stick around!
The cold hard truth, you reckon? Well, here are my thoughts:
Firstly, if you have a look around the Victorian Technical Score Discussion section, you will find that raw SAC scores mean very little. Like, very little. And they're very hard to compare. A 40+ study score is by no means unattainable; from what you've said, a 50 study score is by no means unattainable.
But to respond to your post more directly, I feel you. Getting scores back that you're disappointed with sucks. Really, it does. But as you say, 77% isn't objectively poor, and I'll just emphasise again here that raw scores really mean diddly squat. I understand that you're disappointed, but why not take this opportunity to improve? Why did you lose those marks? What can you improve on for the exam? I strongly suggest that you try to take the feedback as a positive thing rather than a negative thing. That might be hard, I know, but feeling angry or frustrated or disappointed or whatever else won't necessarily improve things.
My main point is that yeah, you might be disappointed at your 77%, but it really doesn't mean much. And a subsequent lack of motivation to improve and do well in your next SAC is going to be a lot more detrimental to your eventual study score than that 77% ever will be. Does that make sense? I understand the pressure and whatnot, but you can do this. Keep pushing yourself, keep working hard, and you will do well. There's no point thinking about ifs and buts at this stage; just do your best and the results will come.
Your time and wise words are very much appreciated :D Laugh at me but I'm actually very tempted to hang your reply up somewhere in my room. In particular, the line that most resonated with me: "There's no point thinking about ifs and buts at this stage; just do your best and the results will come." I definitely feel a lot better now! Thank you!!
I have 2 questions;
1.What is a limitation of the Mortality strata?
2. What are the 4 human development indicators? ( I feel like I know this questions answer but I am not sure. Is it Life Expectancy, Mean years of school, Expected years of schooling and Gross National Income?)
I have 2 questions;
1.What is a limitation of the Mortality strata?
2. What are the 4 human development indicators? ( I feel like I know this questions answer but I am not sure. Is it Life Expectancy, Mean years of school, Expected years of schooling and Gross National Income?)
With the morality strata, it's calculated afrom how high, or low, U5MR and adult male mortality is. But how do you know when something is low, very low or high?
Welcome anotherworld2b :D Are you doing HHD 1/2? This sort of question would never, ever be on the HHD 3/4 exam. Unfortunately my memory of 1/2 HHD was is rusty and we never had to learn that much anyway :P
I'm not doing HHD but i was referred here from the biology question thread.This question is part of an assignment which is pretty difficult for meYeah that's understandably difficult :/ I don't know of any VCE study design that actually contains that content haha.
Does Anyone know any acronyms for the SDG's?
Can someone please explain to me how obesity is a form of malnutrition? Is it because you assume that obesity comes from eating energy dense foods that are lacking in nutrients?
This has probably been asked before, but I want to start doing practice exams now and was wondering how many I should do each week leading up to the exam? And should I start off open book and then ease into proper exam conditions? Thanks :) :D
What are two disadvantages of multilateral aid?
I have no clue with this one because I don't see anything wrong with it 😭😭😭
And if a question asks to describe a program that focuses on HIV/AIDS for example, what must I include in my response to ensure that I get full marks for that question? Does anyone have a formula? ;D
Also, for the questions where you need to link something to global health, can you include the Physical, Social and Mental dimensions of health? Or just health status indicators?You should link it to health status indicators because global health extends beyond the individual and is more concerned about health at a population level. You don't need to mention all the dimensions of health (physical, mental, and social - because they focus on the health of individuals).
I was wondering whether this was a good response for how "Emergency Aid promotes human development"
- If people are provided basic necessities such as food and clean water it can reduce mortality and the spread of infectious diseases. This allows an environment for which individuals can develop their full potential. They can expand their choices and capabilities due to the lack of burden of morbidity and mortality.
I'm not sure it's a tough one...
Thanks so much Tas18 ;DNo worries :)
That helped heaps!!
Hi everyone, I'm a new user here but have read a fair bit of information from this very useful website.
My question is in regards to the many many definitions in the textbook.
Are there a specific set that we are meant to memorize or does VCAA expect that we learn them all?
I'm curious because in the study design, AOS 1 key knowledge states "know the meaning of burden of disease, incidence, prevalence etc." but doesn't include some definitions like "optimal health" and "chronic disease" in the key knowledge or key skills.
I'm asking because if I can direct my focus to less words, then I can remember these better which is much more effective than learning words that aren't examinable.
Thanks in advance! 8)
Hey everyone,
Are these the priorities of the Australian government's aid initiatives?
1. Agricultural and water management practices
2. Education and health
3. Effective governance
4. Gender equality and empowerment of women and girls
5. Infrastructure, trade facilitation and international competitiveness
6. Resilience and capacity building
Do we need to know the difference between soluble and insoluble fibre?
Hey Guys!
Would we be asked to define mortality rate?
Yes!
Cool!!
So would this definition be ok?
The measure of the proportion who die in a one-year period (usually 100 000).
Or would it be the same as the definition of mortality?
Do we need to know the ways in which Medicare is funded? If so, what are they? Because I looked online and I got:
- Hospital Insurance (HI) Trust Fund
- Supplementary Medical Insurance (SMI) Trust Fund
Is this what we need to know or something else? Because I never learnt this during class.
Thanks!
Medicare is funded through:
1. General taxation
2. The Medicare Levy (a tax most people in Australia pay contributing to Medicare)
3. The Medicare Levy Surcharge (an ADDITIONAL tax to the Medicare Levy on high income earners)
Note: The Medicare Levy Surcharge is also a Private Health Insurance Incentive
Hope this helped!
Can food security be used as a social determinant for rural area differences? I said
"Often people in outer regional areas are more likely to buy canned foods than those is major cities due to lower amounts of fresh foods available."
My teacher told me that we still need to know specific information about the three nutrition surveys:
National Children's nutrition and physical activity survey (2007)
National Nutrition Survey (1995)
Victorian Population Health Survey (2010)
Is this necessary? I know about the uses of nutrition surveys, the limitations of nutrition surveys, what they aim to achieve, how they promote healthy eating, but do we actually need to know these three surveys?
Just dropping in to say that I'm going to stick round to field any questions between now and the exam - sorry for my absence from this thread!
Best of luck in your last few days. :]
I remember this issue myself! I crammed a little info about each the day of the exam just to be safe, but that was because I was aiming for a 50 - I reckon for the 45+ mark I'd just learn those names + years and spend the rest of my time checking I was solid with the rest of the course. I've never seen a question on that before, ever. :)
Just dropping in to say that I'm going to stick round to field any questions between now and the exam - sorry for my absence from this thread!
Best of luck in your last few days. :]
What do you think the best thing is to be doing for this last week? I've just been doing practise exams and I don't see much improvement, what should I be doing?
Do we need to know anything about social development and do we need to memorise the definition of food security?
Hi guys, can someone please dot point a brief outline for all the points we should mention when describing a program for NHPAs and the programs for addressing global issues (such as HIV/Malaria etc)
Also, do we need to know NGO programs that are already implemented?
What does a question mean when it asks justify? Please give a example
Does anyone have any tips on what to do on the day of the exam?? Health will be my first year 12 exam (I'm year 11) and I'm a little nervous. :P I feel like I'm going to be freaking out all day.
Do we need to know the names of the priorities of the Australian Government’s aid program
Like "Infrastructure, trade facilitation and international competitiveness" word for word or could it be shortened to "Infrastructure, trade and international competitiveness"??
Thanks :) :D
What are some disadvantages/limitations of:
- medicare
- PBS
- Australian Dietary Guidelines
- Private Health Insurance?
When a question asks about interrelationships between health and human development and it is 4 marks how should we approach it?
When a question asks about interrelationships between health and human development and it is 4 marks how should we approach it?
'The term ‘interrelationship’ implies a two-way relationship. For example, the interrelationship between health and human development includes how health can impact human development and how human development can impact health. Use the mark allocation to determine how much detail is required and ensure meaningful links are made between these concepts.'
This is from the 2016 VCE exam guide from the herald sun.
http://www.heraldsun.com.au/news/special-features/news-in-education/2016-vce-exam-guide--health--human-development-practise-brainstorm-and-seek-feedback/news-story/012fe9a1adb3078d0a94eb0e3eae0113
So for a question asking interrelationships for health, human development and sustainability, would you make 6 links?
Thanks. Another question what do you write for why is x SDG important?
It's usually specific to each SDG. For example when discussing SDG 1 'No Poverty', depending on the mark allocation, that's how many dot points you use.
1 - Lower rates of poverty in relation to food intake can increase the immune system (especially for children), therefore achieving this goal increases health outcomes
2 - If regions are less poverty stricken, there is likely to be more children in school, leading to higher education rates (enhancing their capabilities)
3 - Less poverty furthermore can lead to more employment (due to less sickness), increasing GNI per capita and promoting economic sustainability
4 - Lastly if citizens have access to nutritious foods due to less poverty, they are likely to have a healthy weight; decreasing the risk of non-communicable diseases and subsequently increasing life expectancy and HALE
I doubt this question would be more than 4 marks. You have to basically make points like this specific to each SDG, but you can often interrelate them (eg - SDG 1 and 2).
Hope this made sense! :)
So for these questions, do I link to global health and human development? Or is it something I memorise for each goal?
Could someone please explain what information we need to know for the WHO priorities, and perhaps with some examples?
I was thinking...
- Name of priority
Explain
(e.g....
Name: Universal health coverage
Explain: Providing access to healthcare at an affordable cost for everyone regardless of their ability to pay. Families should not have to experience poverty to pay for healthcare.)
Anything else?
Two questions.
Firstly, in area of study 1, unit 3, I noticed that in my SACs when we were asked for "variations in health status between males and females" we didn't actually have to link to a health indicator.
We could just say "females experience more long-term mental health issues than males." Is this right? If so, can we also use things like higher rates of diabetes type 2, obesity, etc. for these variations in health status?
Another thing, I've seen some sample answers for explaining how a specific determinant of health (in this case let's say behavioural) can contribute to (something) being structured like this -
Behavioural Determinant: "Tobacco consumption: people living in rural and remote areas are more likely to smoke, therefore... etc."
