Honestly, the core difference between Android and iOS (for me) is the usability. iOS is very "easy" to use, loads of icons, basic settings that anyone can understand. Android has more "advanced" settings, but still usable to the normal person.
You can pick up a really good Android phone for the same price as an iPhone. In my opinion, iPhones are overpriced and aren't worth the money (but that's just me).
All the latest phones are still in that upper price bracket. If you get a model that is 1 or 2 years old (e.g. LG G4, Samsung Galaxy S5, iPhone 5/5s), you can get it cheap, and still get decent specs.
If you're looking into Android phones, I recommend going into a retailer and playing around with the demo phones (if they have any). If not, read up on some reviews by tech sites or watch some "hands on" youtube clips for specific phones. A phone is a custom piece of hardware, and you should feel comfortable with it if you're spending a decent amount of money on it.