ATAR Notes: Forum
HSC Stuff => HSC Humanities Stuff => HSC Subjects + Help => HSC Studies of Religion => Topic started by: ssarahj on January 28, 2016, 07:04:52 pm
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Hey guys,
By now most of us 2016 Religion kids will have finished the first topic 'Religion and Belief Systems in Australia post-1945' so it'd be awesome to start getting some resources together to help us all revise and study for half yearlies coming up soonish :) :)
Here's a 5 mark question my teacher gave me about Aboriginal Land Rights and beliefs, and my 5/5 response to it (marked/edited by my HSC marker teacher).
Explain how Aboriginal beliefs about land contributed to the Land Rights Movement. (5 marks)
The Aboriginal belief system concerning the land contributed heavily to the Land Rights Movement as it the land is inextricably connected to Aboriginal spirituality and the Dreaming. The Land Rights Movement was a response of Aboriginal people to the European’s poor treatment of the land and the lack of recognition of traditional ownership.
The land is the basis for the strong connection held with the ancestral beings providing them with links to the Dreaming as well as kinship bonds and totems. Without the land Aboriginal people are unable to stay connected to their ancestors through ceremonies, such as corroborees, and also cannot preserve and celebrate sacred sites. Many Aboriginal people refer to the land as “My Mother”, demonstrating a deep spiritual connection which explains the passionate motives behind the Land Rights Movement.
The Land Rights Movement was both a religious and political movement to secure the rights of Aboriginal people to their land and culture. From the 1960s onwards, many tribes attempted to reclaim their land to be able to reconnect with their spirituality. The High Court “Mabo” decision in 1992 which granted the Merian people traditional land rights to the Murray Islands was a major breakthrough, overturning the legal fiction of terra nullius. This led to the introduction of the Native Title Act 1993. Following this, the Wik people also claimed native title over traditional lands on the Cape York Peninsula in Queensland in 1996.
Therefore it is evident that the connection to the land through Aboriginal spirituality significantly contributed to the Land Rights Movement.
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Damn right we have wonderful people right here! Thanks Sarah ;)
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your a blessing thank you !
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This was my response to a 10 mark question (I was given 9/10) :) Hope it helps with trials coming up, since for a lot of people they haven't even looked at this stuff for over a term! It's not perfect, but it was marked by the teacher who taught the person that came first in the state for SOR1 last year, so it should be pretty accurate. (btw I don't think they have 10 markers in the actual exams, this was just an assessment task last year).
With reference to Paul Keating’s Redfern Speech, discuss the continuing effect of dispossession on Aboriginal spiritualities.
The dispossession of Aboriginal people has had a continuing effect on Aboriginal spirituality. Dispossession in terms of Aboriginal Australians can be defined as their forced removal from their land, security, way of life and culture, which occurred after the British fleet arrived in 1788 and declared Australia to be “terra nullius.” The effects of dispossession on Aboriginal spirituality can still be seen today through impact of the Aboriginal peoples separation from Land, Kinship groups and The Stolen Generations.
The continuing effect of dispossession on Aboriginal spiritualities is clear through the Aboriginal peoples separation from the land. According to past Prime Minister Paul Keating during his Redfern speech in 1992, “We took the traditional lands and smashed the traditional way of life”. As the Dreaming (the centre point of all Aboriginal spirituality) is so inextricably connected to the land (due to the immanent world view that the Ancestor Beings live within the land), the loss of land as a result of dispossession leads to a loss of identity, community, and the ability to fulfil ritual responsibilities.
During the protection policies on the 1890s through to the 1950s, many Aboriginal Australians were separated from their land and put on reserves (government run) and missions (church run). This had a devastating effect on their sense of identity and community as it restricted their mobility (something that Indigenous Australians were used to) and access to sacred sites. Aboriginal Australian’s relied on continual access to the land, particularly to sacred sites, in order to perform traditional ceremonies and rituals, two key aspects of Aboriginal spirituality, that aided in shaping an individuals identity and roles within a community, such as ceremonial initiation. “Imagine if our spiritual life was denied and ridiculed” Without this continual access to the land (along with the suppression of Aboriginal Spirituality while living on reserves/missions) these ceremonies were unable to take place and therefore the spiritual and cultural basis for an individual’s identity and role within their community was heavily disrupted, causing a many Indigenous individuals to feel isolated from their culture and community.