Can we answer it like this? Or does it have to be in sentence form, e.g. "the determinant of tobacco consumption relates to people living in rural and remote areas as they are more likely to smoke, therefore...etc."
I've been told to know 1 or 2 ways in which WHO works in those areas. The key knowledge dot point is "the agenda of WHO in promoting global health...". Key word here is "promoting", implying knowledge of a how and the actions WHO takes to further its agenda. For your example (advancing universal health coverage), you could say that WHO funds and advises on healthcare infrastructure building projects. Thus, ensuring healthcare facilities for all to access. A more specific example also wouldn't hurt (e.g building hospitals).
Always refer to a health status indicator when it's asking about health status. You shouldn't had gotten the mark if you just said "females experience more mental health issues than males". If you said something like "long term mental illness morbidity is higher in females than males", than sure. Regarding the detrrmiants question, yes. It's actually encouraged as it makes life easier for your examiner.
Now for a question of my own :P; how do you answer 2-4 mark sustainable human development questions? Do you just link to sustainability and human development?
What would be an acceptable description for the Ottawa Charter For Health Promotion?
What would be an acceptable description for the Ottawa Charter For Health Promotion?Health promotion - The process of enabling people to increase control over, and improve their health.
I've been told to know 1 or 2 ways in which WHO works in those areas. The key knowledge dot point is "the agenda of WHO in promoting global health...". Key word here is "promoting", implying knowledge of a how and the actions WHO takes to further its agenda. For your example (advancing universal health coverage), you could say that WHO funds and advises on healthcare infrastructure building projects. Thus, ensuring healthcare facilities for all to access. A more specific example also wouldn't hurt (e.g building hospitals).
You should answer sustainable human development questions by talking about health (either individual e.g. mental/physical/social or for a population e.g. health status indicators). Then talk about human development and then about sustainability. Make sure to link all of these elements to the scenario too!
In the 2015 VCAA exam there was this question: "Describe one program, developed by a non-government organisation, that may address
sodium consumption."
What study design point would that come under? I didn't think we had to know specific programs by NGOs??
i think it would be this one;
• the role of Australia’s non-government agencies, including Nutrition Australia, in providing dietary
advice to promote healthy eating.
Isn't that a bit overkill for a 2-4 mark question though :o?
If someone could answer a few of these questions that would be awesome!
- What are some findings from Nutrition Surveys (other than excessive sodium consumption)?
- What does it mean when we have to use nutrition as a 'determinant of health'?
- Do we have to know the Ottawa Charter prerequisites? (eg - peace, shelter, food, etc)
- What are some PROGRAMS run by Nutrition Australia (not food selection tools)?
- What are examples of social and economic development & humanitarian assistance provided by the UN?
- Are 6 mark Sustainable Human Development and 6 mark interrelationship questions the same thing?
- If not, what is the difference?
Sorry for the array of questions! Thanks in advance
Hey guys do we need to know how the priorities of DFAT link to global health or either sustainable human development? Because there has been no questions like that on any of the SAC's. thanks in advance :)
Wouldn't say its over kill for a 4 mark question, also do you have a question relating to sustainable human development which is only worth 2 marks? ???
Could you provide examples for the other five agendas? I don't have any access to how WHO achieves its agenda
Also do we need to know anything about the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme other than a description?
In the 2015 VCAA exam there was this question: "Describe one program, developed by a non-government organisation, that may address
sodium consumption."
What study design point would that come under? I didn't think we had to know specific programs by NGOs??
Do we need to know the names of the priorities of the Australian Government’s aid program
Like "Infrastructure, trade facilitation and international competitiveness" word for word or could it be shortened to "Infrastructure, trade and international competitiveness"??
Thanks :) :D
Do we need to know the WHO regions, and if so, to what degree?
I usually do example - health - human development - sustainability - health/human development
and then in-between each make links like "by being free of illness, people can have adequate energy levels available to attend school, impacting on human development as..." and "improvements in health and human development impact on sustainability as..."
- What are some findings from Nutrition Surveys (other than excessive sodium consumption)?
- What does it mean when we have to use nutrition as a 'determinant of health'?
- Do we have to know the Ottawa Charter prerequisites? (eg - peace, shelter, food, etc)
- What are some PROGRAMS run by Nutrition Australia (not food selection tools)?
- What are examples of social and economic development & humanitarian assistance provided by the UN?
- Are 6 mark Sustainable Human Development and 6 mark interrelationship questions the same thing?
- If not, what is the difference?
Hey guys this is in the key knowledge of unit 3 in the study design "health status of Australians compared with populations in other developed countries" and im wondering do we need to know this off the top of our heads or is this gonna be in an application type question, such as in a graph. Cause i dont quite understand how we'd be expected to remember random statistics of health status between developed countries, even if it is only 5 countries
Is anyone that is aiming for a 40+ studying this?
I'm not sure if we'll need it, it almost seems to be a repeat OF the goals themselves... :/
The SDGs resolve to... (What would this even come under as a question? This is why I'm doubting it)
1. End poverty and hunger
2. Promote health and wellbeing
3. Combat inequalities within and among countries
4. Build peaceful, just and inclusive societies
5. Protect human rights, and
6. Promote gender equity and empowerment of women and girls
Firstly, in area of study 1, unit 3, I noticed that in my SACs when we were asked for "variations in health status between males and females" we didn't actually have to link to a health indicator.
We could just say "females experience more long-term mental health issues than males." Is this right? If so, can we also use things like higher rates of diabetes type 2, obesity, etc. for these variations in health status?
Another thing, I've seen some sample answers for explaining how a specific determinant of health (in this case let's say behavioural) can contribute to (something) being structured like this -
Behavioural Determinant: "Tobacco consumption: people living in rural and remote areas are more likely to smoke, therefore... etc."
Can we answer it like this? Or does it have to be in sentence form, e.g. "the determinant of tobacco consumption relates to people living in rural and remote areas as they are more likely to smoke, therefore...etc."
Now for a question of my own :P; how do you answer 2-4 mark sustainable human development questions? Do you just link to sustainability and human development?
What would you guys suggest to use as Programs for the NHPA's that may overlap e.g Cardiovascular Health, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity?
I was wondering if someone could please clarify Private health insurance. So this is a health care scheme that is NOT funded by the federal government or is it? (I'm getting mixed information here)
There are three incentives to get people to take out PHI- is this also how it is funded?
eg.
- the medicare levy 2%surcharge- which is paid by those who have not taken out PHI, this is means tested.
- The lifetime health cover, where individuals are encouraged to take out PHI before the age of 30 years or pay extra
- the federal government premium rebate; this is where people may be eligible to receive a rebate on their PHI premium based on their age and income.
THANK YOU
Another question sorry!
Could some please outline the functions for
monounsaturated fats,
polyunsaturated,
trans
saturated fats?
Also, could someone describe the main difference between poly and monounsaturated fats?
Thank you!
So Medicare, public health, is funded by the government. Individuals fund private health insurance - they pay premiums to a health insurance company and then if they have to use certain private services (according to how much they've paid/their level of cover) then the company will pay some of the fees for those services.
Often the government pays some of it (the rebate), which is part of trying to get more people to take out private cover. Those incentives are just three things the government's introduced to try and get more people to take out private cover.
The govt wants people to pay for private insurance because then they won't use Medicare/the public system so much, which the government has to fund.
> Mono: lowers LDL levels in the blood
> Poly: helps blood circulation (omega 3 fatty acids) and regulates blood pressure/clotting and a healthy immune system (omega 6 fatty acids)
> Saturated: raises LDL levels
> Trans: raises LDL and lowers HDL levels
That's my memory, anyway :P
Hi I've come across a question in my revision booklet and it says 'What is the mission of VicHealth?' And it lists 5 dot points... just wondering how I would go about answering this?
normally these question are assocaiated with a program and ask "how does this program reflect Vichealths mission" here you would use key words from the mission to show this.
SO for example answering your question you would use words like "in parnership with other promotes good health", " recognises that social and economic factors influence health', 'aim to prevent chronic conditions', 'aim to promotes fairness and oppurtunity" this program "supports initiative that assist individuals, workplaces and communites improve wellbeing"
hope this helps :) :)
THANK YOU SO MUCH! I was also wondering if it wasn't to much to ask if i could PM you with some response? it's totally fine if you busy cause their is a few... thank you !! :) :)
For NGOs, do we just need to know about 3 or 4 and be able to briefly describe them and what they do?
Hi I've come across a question in my revision booklet and it says 'What is the mission of VicHealth?' And it lists 5 dot points... just wondering how I would go about answering this?
normally these question are assocaiated with a program and ask "how does this program reflect Vichealths mission" here you would use key words from the mission to show this.
SO for example answering your question you would use words like "in parnership with other promotes good health", " recognises that social and economic factors influence health', 'aim to prevent chronic conditions', 'aim to promotes fairness and oppurtunity" this program "supports initiative that assist individuals, workplaces and communites improve wellbeing"
hope this helps :) :)
What would be some similarities and differences between PHI and PBS?
Do we need to know a separate program safe water and sanitation?
I'm sure others can build on these answers, but:
Why not post the responses here? :) That way, you're more likely to get a response, and it's of greater benefit for all involved. :) It may also lighten the load on Heidi a little! (I'll help out if I can; I 50ed, but it was fours years ago.)
I think that would be sufficient.
I'm not 100% sure what you mean. If there's a question that asks for VicHealth's mission, though, that's all you need to provide. From memory, it may have changed a couple of years ago - is this where the confusion comes in? Please pull me up on this; I'm not really sure what you're asking (totally my bad). :-\
Good answer. Depending on how much the question is worth, I might also chuck in relevant examples from the case study (so like, directly quote where relevant).
I'm going to palm this one off to the relevant page of the Engage Wiki because it's been a while, and to answer this properly I'd have to go back and revise the material anyway.
I can't answer definitively, but I believe my one covered both. If you go in knowing just one and for some reason the exam asks for different ones for safe water and sanitation (unlikely IMO), make it up.
Can someone provide an example of multilateral and NGO aid?
