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November 01, 2025, 10:13:53 am

Author Topic: Univariate questions  (Read 1584 times)  Share 

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horizon

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Univariate questions
« on: February 15, 2011, 11:32:12 am »
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Just two quick questions:

Can you use the 68-95-99.7% rule if the graph is skewed?
Or am I right in saying that you can only use it if it is symmetrical and bell shaped?

Also, I found this in the essentials textbook in one of the questions.
What is the 'count'? <<This is really bugging me, cos my teacher doesn't know.

Thanks ;)

_avO

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Re: Univariate questions
« Reply #1 on: February 15, 2011, 03:34:55 pm »
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Just two quick questions:

Can you use the 68-95-99.7% rule if the graph is skewed?
Or am I right in saying that you can only use it if it is symmetrical and bell shaped?

Yep only symmetrical (normally distributed) data can you use that rule

Quote
Also, I found this in the essentials textbook in one of the questions.
What is the 'count'? <<This is really bugging me, cos my teacher doesn't know.

Thanks ;)
What's the whole question ask? I've never seen that before
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Shannon101

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Re: Univariate questions
« Reply #2 on: February 16, 2011, 11:19:32 am »
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Can you use the 68-95-99.7% rule if the graph is skewed? Or am I right in saying that you can only use it if it is symmetrical and bell shaped?
Yes this needs to be symmetrical, and bell shaped. That said, I did see a sneaky question on an exam once which had a histogram that was symmetrical, the question didn't state it followed a normal distribution (bell-shape) but the answer required you to apply the 68-99-99.7% rule to get it right. In that case it worked because of the symmetry though. It wouldn't work if it was skewed, so don't apply it in those cases.

Also, I found this in the essentials textbook in one of the questions. What is the 'count'? <<This is really bugging me, cos my teacher doesn't know.
It's a bit hard to tell without seeing what context this was asked in. Could you type out the whole question for us please? My guess is it would be to do with the "n" figure. That is, the total number of observations in a data set when you count them up. This is used sometimes to work out the median ((n+1)/2) and for working out the standard deviation using the formula (but you can just do this on your calculator) and things like that.
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horizon

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Re: Univariate questions
« Reply #3 on: February 20, 2011, 06:27:13 pm »
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Example question for the 'count':
The pulse rates of 23 students are given below.
86 82 96 71 90 78 68 71 68 88 76 74
70 78 69 77 64 80 83 78 88 70 86

a Use a graphics calculator to construct a histogram so that the first column starts at 63 and
the column width is two.
b For this histogram:
i what is the starting point of the third column?
ii what is the ‘count’ for the third column? What actual data values does this include?
c Redraw the histogram so that the column width is five and the first column starts at 60.
d For this histogram, what is the count in the interval ‘65 to <70’?

I hope that clarifies it.

Predator

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Re: Univariate questions
« Reply #4 on: February 20, 2011, 07:01:25 pm »
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Could the "count" just refer to how many data values are present in that column?
I have never heard of the term so just an idea.
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Streaker

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Re: Univariate questions
« Reply #5 on: February 21, 2011, 05:46:39 pm »
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Could the "count" just refer to how many data values are present in that column?
I have never heard of the term so just an idea.

I'm pretty sure you're right.

@OP: don't freak out about it, it's just the number of data values present.

Shannon101

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Re: Univariate questions
« Reply #6 on: February 21, 2011, 10:17:21 pm »
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I agree with the Predator and Streaker - they're using the word "count" in that question in place of the word "frequency" which is what you'd be more used to seeing. They're asking the frequency of the observation/how many times that observation occurred/the height of that column.

So you create your histogram starting at 63 with class intervals of 2. It would look something like this:



b) i) Because your intervals are going up by 2, the first column starts at 63; the second column starts at 65; the third column starts at 67

b) ii) The third column is counting up frequency of data observations that were from 67 up to but not including the start of next class interval (69). Because our data points are all whole numbers, that means the third column counts the occurrences of 67s and 68s.
In the data set, this occurs twice. I.e. 86 82 96 71 90 78 68 71 68 88 76 74 70 78 69 77 64 80 83 78 88 70 86
So the "count", a.k.a "frequency" is 2.

c) I won't redraw the histogram again, but you do the same method only this time your intervals are from 60 up to but not including 65... then 65 starts the next class interval, up to but not including 70... then 70 starts the next interval, and so on.
So the second column along, representing the interval 65 up to but not including 70 counts the occurrences of 65s, 66s, 67s, 68s, and 69s.
In the data set, this occurs three times   i.e.:
86 82 96 71 90 78 68 71 68 88 76 74 70 78 69 77 64 80 83 78 88 70 86
So the "count", that is, number of occurrences or frequency, is 3. 

Hope that helps! :-)
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horizon

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Re: Univariate questions
« Reply #7 on: February 24, 2011, 10:15:10 pm »
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Thanks a lot :)