Photophosphorylation is simply phosphorylation (the addition of a phosphate group to a substance, in this case to ADP) using light energy. I honestly doubt you'll need to know cyclic and non-cyclic phosphorylation, but basically:
- In non-cyclic photophosphorylation, the excited electrons go through the electron transport chain, producing ATP and eventually being accepted by NADP+, while in cyclic photophosphorylation, the electron goes through a "cycle" and is thus recycled. ATP is still produced, but because the electrons don't end up being accepted by NADP+, no NADPH is produced
- I'm pretty sure since the electron gets recycled, water doesn't need to be broken down for its electron and therefore O2 isn't an output
- Non-cyclic photophosphorylation involves two "photosystems" which are just protein complexes involved in the light-dependent stage of photosynthesis -- they're responsible for absorbing the light (via chlorophyll) and they facilitate the electron transport chain which produces the ATP. Cyclic photophosphorylation on the other hand only involves one photosystem. Bacterial photosynthesis involves only one photosystem and therefore they use cyclic photophosphorylation.
Though you probably don't need to know this, RuBP is ribulose biphosphate and its a 5 carbon sugar that's involved in the Calvin Cycle. The G3P molecules alondouek was talking about you might know as the PGALs (3 carbon sugars).
If you have the time I really recommend checking these videos out:
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/photosynthesisThey do go into more depth than necessary for the 3/4 Biology course, but I think it helps you understand the actual processes more meaning you have a better idea of what actually happens in say, the Calvin Cycle.