Hello! If you don't mind, could you please give a second opinion on one of my previously answered questions. It's the one regarding how to answer 2-4 mark sustainable human development questions. Thanks :) :)
how do you answer 2-4 mark sustainable human development questions? Do you just link to sustainability and human development?
Can someone provide an example of multilateral and NGO aid?
hi guys! how would we explain how DFAT achieves the following priorities? do we just provide like a defintion or do we have to provide actual examples ? (if its just defintion would some please be able to provide some defintions?)I haven't learned specific definitions for these -- I just have a general understanding of what they mean (e.g. education and health is about promoting the quality of and accessibility of education and health (such as health professionals, immunisations) in developing countries in order to eradicate poverty and promote health and human development), so I'd also like to know if a strict "definition" is worth knowing.
- Infrastructure, trade facilitation and international competitiveness:
- Agriculture , fisheries and water:
- Education and health:
- Gender equality; empowering women and girls:
- Building resilience, humanitarian assistance, disaster risk reduction and social protection:
- Effective governance; policies, institutions and functioning economies:
Thank you
I haven't learned specific definitions for these -- I just have a general understanding of what they mean (e.g. education and health is about promoting the quality of and accessibility of education and health in developing countries in order to eradicate poverty and promote health and human development), so I'd also like to know if a strict "definition" is worth knowing.
As for how, when in doubt just say DFAT funds programs associated with promoting these areas (since this is what the priority areas are for) or sends specialised personnel to help promote x. For example, sending trained economists to work with the government of a developing countr in order to address the "functioning economies" part of effective governance.
btw don't take me 100% on this, I'm just basing this off of what I'd do.
If you've asked a question check through my entire posts because an answer to yours is probably hidden in there somewhere haha :)
1. Eh, wouldn't bother learning this
2. It means - how does it impact/determine your health? e.g. how does having too much saturated fat or too little soluble fibre impact your health? (Remember, nutrition is a behavioural determinant of health).
3. I'd recommend knowing a couple just in case they ask for examples, so like you can just pull out 'peace' and 'shelter' and you'll be fine.
4.
5. Social/economic development: the sustainable development goals (name specific ones that link with S&E development); UN Women; UNICEF to look after children; Humanitarian assistance - the World Food Programme, the help they give in emergencies to countries like Syria in crisis.
6 and 7. They're different - for interrelationship questions you *specifically* have to draw links (e.g. how poor health leads to poor human development). For just SHD questions I'd still draw links anyway to be safe but I don't think you'll have marks taken off if you don't.
In regard to 6 mark interrelationship questions, I believe that my teacher has taught be the incorrect structure; as I have just been talking about how H, HD and S are promoted (not interrelated) and she's been giving me 6 marks. For the exam, I am now unsure about what structure to use, so if someone could recommend which is better (and more efficient) out of the following:
Structure 1 (note this structure is quite time consuming and usually I have to use the back page)
Relate H to HD
Relate H to S
Relate HD to H
Relate HD to S
Relate S to H
Relate S to HD
Structure 2
Discuss health (for example less illness)
Link health to HD (eg - less illness leads to more participation in the community and enhances capabilities)
Link HD to S (eg - more participation in the community can lead to more employment, increasing GNI and economic sust.)
Link S back to H (by ensuring economic sust. food security will increase, strengthening the immune system)
Please let me know if any other structures are more appropriate! Thanks.
Do we need to know the objectives of AusAID? It came up in the 2012 exam (Section B question 6.a). I looked through the study design and AusAID isn't mentioned anywhere. So does that mean we don't need to know an NGO with which AusAID works and the rest of question 6 from 2012 Section B?
For NGOs, do we just need to know about 3 or 4 and be able to briefly describe them and what they do?
Hi I've come across a question in my revision booklet and it says 'What is the mission of VicHealth?' And it lists 5 dot points... just wondering how I would go about answering this?
How would you define aid agencies?
And why do they provide aid?
Structure 2
Discuss health (for example less illness)
Link health to HD (eg - less illness leads to more participation in the community and enhances capabilities)
Link HD to S (eg - more participation in the community can lead to more employment, increasing GNI and economic sust.)
Link S back to H (by ensuring economic sust. food security will increase, strengthening the immune system)
Please let me know if any other structures are more appropriate! Thanks.
If asked to define the World Health Organisation, how could I go about it?
If the question was worth 1 mark, at the top of my head I'd be able to say something like...
The World Health Organisation is the United Nations agency to promote good health. It is also an international organisation that distributes multilateral aid to countries most in need.
I haven't learned specific definitions for these -- I just have a general understanding of what they mean (e.g. education and health is about promoting the quality of and accessibility of education and health (such as health professionals, immunisations) in developing countries in order to eradicate poverty and promote health and human development), so I'd also like to know if a strict "definition" is worth knowing.
As for how, when in doubt just say DFAT funds programs associated with promoting these areas (since this is what the priority areas are for) or sends specialised personnel to help promote x. For example, sending trained economists to work with the government of a developing countr in order to address the "functioning economies" part of effective governance.
btw don't take me 100% on this, I'm just basing this off of what I'd do.
Is this it? I don't know, really - I'm not sure that there's a formula as such. I'd be surprised if there were a full-blown SHD question worth only two marks. Regardless, for 2-4 marks I'd personally go something like:
1. Impact on health
2. Subsequent impact on human development
3. Impact on sustainability
4. Tie it all together
I had a habit of over-writing, so I'd probably do that even for a two-mark question just to be sure. I'm happy for this to be disputed, though.
Hello again! I did a bit of digging and found an answer to my question; thought you (and others) might want to know. In one of TSSM's practice exams, a 3 mark question asked how might X program impact on SHD. The answer guide said 1 mark was for a link to human development, another for sustainability, and the last for one to the program.
Does anyone know where i can get the answers to the health and human development VCAA sample exam?? :)
I reckon just know 3-4 names, and probably one program that one of them does.
Would you say this would suffice?
Non-government organisation:
Tabitha Foundation Australia
Program: Cottage industry
- Provides suffering people with small jobs and enables women to earn a steady income by making and selling handicrafts
Program: Wells programs
- Provides safe and reliable water to families and communities to prevent diseases and encourage agriculture growth
Other mentionable NGOs
- World Vision Australia
Australian Red Cross
Oxfam Australia
That's great, just make sure you can pad out the two programs with more 'details' if you're asked for an NGO program ;)
Thank you so much for all your time and quick responses :) It's really helped me get through the last week. Although I'm aiming for a 45, a 50 like you would be just awesome.
Hey guys, do we need to know all the little dot points within each model of health? Shown below:
The biomedical model of health
-focuses on risk behaviours and healthy lifestyles
-emphasises health education – changing knowledge, attitudes and skills
-focuses on individual responsibility
-treats people in isolation of their environments
The social model of health
-addresses the broader determinants of health
-involves inter-sectoral collaboration
-acts to reduce social inequities
-empowers individuals and communities
-acts to enable access to health care
Also, which Non govt. organisations do we need to know and what do we need to know about them?
Thanks so much!! :)
You don't need to know those specific points under the biomedical model: instead I'd learn the definition (The biomedical model of health focuses on physical and biological aspects of disease. It is a medical model of care practiced by doctors and health professionals, and associated with diagnosis, treatment and cure of disease), plus making sure that you understand it in general and know its advantages and disadvantages!
But the points under the social model are often tested - they're the 'priorities' or 'areas' of the social model (do you know the corresponding five action areas of the Ottawa Charter? BCSDR?) and they're quite likely to test you on them, by asking you to list a couple, describe/explain a couple, or explain how they're evident in a case study.
Ideally you'd know them word-for-word as they're quite picky with these.
The only non-govt organisation you *have* to know is Nutrition Australia; have a general overall idea of what they do/their aims, probably the Guide to Healthy Eating (I don't know that this is absolutely required though) and a program they've run, e.g. menu assessments in hospital/school/workplace canteens to make them healthier; a website that has nutrition information and advice and nutritional recipes. :)
Thank you! So is BRCSD from the Ottawa Charter the thing that you would write if they asked you for the points on the social model of health?
Also do we need to know the objectives of Nutrition Australia word for word? ('act as a source of scientific information on key nutrition issues', etc.) Or do you think we might get away with making something up on the spot? Like 'provide a scientifically backed up source of nutritional information and nutritional recommendations' or something along those lines?
Also does Nutrition Australia 'own' the Australian Dietary Guidelines, Australian Guide To Healthy Eating & Healthy Eating Pyramid? Or are they developed by someone other than Nutrition Australia?
Thanks again!! :) :)
BCSDR (Boys can swim down rivers) is what you would answer if it asks about the elements or priority areas of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion.
I don't know those objectives and I'm aiming for 45+ so I wouldn't bother.
Nutrition Australia developed the Healthy Eating pyramid.
The Dietary Guidelines and Guide to Healthy Eating are by the Federal Government.
Thank you! So is BRCSD from the Ottawa Charter the thing that you would write if they asked you for the points on the social model of health?
Also do we need to know the objectives of Nutrition Australia word for word? ('act as a source of scientific information on key nutrition issues', etc.) Or do you think we might get away with making something up on the spot? Like 'provide a scientifically backed up source of nutritional information and nutritional recommendations' or something along those lines?
Also does Nutrition Australia 'own' the Australian Dietary Guidelines, Australian Guide To Healthy Eating & Healthy Eating Pyramid? Or are they developed by someone other than Nutrition Australia?
Thanks again!! :) :)
Exam is only a few hours away, and I would sincerely like to thank everyone that has been on here both asking and answering questions, because I have learned a lot and been able to build up a lot of skills and confidence.
I wish everyone here the best of luck! Let's ace it ;)
(also special thanks to Heidi, you're a legend)
Does anyone have any quick suggestions about 'reasons' for programs, or for the SDGs?In my opinion that's a bit extensive. You just need to give a short reason relating to HS or HD for the mark. So "HIV/AIDS contributes significantly to mortality in Ethiopia thus decreasing life expectancy, therefore the program aims to reduce the mortality associated with HIV/AIDS."
E.g. could I say...?
"As HIV/AIDS is a major cause of disease burden and mortality in developing countries such as Ethiopia, causing a loss in productivity and lower life expectancy, by addressing and attempting to prevent cases of HIV the country's life expectancy and economic development will improve."
