ATAR Notes: Forum
VCE Stuff => VCE Science => VCE Mathematics/Science/Technology => VCE Subjects + Help => VCE Psychology => Topic started by: diligent18 on November 04, 2012, 11:37:37 am
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I was just looking over some old practice papers, and I realised that some stated that "cortisol is first released in the Resistance Stage of Selye's GAS model", while others claimed that it is released in Countershock of the Alarm Stage.
So which stage is it?
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Technically it is released in countershock but in last year's exam they marked it as resistance, so go with resistance.
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Resistance it is!
Thanks RTandon!
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No problemo! (:
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So then what about adrenaline - is it released in both the resistance and counter-shock stages? Or would we just say resistance, as for cortisol?
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So then what about adrenaline - is it released in both the resistance and counter-shock stages? Or would we just say resistance, as for cortisol?
Pretty sure its counter-shock coz thats when fight-flight is activated and thats how level of resistance shoots up :) ALTHOUGH ITS WEIRD COZ CORTISOL SHOULD BE RELEASED THERE TOO O-O"
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So then what about adrenaline - is it released in both the resistance and counter-shock stages? Or would we just say resistance, as for cortisol?
Pretty sure its counter-shock coz thats when fight-flight is activated and thats how level of resistance shoots up :) ALTHOUGH ITS WEIRD COZ CORTISOL SHOULD BE RELEASED THERE TOO O-O"
It's strange as I think the Grivas text book seemed to imply both of them were released in both stages. :-\
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Technically it is released in countershock but in last year's exam they marked it as resistance, so go with resistance.
Make sense. There's an issue with wording there. Technically, the HPA axis begins to respond in countershock, thus some cortisol is released. However the significant effects relevant to the GAS are observable from the resistance stage onwards. That is, cortisol is the main player in resistance - unlike adrenalin, it has limited acute/instant effect, takes time to have an effect on the body.
So then what about adrenaline - is it released in both the resistance and counter-shock stages? Or would we just say resistance, as for cortisol?
Same thing again. It's important to understand the important factors. In countershock, catecholamines are the main players (ie adrenalin, noradrenalin) that explain the observable changes in the body and behaviour. In resistance, the effect of adrenalin is less significant.
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Technically it is released in countershock but in last year's exam they marked it as resistance, so go with resistance.
Make sense. There's an issue with wording there. Technically, the HPA axis begins to respond in countershock, thus some cortisol is released. However the significant effects relevant to the GAS are observable from the resistance stage onwards. That is, cortisol is the main player in resistance - unlike adrenalin, it has limited acute/instant effect, takes time to have an effect on the body.
So then what about adrenaline - is it released in both the resistance and counter-shock stages? Or would we just say resistance, as for cortisol?
Same thing again. It's important to understand the important factors. In countershock, catecholamines are the main players (ie adrenalin, noradrenalin) that explain the observable changes in the body and behaviour. In resistance, the effect of adrenalin is less significant.
So cortisol is released in countershock stage?
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Oh not this again. I say we all go with RESISTANCE because that was the answer last year.
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Oh not this again. I say we all go with RESISTANCE because that was the answer last year.
Where in last year's exam does it say that?
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I definitely have it as released in resistance, same as adrenaline.
Countershock - Activation the SNS; and resistance to stressors increases.
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So cortisol is released in countershock stage?
Yes, but cortisol doesn't work instantaneously like catecholamines. Cortisol release needs be sustained and increasing in order to produce significant effects on the body (e.g. blood glucose effects, fat storage, immune suppression). So while cortisol starts to be released in the countershock stage, this alone is not enough to cause the changes we see later on in the resistance (and exhaustion) stages. It only reaches the level to produce symptoms later on.
Oh not this again. I say we all go with RESISTANCE because that was the answer last year.
Fair enough. Resistance is when the main effects of cortisol begin, according to all the research and literature on the topic. The body doesn't just get to that point and then BANG, cortisol is suddenly released.
Clearly its been simplified for examination purposes. Hence why people keep reporting they've read different things.
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So cortisol is released in countershock stage?
Yes, but cortisol doesn't work instantaneously like catecholamines. Cortisol release needs be sustained and increasing in order to produce significant effects on the body (e.g. blood glucose effects, fat storage, immune suppression). So while cortisol starts to be released in the countershock stage, this alone is not enough to cause the changes we see later on in the resistance (and exhaustion) stages. It only reaches the level to produce symptoms later on.
Oh not this again. I say we all go with RESISTANCE because that was the answer last year.
Fair enough. Resistance is when the main effects of cortisol begin, according to all the research and literature on the topic. The body doesn't just get to that point and then BANG, cortisol is suddenly released.
Clearly its been simplified for examination purposes. Hence why people keep reporting they've read different things.
So just to check my understanding now: adrenaline is released in counter-shock, with some cortisol as well - but unlike it cortisol, it acts much more instantly, and thus is a main player in the countershock stage while having much less of a role in the resistance stage later on?
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So just to check my understanding now: adrenaline is released in counter-shock, with some cortisol as well - but unlike it cortisol, it acts much more instantly, and thus is a main player in the countershock stage while having much less of a role in the resistance stage later on?
Yes. Looking at the Unit 3/4 curriculum, it is important to understand the main aspects of each stage and what causes it.
So in the alarm stages, the list of things that happen are under the primary influence of catecholamines (e.g. adrenalin).
In the resistance stage, the list of things that happen are primarily under the influence of cortisol and to a lesser extent catecholamines. The effects are still adaptive - e.g. cortisol is directing the body to use energy in a way that helps it deal with ongoing stress.
If the stress is sustained further, the long-term effects of cortisol become maladaptive - immune system suppression (e.g increased chances of infections) etc
Is that consistent with what you understand Felicity?