This is also evident today, with the high incarceration rates of Aboriginal Australians (28% of Australia’s prison population, while only representing 3% of the Australian population) restricting many Aboriginal Australians from fulfilling their ceremonial duties, as they are unable to access the land. This shows the effects of separating an Aboriginal Australian from the land on their spirituality as a continuing effect of dispossession.
The separation of one from their kinship group also represents another critical effect of dispossession on Aboriginal spiritualities. Kinship was a system of law and point of fixture that governed all social interactions between Aboriginal Australians, particularly marriage, and was integral to Aboriginal culture and spirituality. Each Indigenous Australian belongs to a kinship group, which aside from dictating social interaction also provide an indigenous Australian with family and community, enabling Aboriginal Australians to pass on their language, Dreaming stories, traditional practices, laws and ritual responsibilities onto the next generation.
By separating an Aboriginal person for their kinship group, you separate them from their family, community and support system, leaving many to feel isolated. During the protection and assimilation policies, Indigenous Australians were purposely separated from their kinship groups and clans in order to effectively destroy and suppress their culture. This is due to the fact that by separating kinship groups, not only did they lose their ability to meet and perform important kinship rituals and ceremonies, but also their language ties, the way they pass on the Dreaming, was severed. This has led to an isolation of both community and culture, which has further disturbed many Aboriginal Australians sense of identity. In this way, it is evident that dispossession through the separation from Kinship groups has had a continuing effect on Aboriginal spiritualities.
The continuing effect of dispossession on Aboriginal spiritualities is evident through the continual effects of the Stolen Generations on the children, parents and communities involved. “We took children from their mothers,” the Stolen Generations is the term used to describe the forceful removal of Aboriginal children from their family and community during the policies of protection and assimilation. The effects of this were detrimental to the stolen children, as not only (in many cases) did they suffer physical and sexual abuse from their new families or at the missions and reserves, but also many suffer to this day from a severe identity crisis due to the fact that they never knew their family or the culture they belong to. The communities also suffered greatly at they were now unable to pass on their culture and spirituality to the next generation, causing a loss of culture and spirituality on a grand scale. Many Indigenous Australians that were taken during this time never regained contact with their families, and many of the ones that did found that they could no longer communicate with them due to the language not being passed down to the child. This isolation from community and culture has led to many of the stolen children, as adults to suffer from psychological illness and distress, such as depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This lack of community and family creates a lack of a reliable support system, which consequentially led many Indigenous Australians to look for support and relief elsewhere, leading many to substance abuse and alcoholism. Therefore, it is evident that the Stolen Generations represents a continuing effect of dispossession on Aboriginal Spiritualities.
Through the Stolen Generations and the separation for kinship group and land, it is clear that dispossession, whereby Aboriginal people were forcibly removed from their land, security, way of life and culture, has had a critical and continuing effect on Aboriginal spirituality and therefore on the Australian identity, as, according to Paul Keating, “the plight of Aboriginal Australians affects us all.”
Hope this helps! Good luck with trials everyone :D
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this looks so awesome sudodds thankyou!! however you are correct in saying that there are no 10 mark questions for this topic; only one 5 marker in the exam :)
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This was my response to a 10 mark question (I was given 9/10) :) Hope it helps with trials coming up, since for a lot of people they haven't even looked at this stuff for over a term! It's not perfect, but it was marked by the teacher who taught the person that came first in the state for SOR1 last year, so it should be pretty accurate. (btw I don't think they have 10 markers in the actual exams, this was just an assessment task last year).
Hope this helps! Good luck with trials everyone :D
Go you! Thanks for sharing!