Thanks to all the responses and thanks heidiii for all the time and effort. Good luck to everyone :)
Does anyone have any quick suggestions about 'reasons' for programs, or for the SDGs?
E.g. could I say...?
"As HIV/AIDS is a major cause of disease burden and mortality in developing countries such as Ethiopia, causing a loss in productivity and lower life expectancy, by addressing and attempting to prevent cases of HIV the country's life expectancy and economic development will improve."
Thanks to all the responses and thanks heidiii for all the time and effort. Good luck to everyone :)
Can somebody please help me with this question that's about burden of disease:
"If cardiovascular disease kills more people than cancer, how is it possible that cancer contributes more YLL?"
Hi guys !
Can somebody please help me with this question that's about burden of disease:
"If cardiovascular disease kills more people than cancer, how is it possible that cancer contributes more YLL?"
Thank you so much!
What exactly do we need to know about the programs for each NHPA? e.g. aims, effectiveness etc.
Hi guys, can someone help me with this q? Describe the difference between the WHO definition and the Ottawa Charter definition of health. And just for reference - WHO definition: A complete state of mental, physical and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. Ottawa Charter definition of health: a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living. Health is a positive concept emphasising social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities.
Thank you!
Hi
For some definitions there's a date and an organisation (?) e.g. (AIHW, 2008)
Do we need to inc this in our definitions
Also what's the definition of mortality?
The number of deaths caused by a particular disease, illness or other environmental factor (includes infant, under 5, adult and maternal)
OR Relates to death. The concept of mortality is often used in relation to deaths in a population or group
OR something else
No need for the date and organization. The second definition for mortality is correct; the first is for mortality rate.
Does anyone have the answers for unit 3 and 4 key concepts hhd book the jacaranda one? it sucks how every subjects has answers except this one
For this dot point ... for the confusion :p
Would we need to know the exact definitions for the health status indicators?
Thank you :)
hi i just did a health sac for determinants of health and difference in population groups and there was a question asking to choose 2 determinants of health that would account for the difference in higher injury mortality rates in rural and remote areas when compared to metropolitan areas. one of my determinants i said that "rural and remote areas have higher rates of risk taking behavior such as drug use which increases rates of violence and therefore increases injury mortality rates when compared to metropolitan areas". i didnt receive any marks for this determinant. i have since asked why and the teacher told me she will check it out but i was wandering if this would be valid for the this population group?
Hey guys
please look through my hhd questions because I haven't done 1/2 before and I'm not sure if its correct or not
thanks so much!
Hey guys
please look through my hhd questions because I haven't done 1/2 before and I'm not sure if its correct or not
thanks so much!
Hey guys,
If a question asks me to explain a program for a NHPA such as diabetes mellitus, and I decide to use LiveLighter, do I have to give an explanation of how the program specifically addresses the NHPA? For example, LiveLighter can be used for many NHPA's, so would I be able to provide the exact same response as if I were asked to explain a program for cardiovascular health?
Hey guys,
If a question asks me to explain a program for a NHPA such as diabetes mellitus, and I decide to use LiveLighter, do I have to give an explanation of how the program specifically addresses the NHPA? For example, LiveLighter can be used for many NHPA's, so would I be able to provide the exact same response as if I were asked to explain a program for cardiovascular health?
Hey guys,
If a question asks me to explain a program for a NHPA such as diabetes mellitus, and I decide to use LiveLighter, do I have to give an explanation of how the program specifically addresses the NHPA? For example, LiveLighter can be used for many NHPA's, so would I be able to provide the exact same response as if I were asked to explain a program for cardiovascular health?
What are the health promotion programs that you could use for the NHPA Arthritis and other musculoskeletal conditions? I had Osteoporosis Australia but my teacher told me it wasn't right so now I am a bit unsure
Yeah, cause Osteoporosis Australia is an organisation rather than program. Most people use Bone Health for Life since it's from the textbook, but another good one is How Dense Are You?
What are the health promotion programs that you could use for the NHPA Arthritis and other musculoskeletal conditions? I had Osteoporosis Australia but my teacher told me it wasn't right so now I am a bit unsure
Yeah, cause Osteoporosis Australia is an organisation rather than program. Most people use Bone Health for Life since it's from the textbook, but another good one is How Dense Are You?
If i'm not rank number 1 and in a weak cohort, does that mean i cannot get a 50. Lets just say that i am rank 2 or 3, does that ruin my chance of getting a better score?It's not impossible, but it's very hard. Because you are relying on rank 1 or 2 to do extremely well and on top of that you must do good on the exam. In my opinion, especially in a weak cohort, you want to be rank 1 to have any chance in 50. With that said though, the chances of 40+ is very feasible, if you ace or do decently well, you're in for a good score.
It's not impossible, but it's very hard. Because you are relying on rank 1 or 2 to do extremely well and on top of that you must do good on the exam. In my opinion, especially in a weak cohort, you want to be rank 1 to have any chance in 50. With that said though, the chances of 40+ is very feasible, if you ace or do decently well, you're in for a good score.Thank you it's just that its difficult being rank 1 as a couple of marks separate it all
In desperate need of hhd help!!
What are the differences between the guidelines and the Australian Guide to healthy eating? xx
In desperate need of hhd help!!
What are the differences between the guidelines and the Australian Guide to healthy eating? xx
I was just wondering if anyone could tell me some advantages and disadvantages of the Dietary Guidelines?
Thanks!
Where are y'all up to in the course at the moment? :)
Starting unit 4 ch 8 which is characteristic of a developing and developed countries and classifying countries
who strata levels and human development index (: it's actually heaps more enjoyable than i thought it'd be? haha.
Hello,
I'm confused about the Medicare Safety Net and how it all works with the gap amount and out of pocket costs - have these concepts been largely tested on past exams or SACs?
Thanks :)
I read how one of the 50ers in HHD selectively learned the content to get that score. She said: for example, for social determinants she would only pick one determinant like access to health care and she would vary the reasons according to the population being discussed.. so my question is, do we lose marks for that? I remember clearly in one of my old SACs that if you've given a social determinant, they would ask for another one in the following questions.
Thanks!
When I did my determinant questions, I just made sure I had enough to cover my bases. If you want to condense information you have to learn (this can work throughout the whole course), try and find links you can use in one or more ways (eg. Biological - Body Weight works in pretty much every difference between groups questions), and just ensure you have a possible determinant for questions they can ask you. I ended up condensing my information last year so much so that I had the whole course laid out on 4 A3 pages :)
In terms of marks, they're very rarely going to ask you for more than two of one type of determinant, and if it is in a different part of the sac, from memory I think it's okay to reuse the same one.
Hope this helps!
Wow!! The whole course in just 4 pages?!? Teach me your waysss ;D I am also condensing information in an A3 book rather than just simply writing notes as a revision tool but I feel like I'm still writing too much >_< Any tips with revision and taking notes? In particular, how did you revise for the NHPAs ? Did you learn one bio, behav, phys env, and social for each or..?
1. Life expectancy at birth
2. Mean years of schooling
3. Expected years of schooling
4. Gross national income per capita
What other factors could be included in
calculating the Human Development Index of a
country?
Why might it be difficult to include other
factors in calculating the Human Development
Index?
Hi there,
what is the difference between income and GNI?
and how would you answer a question that asks 'Explain how income may contribute to differences in health status between Australia and another developing country' compared to a question that asks 'Explain how the GNI per capita could contribute to differences in human development between '" and ""'
Thank you
It was definitely a lot of hard thinking and small handwriting, but I did get there in the end! For revision, I remember having summary tables which had all the information I needed, then I would summarise each dot point of the study design to an A4 page, and then when I had done an outcome of each one, I would do an overall summary of the whole outcome on A3 (I found a photo of outcome 2 unit 4 that I attached!)
For revision, especially NHPAS, practise questions are the absolute best option! I pretty much knew a little spiel about each NHPA program off by heart, but luckily for unit 4 programs you can make them up, and then again condense your information so that you have less to learn ;)
I can't remember exactly how I remembered the determinants for NHPAs, but I think if you have a good understanding about what the NHPA is about, you can pretty much work out what determinant would affect it, like for example cardiovascular health would have some relation to obesity. The NHPA SAC was the one I'll probably always remember because I dropped two marks for writing cardiovascular disease and type two diabetes instead of cardiovascular health and diabetes mellitus, so trust me - always learn your detailed terminology!
I've gone on a tangent again, as per usual, but hopefully this helps you :)
Just a quick question, around when did u officially start exam preparation (doing papers etc.)?
Thanks!! :)
Why do you think non-communicable diseases
don’t receive a lot of attention in countries such as
Uganda where rates are higher than in Australia?
I find this a really interesting question, seeing you only really need to know the 4! But I guess you could talk about for a - gross domestic product (value of goods produced and services provided in a year), or something like employment rate or prevalence of illness, but for b - it may be difficult as the 4 main factors really cover everything - and there wouldn't need to be much else.
Yeah I know what you mean!
Both questions were from the Jacaranda textbook I have and I didn't really get why it would ask me to identify these factors that I don't need to directly know.
Most likely to secure my understanding that the initial 4 factors are the most relevant or something.
Thanks for your help ;D
Hi there,
I was wondering what the go is with 'double dipping' in health?
For example using the same determinant more than once for different NHPA questions in the same SAC/exam.
Would we not get a mark as it doesn't display a broader knowledge or is that up to individual schools for SACs?
In the exam would they ignore if we 'double dip'?
Great work in this thread! :D
A particularly big thank you to gemmaruffin, who's been smashing it! 🙌
Sorry about my relative absence here in the last week or two.
Awww, thanks! Just trying to spread knowledge and love for HHD, ya know? ;)
Oh, I know! It's a great subject. :))I actually miss it now! Everyone who's doing it in my year talks about it and all I wanna do is go smash some questions hahah :)
I actually miss it now! Everyone who's doing it in my year talks about it and all I wanna do is go smash some questions hahah :)
Please help! Confused HHD-er :(
I still haven't quite gotten my head around the elements of sustainability. I don't quite get appropriateness as an element and often confuse this with equity. Any help and explanations would be really good! Thanksss
A key thing with HHD is to try and move away from thinking of things in terms of textbook answers, and moving towards basic logical thinking - for example, rather than learning officially what makes a good program, just think logically about how it would play out in real life. Rather than learning a list of Costs Of NHPAs, just think - how does someone having cancer make us pay both money and emotionally? In this way, HHD is mostly common sense and requires much less Content Learning/"Studying" than you'd think. I didn't refer to any notes writing this, I just thought about what it meant off the top of my head, and I haven't looked at HHD notes in ages; I just used common sense.