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Where in last year's exam does it say that?
Anybody?
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So then what about adrenaline - is it released in both the resistance and counter-shock stages? Or would we just say resistance, as for cortisol?
Pretty sure its counter-shock coz thats when fight-flight is activated and thats how level of resistance shoots up :) ALTHOUGH ITS WEIRD COZ CORTISOL SHOULD BE RELEASED THERE TOO O-O"
It's strange as I think the Grivas text book seemed to imply both of them were released in both stages. :-\
Yeah I use Grivas too, i hate it when it never explains stuff clearly! I guess knowing that cortisol is present in the resistance stage is good enough :S OR IMMA SHOOOT MYSELF .... and also, that development stages ... it didn't even go through that ! sigh....
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Thanks for clarifying, I really understand now. ^^
But it's still bugging me.. so basically if this comes up in the exam, we have to decide whether we put the answer that
is technically correct (countershock) or the answer that we're assuming that VCAA will mark as being correct (resistance)? :-\
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Yeah I use Grivas too, i hate it when it never explains stuff clearly! I guess knowing that cortisol is present in the resistance stage is good enough :S OR IMMA SHOOOT MYSELF .... and also, that development stages ... it didn't even go through that ! sigh....
Yeah I agree. Grivas first mentions cortisol in the resistance stage.
It think it is easy to side-step that question without contradicting the examiners or Grivas.
I think it would be suffice to say something along the lines of:
In the resistance stage, where the body's resistance to stress rises above normal, cortisol is increasingly released into the bloodstream. At this point, cortisol assists the body to cope with stress by helping it utilise energy fuels (e.g. glucose, fat) and repair any damage that is occurring or has occurred etc...
So you have successfully pointed out when cortisol has been released and when it has a major effect, without contradicting anything.
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Yeah I use Grivas too, i hate it when it never explains stuff clearly! I guess knowing that cortisol is present in the resistance stage is good enough :S OR IMMA SHOOOT MYSELF .... and also, that development stages ... it didn't even go through that ! sigh....
Yeah I agree. Grivas first mentions cortisol in the resistance stage.
It think it is easy to side-step that question without contradicting the examiners or Grivas.
I think it would be suffice to say something along the lines of:
In the resistance stage, where the body's resistance to stress rises above normal, cortisol is increasingly released into the bloodstream. At this point, cortisol assists the body to cope with stress by helping it utilise energy fuels (e.g. glucose, fat) and repair any damage that is occurring or has occurred etc...
So you have successfully pointed out when cortisol has been released and when it has a major effect, without contradicting anything.
Lol - we have an expert here everyone! :P It's helped heaps, thankyou!!
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Where in last year's exam does it say that?
Anybody?
I did last year's exam today, and don't remember coming across this cortisol issue... ???
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Okay, so if it came up as a MC asking which part of GAS is it first released.
What do we go with?
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Okay, so if it came up as a MC asking which part of GAS is it first released.
What do we go with?
Resistance
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Where in last year's exam does it say that?
Anybody?
I did last year's exam today, and don't remember coming across this cortisol issue... ???
Yeah I was just looking that up too! ... well anyway my teacher clarified that cortisol is released in counter shock so if there seriously is a question that goes "WHEN IS CORTISOL RELEASED" i'm going with countershock coz IT ISSS ! xD
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I just looked at the exam and I can't find anything either.... But this is what my teacher said
Cortisol is officially released in countershock but you are right in our textbook it says resistance and on last year's exam they marked it as resistance. So just stick to resistance.
I don't even know anymore. le sigh.
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farrrrrrrrrr so confusing. I say we COULD go with countershock and testify if we get it wrong.
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I think VCAA won't ask anything too controversial like this in the exam, and even if this question is in the MC, they will make the answer quite obvious.
eg.
In which stage of Selye's Gas model is cortisol released?
a) Shock
b) Resistance
c) Exhaustion
d) Selye's Receding hairline.
To which you will undoubtedly choose D.
I kid.
Stop worrying guys.
Good luck with the exam tomorrow.
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I just looked at the exam and I can't find anything either.... But this is what my teacher said
Cortisol is officially released in countershock but you are right in our textbook it says resistance and on last year's exam they marked it as resistance. So just stick to resistance.
I don't even know anymore. le sigh.
Well actually if it says "when is it FIRST released " i'm going with countershock, but if it just says " when is it released" it is released in both .... sooooooooo resistance might be more correct or something FML IDK CAN WE JUST BOMB VCAA DOWN <3
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Where in last year's exam does it say that?
Anybody?
I did last year's exam today, and don't remember coming across this cortisol issue... ???
Yeah I was just looking that up too! ... well anyway my teacher clarified that cortisol is released in counter shock so if there seriously is a question that goes "WHEN IS CORTISOL RELEASED" i'm going with countershock coz IT ISSS ! xD
Yeah same as my teacher:
From my understanding (and 4 different sources) cortisol is released during Countershock. It's released because it suppresses the immune system ( so we don't worry about an illness we might have; we just deal with the current stress)and provides energy. It would still be being released during resistance to try and make us continue fighting.
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I feel like all we're all going to be stressing, and then there will be no such question on the exam :|
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I feel like all we're all going to be stressing, and then there will be no such question on the exam :|
LOL PROBABLY! :D
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I feel like all we're all going to be stressing, and then there will be no such question on the exam :|
Hahahah. Probably? But it's okay, this time tomorrow, we'll know for sure :P
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I feel like all we're all going to be stressing, and then there will be no such question on the exam :|
Hahahah. Probably? But it's okay, this time tomorrow, we'll know for sure :P
Aaargh! It actually sounds so scary when you put it that way.. I think the nerves are finally kicking in.
I've worked soooo hard for this unit, so I hope VCAA isn't too mean to us tomorrow :(