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When looking at continuing effects of dispossession:
1. Define dispossession: removal of Aboriginal people from their land and placed onto missionaries.
2. Link to land: this was detrimental as the land is inextricably linked to their Dreaming
3. Link to impact: Aboriginal people lost their connection to their ancestors, lost access to sacred sites which contained secret sacred knowledge, loss of languages as the elders could no longer pass their knowledge to the children
4. Continuing effect: the stolen Generation are still currently trying to track their families, Aboriginal people suffer from lower life expectancy, higher mental health issues, higher crime rates
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this topic is extremely hard, well for me, any advise ?
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this topic is extremely hard, well for me, any advise ?
Hey Tahmina! Any particular part of it giving you trouble? Any specific question types? :)
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this topic is extremely hard, well for me, any advise ?
Feel free to pm me if you dont want to talk about it on the forums :) but the forums are the best way to learn, many people to learn from and noone judges!! If you tell me what depth studies you are doing, then I can see what i can help you with (and elyse has done like all the ethics and rituals so she'll help you a lot).
Also if you are an SOR II student, I have just done religion and peace and working through Religion amd Non religion so its all fresh in my mind :)
So go on, what are you waiting for? Get posting today! ;) ;D
(Sorry if that last bit seemed like an advert lol)
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you lifesaver!! thanks :D
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I found this article to be really interesting! It discusses the Jedi rise in the census in 2001. It's a good read, and shines some light on the census data that we have to try make sense of!
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This was my response to a 10 mark question (I was given 9/10) :) Hope it helps with trials coming up, since for a lot of people they haven't even looked at this stuff for over a term! It's not perfect, but it was marked by the teacher who taught the person that came first in the state for SOR1 last year, so it should be pretty accurate. (btw I don't think they have 10 markers in the actual exams, this was just an assessment task last year).
With reference to Paul Keating’s Redfern Speech, discuss the continuing effect of dispossession on Aboriginal spiritualities.
The dispossession of Aboriginal people has had a continuing effect on Aboriginal spirituality. Dispossession in terms of Aboriginal Australians can be defined as their forced removal from their land, security, way of life and culture, which occurred after the British fleet arrived in 1788 and declared Australia to be “terra nullius.” The effects of dispossession on Aboriginal spirituality can still be seen today through impact of the Aboriginal peoples separation from Land, Kinship groups and The Stolen Generations.
The continuing effect of dispossession on Aboriginal spiritualities is clear through the Aboriginal peoples separation from the land. According to past Prime Minister Paul Keating during his Redfern speech in 1992, “We took the traditional lands and smashed the traditional way of life”. As the Dreaming (the centre point of all Aboriginal spirituality) is so inextricably connected to the land (due to the immanent world view that the Ancestor Beings live within the land), the loss of land as a result of dispossession leads to a loss of identity, community, and the ability to fulfil ritual responsibilities.
During the protection policies on the 1890s through to the 1950s, many Aboriginal Australians were separated from their land and put on reserves (government run) and missions (church run). This had a devastating effect on their sense of identity and community as it restricted their mobility (something that Indigenous Australians were used to) and access to sacred sites. Aboriginal Australian’s relied on continual access to the land, particularly to sacred sites, in order to perform traditional ceremonies and rituals, two key aspects of Aboriginal spirituality, that aided in shaping an individuals identity and roles within a community, such as ceremonial initiation. “Imagine if our spiritual life was denied and ridiculed” Without this continual access to the land (along with the suppression of Aboriginal Spirituality while living on reserves/missions) these ceremonies were unable to take place and therefore the spiritual and cultural basis for an individual’s identity and role within their community was heavily disrupted, causing a many Indigenous individuals to feel isolated from their culture and community.
This is also evident today, with the high incarceration rates of Aboriginal Australians (28% of Australia’s prison population, while only representing 3% of the Australian population) restricting many Aboriginal Australians from fulfilling their ceremonial duties, as they are unable to access the land. This shows the effects of separating an Aboriginal Australian from the land on their spirituality as a continuing effect of dispossession.
The separation of one from their kinship group also represents another critical effect of dispossession on Aboriginal spiritualities. Kinship was a system of law and point of fixture that governed all social interactions between Aboriginal Australians, particularly marriage, and was integral to Aboriginal culture and spirituality. Each Indigenous Australian belongs to a kinship group, which aside from dictating social interaction also provide an indigenous Australian with family and community, enabling Aboriginal Australians to pass on their language, Dreaming stories, traditional practices, laws and ritual responsibilities onto the next generation.