It's a subtle difference, but in my experience makes all the difference in the world.
Does that make sense? :)
Unit 4 health and human development, the question I had was
Identify the SDG that aims to reduce under 5 mortality rate
(once I got out of the SAC I realised it was obviously SDG 3 Good Health and Wellbeing)
But silly me wrote SDG 2 Zero hunger and justified why
Would I still have lost marks for this ??
Can some explain the structure of writing a sustainable human development question as well as a global health question
When is the best time to start doing practice exams and how many?
Okay sustainable human development questions are messing with me. I'm pretty sure I get it and stuff, it's easy to write the health and human development aspects of it, it's just the sustainability bit that's getting to me.
Whenever you feel ready, and however many you feel you need.
I don't know if this answer will be satisfying for you, but it's really hard to say like "in two weeks from now, and 14!"
It changes from person to person. There are several people on this forum who did extremely well in HHD (read: raw 50 study score) having completed two or fewer practice exams.
I also scored a 50, and probably did ~30 practice exams in full.
How confident are you feeling with the material at the moment? :)
The easiest method in my opinion: link to education. If someone is educated/literate, they are more likely to ensure their child is educated/have the income to send them to school/be able to teach their child/pass down knowledge, thus ensuring future generations have more health-related knowledge and income, which is social sustainability. You can link most/all SDGs to education (let me know if you struggle with this at all), so if all else fails, go:
SDG --> improves education --> future generations more educated
If the question is about how a specific program promotes SHD, you can focus on how elements of that program are affordable/equitable/appropriate and thus sustainable, but this isn't easily possible with SDGs.
When is the best time to start doing practice exams and how many?
I started doing mine in the term 3 holidays and did about 7 or 8, including the school based ones. I got heaps of feedback on them though, so I think feedback>number, ie. if you have the choice to do one exam you can get heaps of feedback on, or 3 but no feedback, go for the one.
Unit 4 health and human development, the question I had was
Identify the SDG that aims to reduce under 5 mortality rate
(once I got out of the SAC I realised it was obviously SDG 3 Good Health and Wellbeing)
But silly me wrote SDG 2 Zero hunger and justified why
Would I still have lost marks for this ??
Hey guys - just with this I was wondering why it would be wrong to say SDG 2? Is it because SDG 3 is more specific to health that it's the best answer? Because I thought like essentially SDG 1 + SDG 2, also work to reduce U5MR e.g. for SDG 1 if there is no poverty, person can be educated + have better health knowledge when taking care of babies etc or like access to healthcare because of income?
Referring to SDG brief descriptions on the useful HHD resources forum
Hi, I was just wondering whether the brief descriptions outlined by heids are enough to give me full marks on a sac. Thank you
Hey guys! I have a question that's really bugging me!
So with the interrelationships questions for 6 marks between H, HD, AND SUS- do we answer that the same way we would a SHD question for 6 marks?
Also, in these interrelationships questions (whether that's between all 3 or just the interrelationship between health and HD, for example), for the health component, can we only mention the dimensions or also health status indicators?
(my teacher has told me that for the separate "health AND *Insert here* ..." we only use the dimensions)
Pleaseeeeee help out guys, got a SAC soon! :S
Hey guys, for interrelationships questions (health, HD and sustainability), do we need to have three links or six links?
Thanks!! :)
How many Ngo programs should we know?
Also For the DFAT Priorities would we need to know it contributes to sustainable human development and Global Health?
Thanks in Advance
What is the cut off mark in the exams?
For an A+ and an AIf you head to the graded distribution, (http://www.vcaa.vic.edu.au/Pages/vce/statistics/2016/statssect3.aspx) it will show you each cut off for all parts of the exam. This usually doesn't change too much, but by googling 'graded distribution ..(insert year)..', you'll be able to find what it's been in the past :)
Thank you, I was just wondering what it meant by 159-200 for the A+ cut off since i thought the exam was only out of 100.
Hey guysss
I had my final 3/4 sac today and I'm honestly so concerned. I feel like I did atrocious on it, I actually believe I may have gotten a D on it.
Like it was a mess, in the lessons leading up to the SAC I was doing brilliant on the revision questions, I was getting full marks and everything. But the questions on the SAC somehow threw me off. I actually had a headache which didn't help and my mind went blank frequently. Haha. In fact I actually struggled on the interrelationship questions which is weird because I had practiced those questions so many times and I had perfected it so I don't know why I spaced out on it.
Anyway one of my answers that was bothering me the most was to an "evaluate the sustainability of this program" question. For appropriateness I wrote down that the program addresses an actual issue that the people in Bangladesh face. Then going through my notes in my book after the SAC I never even wrote that "addressing an actual issue the community faces" is part of appropriateness. Do you reckon it could be considered correct?
I'm honestly so worked up about this sac. If I don't do well on it I'm actually gonna die lmao
Don't stress! Overall, one SAC won't make that much of a difference to your scores.
Also, what you wrote for appropriateness is perfect - if a program needs to be appropriate, it has to address the needs of the community, which is an actual issue they would face!
Hi! Are there a lot of essays in HHD?
Thanks! :)
Hello I'm in Year 11 and i'm hoping to do Health and Human Development 3/4 next year without doing 1/2 is that a good idea, or am I setting myself up for failure
I'm freaking out about the amount of content. Ahh
Similar to the question above, does anyone have any tips on improving quality of responses??
I find that doing practice exams and then correcting them really help. Add corrections and phrases to your current answers and copy the good answers from the solutions just to like get the general structure of how they do it.
Does anyone know if glycaemic index is in our study design? So like would we be asked to define and explain it? thanks :)
Nope. It was removed with this study design.
What is the best way to revise for Health?
I'm freaking out about the amount of content. Ahh
Similar to the question above, does anyone have any tips on improving quality of responses??
Is it better to do VCCA exams or company papers?
Also for company papers which one are the hardest?
Hey All, do we have to define "HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX" for the exam?
Do i have to know the types of dementia and mental issues covered by the NHPA?
How do i find out what terms i have to define for the health exam (2017)? I think i am trying to define everything and have no idea which words i need.
hey guys i have a few questions,
1. so i've done a few past exams which used MDGs and there are often questions like evaluate the progress made toward reaching the target relating to reducing the U5MR etc, will we be required to do this on our exam too?
2. also with questions that ask "explain a program that could combat malaria" - does this have to be a real life program or is it asking us to create one? Some exam papers give an actual real life existing program in their answer but others seem to make it up as they don't give it a name or anything specific
3. with questions like justify why this SDG is important should we give answers like:
e.g. SDG 2: zero hunger
There are millions of starving children in the world who require food (so the negatives and why the goal is needed) OR children who are fed will have stronger immune systems and this allows them to go to school and potentially break free from the poverty cycle (or what the goal can achieve?)
thank you so much!! :) :)
Hey, How do i approach the 6 mark question? What do need to include on the interrelationships between Sustainability, Health (P,M,S or STATUS?) and Human Development question and what do i need to include when talking about "sustainable Human Development" as i don't know the difference.Hey! What I have been doing for the 6 marker this year is the following format:
Also how much time should i spend on these questions as they take me 10-15 minutes sometimes (any tactic to answer them faster in order to save time as time management is a major issue for me)
Thank You
Hey everyone!
I don't know if this has been asked previously, but how do I approach a question that asks to 'describe a food security program that could be implemented by a non-govt org to reduce the proportion of undernourished people in developing countries'
hi guysHey! For costs, they definitely have to be specific to the NHPA to ensure that you don't lose any marks. I don't know if it is a have-to for reasons but I usually do it just in case :)
for NHPA questions asking about costs and reasons, would we lose marks if we didn't link our answer back to the specific NHPA? e.g. would we gain full marks if we say that 'diabetes mellitus contributes to significantly to burden of disease'? also, are there any efficient ways of remembering the risk factors for the NHPAs?
thank u :)
Hey guys, what are some examples of things that WHO does for the priority 'social, economic and environmental determinants'?
Also, how do we answer a question like 'how can the australian dietary guidelines/healthy eating pyramid/australian guide to healthy eating' be used to reduce obesity rates? or something like that.
I think developing strategies that promote development which are aimed at people in countries where poverty and isolation prevents good health can be an exampleSome other examples could be building schools, providing microfinance loans, working with member states to develop health policies. Make sure your examples are explicitly linked to one or both of these kinds of development to ensure that you get full marks. (ie: talk about education for social and money for economic etc.)
Hi guys, please give me constructive feedback on my response.Hi! Your understanding of what the priorities mean is correct. However, since this is talking about Australia's aid efforts, you need to link it to a more global impact (ie: another country, not just Australia). You could use some of the following examples:
I am unsure if I need to link the governments role to an aid example or if I can use just an australian example. If my response is ineligible which it probably is, please write another sample for me. THANK YOU
Identify two priorities of Australia's aid program and outline one role the government has played in relation to each.
Gender equality, empowering women and girls --> The Australian government has ensured that women recieve the same rights as men. For example: Women can work in the same industries as men like trade.
Education and Health --> The Australian government has incorporated health curriculum in schools. Example: Teaching kids about the dangers of alcohol which can increase levels of health.
For sustainable human development and interrelationships questions, do we talk about 1 or 2 areas of sustainability? My teacher told me to do 2 areas of sustainability for both, but some people have only been doing 1
hi guys
for NHPA questions asking about costs and reasons, would we lose marks if we didn't link our answer back to the specific NHPA? e.g. would we gain full marks if we say that 'diabetes mellitus contributes to significantly to burden of disease'? also, are there any efficient ways of remembering the risk factors for the NHPAs?
thank u :)
Hey guys, what are some examples of things that WHO does for the priority 'social, economic and environmental determinants'?
I am unsure if I need to link the governments role to an aid example or if I can use just an australian example. If my response is ineligible which it probably is, please write another sample for me. THANK YOU
Identify two priorities of Australia's aid program and outline one role the government has played in relation to each.
Gender equality, empowering women and girls --> The Australian government has ensured that women recieve the same rights as men. For example: Women can work in the same industries as men like trade.
Education and Health --> The Australian government has incorporated health curriculum in schools. Example: Teaching kids about the dangers of alcohol which can increase levels of health.
I would say something like the ADGs promote a varied diet that consists of plenty of vegetables, fruit, legumes and grains. These foods are high in fibre which is a protective factor against obesity as it promotes feelings of satiety. Also, the third guideline advises an individual to limit consumption of added alcohol which is energy dense, thus by decreasing intake of alcohol you decrease risk of obesity. I think I'd just link ADG/AGTHE/HEP to nutrition and how they promote protective factors against obesity :) For all 3 you could also probably say they promote water which contains no kilojoules so it can assist in providing a feeling of fullness without extra energy consumption
How would the UN's action area 'Social and economic development' promote global health? TIA :)
For interrelationship questions, why is it that such a small percentage of students (around 7%) get the full 6 marks? Because isn't there a set structure to be followed?
Can you give me your attempt at answering it/your ideas? :)
Is mortality strata A characterised by low adult mortality and very low child mortality, or very low adult mortality and very low child mortality? I’ve heard different things :/
Hi i just wanted to confirm whether we are still able to use the heart foundation tick program as a health-promotion program for a NHPA? I think i remember my teacher saying that program is no longer available/valid so we shouldn't use it?
Yeah, don't use it. They've been phasing it out since the end of 2015 so it isn't a valid program anymore.
You don't have to memorize any specific statistics in health; regardless of the AOS. It is enough to say infant mortality rate is greater among Indigenous Australians than non-Indigenous.
Thank you so much! :)All good :)
Do we have to mention specifically how the dietary guideline can reduce prevalence of disease?I doubt it would hurt to put that in. HHD always asks for examples and that's a good one to use
eg. do we have to say that it can be used in schools to teach children or do we just say 'if it is followed...'
Actually, hold on, in the 2016 exam report, for the NHPA diabetes an option that students could've chosen is ''pick the tick''?
Yeah, as rpapa said it's best to avoid it. They probably allowed it in 2016 because it was only announced at the end of 2015. And plus, HHD is a very 'current' subject so it's best to use up-to-date information in your answers. :)
Would I able to discuss LiveLighter? Even though its more related to obesity? Because I just learnt some points about that one.
Hi,
Some last minute help needed here. When discussing determinants that act as risk or protective factors for NHPA's, how do I relate early life experiences to conditions such as asthma? I often find social determinants quite difficult to connect to NHPA's, what other social determinants influence the onset of asthma?
Any help would be appreciated, thanks in advance! :)
While looking at the reasons for the injury prevention and control NHPA, Ive noticed my textbook (Jacaranda) claims the burden of disease for injuries to be 7% in 2010, but EngageWiki says 6.5%. How important is it that we get the correct stats, and which one is correct?
Early life experiences: maternal smoking --> increased asthma risk
Social determinants: Low SES --> higher rate of smokers --> increased risk of developing asthma, poor housing --> poor ventilation --> exposure to dust and stuff (lol don't say this, can't think of the right word) --> increase asthma risk
Could anyone recommend a program for the NHPA injury prevention and control that is relevant, easy to remember and good to use in the exam if a question for that particular NHPA comes up?? thanks!! :)
Could anyone recommend a program for the NHPA injury prevention and control that is relevant, easy to remember and good to use in the exam if a question for that particular NHPA comes up?? thanks!! :)
Another question, besides Nutrition Australia, what's another non-government organisation that promotes health eating? Could I use the Heart Foundation? Thanks :) :)
Whats a literacy program and how was it been implemented in a developing country
Hi when writing the Australian Aid Initiatives, do we need the full name especially when the case study doesn't even talk about other factors.
For example
Case study about farming.
Do we need to write agriculture, fisheries and water or can we just write agriculture.
Do we also need to write the full name like Building Resilience: Humanitarian assistance, disaster risk reduction and social protection?
Or is just building resilience better.
LAST MINUTE HEALTH QUESTION!!
Could anyone help me out with these last minute questions?
1. Explain one reason why DFAT provides funding to non gov organisations?
2. When asked why a NHPA has been included, is it enough to say *Obesity carrys a large amount of costs? Or, Cardiovascular disease has large rates of mortality associated with it. <-- is that enough? or does it need more info?
3. Also when asked to describe a program that COULD be implemented, do we HAVE to make up a program? Or can we use one that is already existing, such as a program by World Vision!
Thanks! :)
Hi when writing the Australian Aid Initiatives, do we need the full name especially when the case study doesn't even talk about other factors.
For example
Case study about farming.
Do we need to write agriculture, fisheries and water or can we just write agriculture.
Do we also need to write the full name like Building Resilience: Humanitarian assistance, disaster risk reduction and social protection?
Or is just building resilience better.
last min q!!you could make it up if you wanted to. However, examiners recommend that you use the programs that you learnt and name them (as it gives it context).
for questions asking about programs that 'could/may' be implemented, can we make it up? my teacher told us that we can, but last year's exam report had the same question but said to talk about actual programs :-\
Really need help:Hey! You could say something along these lines:
I can link health to human development and I can link human development to sustainability. Easy.
I can’t link health to sustainability. I mean every time I’ve done it I’ve gotten full marks but I don’t really understand how. I still get told to use education to link them but like how does education mix with health.
I really don’t think I’m explaining this well, but to me education is something I use to link human development to sustainability, not health to sustainability.
Could you just say that if current generations have lower rates of a disease then future generations will also have lower rates?
HELP!!!!This question is basically about explaining the other indicators of the HDI. You could say something like this:
Explain how two countries can have a similar income (GNI per capita) but a quite different HDI.
Can someone please explain this to me? Desperate
HELP PLEASE - For the WHO priorities, Is one of them health related MILLENIUM or SUSTAINABLE development goals?? As haven't they changes to sustainable?
How does the 6 mark interrelationship marking scheme work? Can you provide an example worth 6 marks?
Last minute questions hahaa
- WHICH FATS RAISE HDL LEVELS? CAN SOMEONE GIVE ME DIFFERENCE/SIMILARITIES BETWEEN SATURATED, TRANS, POLY AND MONOUNSATURATED FATS?
- DO DFAT ONLY PROVIDE FUNDING TO NGOS ONLY?
hey guys I have a question:hey, so the way I think of it is like, mental is more to do with the wellness of the mind and the functioning of the mind eg stress and anxiety. so like wellness of the mind instead of illness if that makes any sense? and then emotional is like emotions and feeling, recognising and expressing them and all that kind of stuff. I still get confused on this all the time, especially spiritual health and wellbeing. If you have the 3/4 Jacaranda textbook, there is a little section on page14 about the difference between the two. hopefully I helped a little, good luck!
What is the difference between emotional health and mental health?
I can't seem to tell the difference :'( :'(
So VCCA released the sample quesitons for the new study design
anyone else think that some questions are quite out there, it seems this new study design will have more questions asking to "evaluate" and to discuss "to what extent do you agree" with a statement.
Feeling the chills with this new format :/
Hey guys, I'm honestly confused about when to include statistics in an answer and when to just broadly refer to them. In a lot of practice questions I either include them unneeded or didn't refer to them when I was meant to. So are there any key words/phrases I should be looking for to know when to include data in my answer?
Hey guys, I'm honestly confused about when to include statistics in an answer and when to just broadly refer to them. In a lot of practice questions I either include them unneeded or didn't refer to them when I was meant to. So are there any key words/phrases I should be looking for to know when to include data in my answer?
Can someone please help me with this question from the HHD 2018 VCAA sample questions:
Question 7
PASSAGE : Oxfam Australia is a non-government organisation involved in aid and development. Its 2014 ‘Close the Gap’ campaign included the ‘30 for 2030 Challenge’ pledge1. By taking the 30 for 2030 Challenge, I pledge to collect 30 names and contact details in support of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health equality by 2030.
We call on the Australian Government to:
• Commit to providing adequate and long-term financial resources to achieve Indigenous health equality;
• Invest in real partnerships, including increased Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander participation and control around health service delivery; and
• Address critical social issues of housing, education and self-determination that contribute to the health crisis affecting Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples.
B) The social action described above aimed to promote health and wellbeing.
Justify Oxfam Australia taking social action for Indigenous health and wellbeing (3 MARKS)
????
Does hunger and malnutrition affect immune functioning, leading to increased risk of illness from communicable diseases (e.g. measles)?
Can someone please help me with this question from the HHD 2018 VCAA sample questions:
Question 7
PASSAGE : Oxfam Australia is a non-government organisation involved in aid and development. Its 2014 ‘Close the Gap’ campaign included the ‘30 for 2030 Challenge’ pledge1. By taking the 30 for 2030 Challenge, I pledge to collect 30 names and contact details in support of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health equality by 2030.
We call on the Australian Government to:
• Commit to providing adequate and long-term financial resources to achieve Indigenous health equality;
• Invest in real partnerships, including increased Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander participation and control around health service delivery; and
• Address critical social issues of housing, education and self-determination that contribute to the health crisis affecting Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Peoples.
B) The social action described above aimed to promote health and wellbeing.
Justify Oxfam Australia taking social action for Indigenous health and wellbeing (3 MARKS)
????
Hi all so quick question! I think I may have stuffed up my chanced of a raw 40!Remember new study design, so these high order questions could actually stuff up the entire state and make the A+ cut off mark lower than previous years. VCAA could also be a bit lenient considering this factor. But last year for Chem it was a new study design, and they had a crazy question (higher order question--> first time like hhd) where VCAA actually had instructed examiners to really look for marks to give and be a bit generous. So who knows really!
My unit 3 scores were 94,96,88 (93/100) A
Unit 4 was 99 and 70 (85/100) A
I am ranked 4th of a very strong cohort of 30, 10-12 of which average 80s-90s.