By separating an Aboriginal person for their kinship group, you separate them from their family, community and support system, leaving many to feel isolated. During the protection and assimilation policies, Indigenous Australians were purposely separated from their kinship groups and clans in order to effectively destroy and suppress their culture. This is due to the fact that by separating kinship groups, not only did they lose their ability to meet and perform important kinship rituals and ceremonies, but also their language ties, the way they pass on the Dreaming, was severed. This has led to an isolation of both community and culture, which has further disturbed many Aboriginal Australians sense of identity. In this way, it is evident that dispossession through the separation from Kinship groups has had a continuing effect on Aboriginal spiritualities.
The continuing effect of dispossession on Aboriginal spiritualities is evident through the continual effects of the Stolen Generations on the children, parents and communities involved. “We took children from their mothers,” the Stolen Generations is the term used to describe the forceful removal of Aboriginal children from their family and community during the policies of protection and assimilation. The effects of this were detrimental to the stolen children, as not only (in many cases) did they suffer physical and sexual abuse from their new families or at the missions and reserves, but also many suffer to this day from a severe identity crisis due to the fact that they never knew their family or the culture they belong to. The communities also suffered greatly at they were now unable to pass on their culture and spirituality to the next generation, causing a loss of culture and spirituality on a grand scale. Many Indigenous Australians that were taken during this time never regained contact with their families, and many of the ones that did found that they could no longer communicate with them due to the language not being passed down to the child. This isolation from community and culture has led to many of the stolen children, as adults to suffer from psychological illness and distress, such as depression, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). This lack of community and family creates a lack of a reliable support system, which consequentially led many Indigenous Australians to look for support and relief elsewhere, leading many to substance abuse and alcoholism. Therefore, it is evident that the Stolen Generations represents a continuing effect of dispossession on Aboriginal Spiritualities.
Through the Stolen Generations and the separation for kinship group and land, it is clear that dispossession, whereby Aboriginal people were forcibly removed from their land, security, way of life and culture, has had a critical and continuing effect on Aboriginal spirituality and therefore on the Australian identity, as, according to Paul Keating, “the plight of Aboriginal Australians affects us all.”
Hope this helps! Good luck with trials everyone :D
Could they actually give us a question like this........ :-[
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Could they actually give us a question like this........ :-[
They probably could, but it definately wouldn't need to be this long. This was a 10 marker for an assessment task, the ones in the exam will be a 5 marker.
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Could they actually give us a question like this........ :-[
They probably could, but it definately wouldn't need to be this long. This was a 10 marker for an assessment task, the ones in the exam will be a 5 marker.
sudodds is correct, the 2015 HSC 5 mark question for this section was very similar to this :)
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They probably could, but it definately wouldn't need to be this long. This was a 10 marker for an assessment task, the ones in the exam will be a 5 marker.
Could they actually give us a question like this........ :-[
sudodds is correct, the 2015 HSC 5 mark question for this section was very similar to this :)
I might be doubling up on what people have already said but did you know that "continuing effects of dispossession" is BOSTES favourite topic to ask questions about? Look through all the past papers, it is mentioned in there much more than anything else (with a different stimulus or no stimulus though)
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How many Australians recorded ‘Christian’ on the census in 1947? How many in 2011?
1947 → 88% 2011 → 61.1%
In 2006, how many people in Australia declared ‘no religion’ or ‘not stated’ in 1947? In 2011?
1947 → 0.03% (no religion) 11.1% (not stated)
2011 → 22.3% (no religion)
What was the dominant faith tradition in 2011?
In 2011, Christianity was the dominant religious traditions with 61.1% of the Australian population. However, this was a decrease from 2001 → 68.0% 2006 → 63.9%
What is immigration? What were the main religions that came to Australia since 1945 and in what time periods? What were the main reasons for immigration?