I think on the exam I may have scored anywhere between high 70 to high 80. But I think I've stuffed up my chances of getting a raw 40, is there still hope for me?
Alright,I'm a year 12 student aswell so don't quote me!
So I averaged 93% for my internal sacs and was ranked somewhere in the top 10 in a cohort of around 65 students in an average public school.
I am almost certain that I got around 80% on the exam.
What could I potentially be looking at in terms of study score?
Cheers guys ❤️
What SAC marks do you need to get a 40+?Hi,
What SAC marks do you need to get a 40+?
Dimensions of health and wellbeing
Students are expected to be able to describe different dimensions of health and wellbeing, including physical, social, emotional, mental and spiritual. It is important to acknowledge that these five dimensions of health are not isolated but are interrelated and influence each other.
Physical health and wellbeing
Physical health relates to the functioning of the body and its systems, it includes the physical capacity to perform daily activities or tasks. Physical health is supported by factors such as regular physical activity, consuming a balanced diet, having appropriate rest/sleep, maintaining an ideal body weight, and the absence of illness, disease or injury.
Social health and wellbeing
Social health relates to the ability to form meaningful and satisfying relationships with others and the ability to manage or adapt appropriately to different social situations. It also includes the level of support provided by family and within a community to ensure that every person has equal opportunity to function as a contributing member of the society. Social health is supported by strong communication skills, empathy for others and a sense of personal accountability.
Spiritual health and wellbeing
Spiritual health is not material in nature, but relates to ideas, beliefs, values and ethics that arise in the minds and conscience of human beings. Spiritual health includes the concepts of hope, peace, a guiding sense of meaning or value, and reflection on your place in the world. Spiritual health can be highly individualised, for example in some spiritual traditions health may relate to organised religion, a higher power and prayer, in other practices it can relate to morals, values, a sense of purpose in life, connection or belonging.
Emotional health and wellbeing
Emotional health relates to the ability to express feelings in a positive way. Emotional health is about the positive management and expression of emotional actions and reactions as well as the ability to display resilience. Emotional health is the degree to which you feel emotionally secure and relaxed in everyday life.
Mental health and wellbeing
Mental health is the current state of well-being relating to the mind or brain and it relates to the ability to think and process information. A mentally healthy brain enables an individual to positively form opinions, make decisions and use logic. Mental health is about the wellness of the mind rather than illness. Mental health is associated with low levels of stress and anxiety, positive self-esteem, as well as a sense of confidence and optimism.
Can anyone help me with the 'relationships or interrelationships between factors and dimensions of health and wellbeing?An individual experiencing good physical health and wellbeing is more likely to feel good about themselves and have positive self-esteem.
Eg. How might someone's physical health and wellbeing impact on their mental health and wellbeing?
Preferably a list on how they relate to each other
I have a SAC on Tuesday and I'm really stuck :((
Thanks !!!
could someone please explain to me the difference between the health indicators 'HALE' and "Life expectancy',
but without giving me the definitions of them both? an explanation on the benefits/ pros of using HALE would be helpful?
thanksss
Hi,
The main difference between HALE and life expectancy is that HALE is an indication of how many years IN FULL health a person is expected to live. On the other hand, life expectany is an indication of how many years OVERALL a person is expected to live.
The main benefit of using HALE is that it is the number of healthy years an indivudal is expected to live as it takes into account years spent in poor health.
Hope this helps
Hi guys,No just general conditions they lead to and impact on health status/burden of disease.
Just wondering...with the study design dot point the contribution to Australia’s health status and burden of disease of smoking, alcohol, high body mass index, and dietary risks (under-consumption of vegetables, fruit and dairy foods; high intake of fat, salt and sugar; low intake of fibre and iron). (Unit 3 AOS 1), do we have to know any data relating to these dietary risks and contributing factors, or just general conditions that they can lead to?
Thanks! :)
Hi,A STABLE ECOSYSTEM (definition)-A STABLE ECOSYSTEM IS ACHIEVED WHEN BALANCE IS ACHIEVED BETWEEN THE ENVIRONMNET AND THE SPECIES THAT LIVE IN THE ENVIRONMNET. STABJLITY INDICATES THAT ALL LIVING THINGS ARE HAVING THEIR NEEDS FOR FOOD, WATER, SHELTER AND REPRODUCTION ARE MET WITHOUT CAUSINGG DETRIMENTAL EFFECTS TO THE NATURAL ENVIRONMNET.
Just wondering if anyone would be able to help me out with a response to 'how does a stable ecosystem promote health and wellbeing?' I always get confused with this prerequisite and sustainable resources, and would appreciate a good go-to response!
Thanks :)
No just general conditions they lead to and impact on health status/burden of disease.
I just wrote out a model response for each risk factor when I did HHD (example below)
HOW DOES A UNDERCONSUMPTION OF DAIRY IMPACT HEALTH STATUS AND BURDEN OF DISEASE
Dairy plays a vital role in promoting peak bone mass, due to being a rich source of calcium. If an adequate amount of dairy is not consumed, bones may become weak and brittle which may lead to osteoporosis, which increases the risk of fractures. Living with this osteoporosis will contribute to the YLD portion of burden of disease. Osteoporosis might also increase morbidity rates and decrease health adjusted life expectancy.
Hope this helps :)
Hi guys!
I have a question regarding health status indicators;
There are many questions about the contribution of certain risk factors to health status. When discussing the incidence and prevalence of a certain condition, how do I know which one to use?
- Eg: "Due to smoking, there is an increased __________ of lung cancer.."
How do I know whether to use the term incidence or prevalence in this example?
Hey,
Why not use both- I sure did.
With the example you provided, smoking will increase both the incience (number of new cases) and the prevalence (total number of cases of lung cancer pesent in society. In 99.99% of cases, increased incidences means increase prevalence
My teacher said it was best to include two indicators in your response.
Hope this helps :)
Does anyone have an answer guide or examples for questions like "evaluate the effectiveness of the HDI in measuring human development"
Thankyou
Hi all!!
i have a question on the rationale and objectives of the UN's SDGs.
I'm really confused at what we are meant to know about this
Hope this helps :)
Hi again!
I've got multiple resources for HHD but they all have different key features of SDG 3 (key knowledge on study design), and I'm not too sure which one is the correct key features?
Hi guys,
When talking about digital technologies, can I discuss social media and its benefits in spreading health knowledge?
Hey,Thank you so much! I have another question though. When discussing SDG 3 and it's relationship with the other SDGs, do I only discuss the key features/ health status factors (maternal/child mortality..) or can I also discuss physical/mental health?
Absolutely- however you must be specific
-Social media can be used as a platform for health promotion programs- e.g. cancer council have sponsored advertisments on instagram
-Health warning can be eaily spread on social media
-Health specfic pages- act as e-health hence anyone from any geographical location can acess
Hope this answers your question :)
Thank you so much! I have another question though. When discussing SDG 3 and it's relationship with the other SDGs, do I only discuss the key features/ health status factors (maternal/child mortality..) or can I also discuss physical/mental health?
Hey.Hey, what's up?
With questions relating how a factor can lead to improved health outcomes, what do health outcomes relate to in these types of questions?
hello !!
i'm thinking of picking up hhd 3/4 next year without having done 1/2. . . is it a bad idea? would i face any disadvantages and if so, what kind?
pls help i am conflicted since i want to do well next year :'(
Hey, what's up?
I do believe that health outcomes relate to either the dimensions of health and wellbeing or the health status indicators.
did anybody who's done the health exam have trouble finishing it in the 2 hours??I haven’t done the actual exam yet but I’ve done a few under time as a slow writer and it’s achievable. Just be aware of that clock the entire time. Check your work as you go because it’s unlikely you’ll have time to thoroughly check every answer at the end, especially as a slow writer
, slow writer so a bit concerned
does anyone know any good HHD quizlets for exam revision?
What is double burden?
Hi!Hey cfalzon! :)
Could anyone please clarify whether resilience is a characteristic of mental health and wellbeing or emotional health and wellbeing? I've seen both and now I'm confused about which one is actually correct.
Thank you! :)
Hi,
Can anyone please recommend any good lectures to go to for HHD, I have read that health teacher exam networks is good. Does anyone know anything about them?
can anyone recommend good sources for practice questions? i have the atarnotes book, but looking for some extra ones too. thanks (:Past VCAA exam questions! You can find these online by skimming through past exams (found here) or in Checkpoints books which you can purchase from a school bookseller. :)
Can someone please help me apply the quit-anti smoking program to the Ottawa Charter for health promotion.
When talking about chapter 7 (initiatives to address smoking, and initiatives to address Indigenous health and wellbeing) should we have a basic understanding of the promotions/initiatives in the textbook (eg. Quitline, Learn Earn Legend! etc) or just focus on the BCSDR areas of the Ottawa Charter? Thanks a bunch (:Hey Jeyda!
Initiatives introduced to bring about improvements in Indigenous health and wellbeing in Australia and how they reflect the action areas of the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion
Hey Jeyda!
Are you talking about this dot point?
Even if it's the one about smoking, road safety or skin cancer, I think it would be a good idea to have a basic understanding of the promotions / initiatives. You'll probably need to be able to describe them to talk about how each initiative reflects the action areas of the Ottawa Charter. You may wish to ask your teacher about this one! :)
Hey everyone :)Hello! :)
Just wondering - how are the PBS and NDIS funded?
From my understanding, the PBS is funded through general taxation and the NDIS is funded through a combination of federal and state/territory funds? Is this correct?
Also, I've read that the Medicare levy was increased by 0.5% (from 2% to 2.5%) to fund the NDIS, but this has confused me because we've been taught in class, through our textbook and on Edrolo that the Medicare levy is 2%.
Thank you!
Can someone in simple terms please give me the definition of 'a double burden of disease,' i can't find it in the textbook. Thanks.A double burden results in a rise in both communicable and non-communicable disease.
Hi Em!
A simple definition of double burden of disease is where conditions associated with poverty and conditions associated with wealth exist at the same time in a community. For example, undernutrition and obesity.
In a middle-income country, there may be people who are in extreme poverty and lack the income to purchase nutritious food, which can lead to undernutrition.