In 1945, Australia had one culture (British), spoke English, and was predominantly a Christian country. Census statics show that in 1946, Christianity as a whole held 88% of the total population. Non-Christian religions had about 0.5% and those who sated ‘no-religion’ or ‘not-stated’ had a total of 11.4%. Due to immigration from Europe, after World War 2, over 17 Christian denominations now resided in Australia. Maronites and Coptic Christinas joined Orthodox Christians from Greece, Russia, Armenia, and Macedonia. The statics show that in 1947, Buddhism 0.01%, Hinduism 0.01%, Islam 0.04%, and Judaism 0.04% of the Australia census figures. In 2006, the main world religious traditions increased with Buddhism, 2.1%, Hinduism 0.7%, Islam 1.7% and Judaism 0.4%. The trend is that all of the main world religious traditions in Australia are increasing.
What does ‘Ecumenical mean? What aims do ecumenical organisations have in Australia?
Ecumenical means promoting or relating to unity among the world's Christian Churches, the aim for acts of peace, faith and unity, and social justice.
If anyone wants to know about SECULARISM:
Secularism
Religion is seen as separate from society
Religious ‘values’ declining or the links with traditional faiths
Replaced by materialism, skepticism and individualism
Disillusionment with traditional religions.
Increase in ‘no religion’/ ‘not stated’ on census figures.
Individual fulfillment
Perfection or higher states of consciousness
Mystical experiences
The opportunity for a person to possess a unique power
Transformation and renewal
Secularism is the belief that religion should not interfere with or be integrated into the public affairs of society
Philosophically secularism refers to the belief that human ethics and the universe should be understood without reference to religion or the supernatural
Politically secularism refers to the belief that religion should not interfere with the political running of the state
Secularism promotes the idea that society would be better off by not controlled by religion
Diminishing relevance of religious values for the integration and legitimation of everyday life in society
Reasons for secularisation include:
Increasing pluralism (diversity of beliefs and cultures)
Increasing individualism
Increasing materialism
Increasing disillusionment with traditional religions
Increasing scepticism towards the supernatural
Definition
The belief that religion should not interfere with or be integrated into the public affairs of a society. Philosophically secularism refers to the belied that man ethic and the universe should be understood without reference to religion or the supernatural. Politically secularism refers to the belief that religion or the supernatural should not interfere with the political running of the state. Thus, secularism promotes the idea that society would be better off by not being controlled by religion.
Reasons for Secularism
Secularisation is the process of a society becoming more secular, i.e. less religious, secularisation can be seen in the diminishing relevance of religious values for the integration and legitimation of everyday life in society. The declines in religious affiliation, church attendance, prayer and religious orders are all sign of secularisation. Reasons for secularisation include: increasing pluralism (diversity of beliefs and cultures) in Australia means that no single religious belief system in dominant; increasing individualism means that people do not look to traditional communities for meaning their lives; increasing materialism means that spirituality is often ignored in favour of possessions, power, looks and fame; increasing disillusionment with traditional religions for hypocrisy, abuse of power and or irrelevance means that religions have last moral authority and respect; and increasing skepticism towards the supernatural due to scientific progress that means act there are more atheists and agnostics in society. Secularisation of society indicates that more and more people are comfortable to live their lives without reference to religion or god.
Denominational Switching
Transfers of followers from one Christian denomination or variant to another
Usually found in Protestantism and sometimes in other variants
People seek to address spiritual needs and if not met, go elsewhere
Revolving door syndrome-moving from one to other Pentecostalism evangelical, charismatic form of Christianity-emphasis on gifts of the spirit and music.
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How many Australians recorded ‘Christian’ on the census in 1947? How many in 2011?
1947 → 88% 2011 → 61.1%
Thanks for sharing your notes Georgia! I'm sure there will be students scrolling the forums who will find this very beneficial!
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We aren't asked to look at data outside the census, but this article presents something interesting just as some extra info!
"More than 40 per cent of the 795,000 students in NSW's public schools do not list any religion on their enrolment form, according to new data that comes as parents and teachers push for an overhaul of the strict rules that leave students with "dead time" if they do not attend scripture.
Christianity remains the main religion listed (about 45 per cent), especially on Sydney's north shore, while some schools in Sydney's west have as many as 90 per cent of students who identify with Islam.