On the other hand, the migration of people from rural areas to major cities increases access to, and therefore consumption of energy-dense processed foods.
Hope this helps :)
Edit: the above poster beat me to it, but I'll leave this here :)
A double burden results in a rise in both communicable and non-communicable disease.
Do we need to know all of the Sustainable Development Goals, or just the ones specifically outlined in the study design? My teacher says we should know the names of all the SDGs but there's just so many!
If something is outside the specifically listed scope of the study design, you NEVER need to know it. Unless they say that you need an overall understanding of all SDGs, you don't.(and Heidi should know, because 50 SS. Just putting that out there.)
I'm not saying it's good for actual LEARNING, because it isn't, but for good *scores*, you're wise to focus on study-design-mandated information to the exclusion of everything else. You're wise to have a vague acquaintance with other things, but no more.
For HHD, I'd recommend structuring your notes and study entirely around the study design.
Do we need to know all of the Sustainable Development Goals, or just the ones specifically outlined in the study design? My teacher says we should know the names of all the SDGs but there's just so many!Only the SDGs on the study design 1,2,3,4,5,6 and 13
Just wondering if someone can explain to me the concept of burden of disease. I understand the definition and all that but I'm trying to understand it more in relation to health status styled exam questions.
For example- if i say that a high body mass index can cause cardiovascular disease can i then say that it therefore leads to an increase in burden of disease?
I hope that makes sense.
Hey Dudes!
Does anyone have a list of what we can and can't abbreviate throughout the exam. For example, what's acceptable ie. H+W for Health and Wellbeing, and what's not? :)
Hi Everyone!Describe one initiative which aims to address the difference in health status experienced by Indigenous population:
Does anyone have an Indigenous Health Programme and the ways in which it meets the Ottowa Charter's action areas? :)
Hey! Would anyone happen to have some solutions to the VCAA sample questions? I'm not sure how many marks to give myself on the 10 markersHere are some sample responses:
In the 'to what extent do you agree' questions, is it okay to use 'i' and 'my' in your answer? And also should you mention your stance at the beginning of the question, or can you leave it till the end?Yes, it should be okay if you use 'I' or 'my'.
In the 'to what extent do you agree' questions, is it okay to use 'i' and 'my' in your answer? And also should you mention your stance at the beginning of the question, or can you leave it till the end?You can use 'I' and 'my' and you should mention your stance at the beginning as it easier for the examiner to see the direction of your response.
It is recommended that you use only well-known and accepted abbreviations for your subject (for example, ABS, WHO, RBA, VCAT, GST, OHS, PPE) in your response, and that you write these out in full, with the abbreviation in brackets, the first time that you use them in each response. If the abbreviation is used in the examination question, then you may use it in your response. Please avoid using abbreviations that you have made up."h+w or h&w" for health and wellbeing should suffice too. Note that DALY and HALE are already accepted on the study design so you don't have to define them.
For the impact on individual/national/global health often it is easier to explain how it improves 'health' by linking it to a dimension ;)
3. You can use those examples, but of course bear in mind that based on the stem of the question (e.g. identify vs briefly explain) signals how much detail you need :)
For the impact on individual/national/global health often it is easier to explain how it improves 'health' by linking it to a dimension ;)
So for example, if a question says "describe how Medicare promotes national health" would something like this be a viable answer?With all citizens having access to subsided doctor visits, less people will be sick, therefore more people are able to go to work and therefore contribute to a greater economy, boosting productivity. An improved economy can encourage more people to live an active lifestyle (undergo regular exercise) and develop a healthy diet consuming nutritious food, thereby improving physical health and wellbeing, nationally
Through providing access to subsidised doctor and specialist visits, Medicare ensurespeopleeveryone (i.e. the average citizen) can access the resources they need to treat their conditions, at affordable (to no) cost. This improves national health by promoting physical health and wellbeing to the point where they can adequately complete daily tasks such as going to work, also boosting productivity.
-Your last sentence is good, but you have failed to link how subsided doctor visits can lead to improved physical h+w
Edit: I haven't come across these kinds of questions much– would these be common in an exam?
With all citizens having access to subsided doctor visits, less people will be sick, therefore more people are able to go to work and therefore contribute to a greater economy, boosting productivity. An improved economy can encourage more people to live an active lifestyle (undergo regular exercise) and develop a healthy diet consuming nutritious food, thereby improving physical health and wellbeing, nationally
They asked a national/global question last year and it was poorly answered, I would expect something similar to that question to pop up in this year's exam
In the exam, can we write H+WB instead of constantly writing health and wellbeing? Thanks.
It seems like the answer changes depending on who you ask– if you scroll up a bit I asked this a couple days ago lol.This answer won't help you but personally, I always wrote out health and wellbeing (just the way I was taught) considering how much stress it's causing you I would recommend just to write it out
I'd be safe and just write "health and wellbeing" the first time you use it in an answer and then add brackets with "h+wb" so you can use the abbreviation after.
For example...
Physical health and wellbeing (h+wb) relates to the functioning of the body and it's systems and includes the capacity to adequately perform daily tasks. Physical h+wb includes ...
If you're going to do this make sure you do the whole full term-brackets thing in every question.
It seems like the answer changes depending on who you ask– if you scroll up a bit I asked this a couple days ago lol.
I'd be safe and just write "health and wellbeing" the first time you use it in an answer and then add brackets with "h+wb" so you can use the abbreviation after.
For example...
Physical health and wellbeing (h+wb) relates to the functioning of the body and it's systems and includes the capacity to adequately perform daily tasks. Physical h+wb includes ...
If you're going to do this make sure you do the whole full term-brackets thing in every question.
For anyone that did previous HHD exams, what was your strategy for the 8-10 marker? Did you do it first thing or one of the last questions?Hi i sat the 2018 exam and I did the exam in order, i found the question was placed at around the right time to actually sit it.
Hi i sat the 2018 exam and I did the exam in order, i found the question was placed at around the right time to actually sit it.Thanks so much!
My advice is to:
- Use reading time to read the source material and plan a response
- Scenario A: you feel good about the 10 marker -> then complete the exam in order (so the 8-10 marker is usually around Q4/5 so do Q1-3 to get into a good rhythm and develop confidence, then smash the 8-10 marker)
No matter what, complete the 8-10 marker within the first hour of the exam
- Scenario B: you freak out, and feel very unconfident about the question (this is okay) immediately after writing time highlight and annotate key information -> using any space you can find write a quick plan to provide a good guide for how to progress your response. Take a breath. Go to the start of the exam and answer the first few questions, then decide are you ready to answer the 8-10 marker. If yes go right ahead, if no complete a few more question to build momentum, but always complete the 8-10 marker within the first hour of the exam.
At least 10% of the state will score 0 marks (maybe more, it was 18% in 2019)so it is imperative you give the extended response a go and try to score as many marks as you can.
Gl :)
Can someone please explain the work of WHO in simple terms.
1. Providing leadership and creating partnerships to improve health and wellbeingThank you!!
- WHO partners with member states
- achieves positive outcomes for those in need
- coordinates relief efforts
- facilitates communication
2. Conducts research and provides health and wellbeing information
- carries out research
- provides grants
- funding research
- ensures the most up to date research is available
3. Setting norms and standards
- standardises the way research is carried out
- shares info about diseases internationally
- develops regulations
- provides technical assistance
- develops treatment and prevention standards
4. Developing policies to assist countries to take action to promote health and wellbeing
- helps countries in choosing immunisation programs
- develops guidelines and manuals
- publishes guides for health workers about diagnosis, treatment e.t.c.
5. Providing technical support and assisting health systems to become sustainable
- trains healthcare workers
- helps countries develop a national health finance strategy
- provides advice and personnel
6. Monitoring health and wellbeing and health and wellbeing trends
- establishes global databases to fill data gaps
- World Health Statistics– tracks changes in health status
- studies trends
How much time would you recommend spending on the 10 marker?
Hi, when a question asks us to link back to human development and how it impacts human development (much like health and wellbeing and its dimensions) do we discuss, being knowledgeable, a long and healthy life and a decent standard of living?
Hey! :)Thank you soo much lm!!! Do you have any tips on study methods for HHD? What you did to remember content and key defs, study rituals for sacs, etc. ?
It honestly depends on what you think is best; the number of practice exams you do doesn't always correlate to a study score. It's more about how you use them. Personally, I don't think you need to go overboard with the number of practice exams you get and would suggest buying more practice exams if you feel you need them once you have completed the ones provided by your school and the VCAA exams. My school gave my HHD cohort about the same number of exams and we had people who did them all and ended up with great study scores.
VCAA exams are the gold standard, but if you're looking for more exams, some good ones are Health Teachers' Network, QATS, ACED and ACHPER.
Good luck with HHD! If you put solid effort into the subject, you'll be sweet 8)
No worries! Hope you find it useful :)Thank you LM!!!! Your responses have been a lifesaver throughout the holidays! Do you suggest any external resources for practice questions or do you think the textbook questions are enough?
In SACs and the exam, you're generally asked to explain prerequisites, so knowing a definition for each can be helpful. The definitions are fairly self-explanatory, but make sure you understand them before you memorise them!
VCAA has definitions for the dimensions here. I'm pretty sure these are the ones in the Jacaranda textbook (not too sure about the others).
Hope this helps :)
Do you suggest any external resources for practice questions or do you think the textbook questions are enough?I'm gonna barge in here sorry; personally, I do not think the textbook questions are enough nor a good representation for what to expect in SACs / the exam.
For the impact on individual/national/global health often it is easier to explain how it improves 'health' by linking it to a dimension ;)
Hey scientificllama,
A discussion similar to your question was mentioned in the previous few pages. This is a great reply from T&S.
Let's ignore that I said health instead of health & wellbeing :P :P
I promise I know what I'm talking about
I agree with my past self, yes you should link it back to a specific dimension when you see 'improved health outcomes' that is a trigger to discuss the dimension :)
- T&S
So I would recommend checkpoints (2019 onwards) as they are usually pretty good.
Is resilience part of emotional or mental health and wellbeing?1. That is correct resilience is a key feature of emotional health wellbeing
How does having a high level of resilience contribute to an individuals health and wellbeing?