At Banksia Road Public School, 91 per cent of students listed Islam on their enrolment form while at Bellevue Hill Public, 71 per cent students listed Judaism and at Cabramatta High, 35 per cent nominated Buddhism.
The least religious schools in Sydney include Australia Street Infants in Newtown (90 per cent nominated no religion), Yeo Park Infants in Ashfield (87 per cent) and Girraween Public School (79 per cent).
Students who do not go to scripture or ethics classes, which were introduced in 2011 as an alternative to religion classes, are not allowed to do any educational activities while SRE is being offered, prompting concerns from teachers and parents that crucial learning time is being wasted."
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If I could PLEASE have some feedback or mark out of 5 (even very brief would be extremely appreciated) for these Q11 responses, I'd be very greatfull!!
Sorry about the handwriting, I completed them in exam/timed conditions.
Thanks!!!
(https://uploads.tapatalk-cdn.com/20170903/1bf0cd571e454abeae030e4fba298811.jpg)(https://uploads.tapatalk-cdn.com/20170903/077806fee2d704a56a9be2eb8893c5c1.jpg)
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If I could PLEASE have some feedback or mark out of 5 (even very brief would be extremely appreciated) for these Q11 responses, I'd be very greatfull!!
Sorry about the handwriting, I completed them in exam/timed conditions.
Thanks!!!
(https://uploads.tapatalk-cdn.com/20170903/1bf0cd571e454abeae030e4fba298811.jpg)(https://uploads.tapatalk-cdn.com/20170903/077806fee2d704a56a9be2eb8893c5c1.jpg)
I'm definitely not qualified to give feedback, but the first response can probably get a 5/5 (I have no clue, just the mark I think my teacher would probably give)
For the first one you could talk about the progression more but idk if that's what the question wants, e.g. you could explain more about Native Title in terms of why it wasn't adequate(e.g. mining companies and pastoralists occupied 40% of crown land in Australia) thus Wik as an improvement, and why the consequences of Wik are important e.g. more Aboriginal People are able to practice on sacred sites thus take care of the land which they have an inextricable connection to.
For your second response, you probably ran out of time, but I don't think it's best to end on a quote. I think the contribution of Judaism towards giving support needs more elaboration, e.g. include what they did and expand on how what they did was similar to what Christian churches. Maybe you can link the part about Christianity being responsible for disposession more explicitly to how the actions of Christian churches try to make up for that (e.g. offering formal apologies regarding role of missionaries following HREOC report)
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I'm definitely not qualified to give feedback, but the first response can probably get a 5/5 (I have no clue, just the mark I think my teacher would probably give)
For the first one you could talk about the progression more but idk if that's what the question wants, e.g. you could explain more about Native Title in terms of why it wasn't adequate(e.g. mining companies and pastoralists occupied 40% of crown land in Australia) thus Wik as an improvement, and why the consequences of Wik are important e.g. more Aboriginal People are able to practice on sacred sites thus take care of the land which they have an inextricable connection to.
For your second response, you probably ran out of time, but I don't think it's best to end on a quote. I think the contribution of Judaism towards giving support needs more elaboration, e.g. include what they did and expand on how what they did was similar to what Christian churches. Maybe you can link the part about Christianity being responsible for disposession more explicitly to how the actions of Christian churches try to make up for that (e.g. offering formal apologies regarding role of missionaries following HREOC report)
Thank you so much for this! I'll definitely take it on :)
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Hi All,
Ive been doing a bit of HSC Past paper research to try and make a prediction regarding this years REL in Aus post 45 5 marker.
From what i have seen, im predicting that it will be " Account for the present relgious landscape"
Does anyone else have any other predictions ?
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Hi All,
Ive been doing a bit of HSC Past paper research to try and make a prediction regarding this years REL in Aus post 45 5 marker.
From what i have seen, im predicting that it will be " Account for the present relgious landscape"
Does anyone else have any other predictions ?
Based on the fact that as of 2016, "no religion" made quite the debut as being a greater percentage of the population than Christianity, something regarding the landscape that allows you to focus on that wouldn't surprise me. In saying this of course you can never be certain, but I think there's a lot to talk about so I'd be very happy with this kind of question!