HatersGonnaHate's Question Thread!

[Daenerys Targaryen]

Hey guys, this is my official question thread where I will post all of my questions about biology.
Here are my first few:

 1. In Photosynthesis, the light dependant stage, where the water is split into 2 electrons, 2 hydrogen ions and one oxygen molecule, and the hydrogen and electron meet each other in stroma and are then picked up by the NADP. What happens here exactly because this is my main confusion which applies for most for the Hydrogen and NADP parts of cellular respiration and photosynthsis. My teacher told me, in specific to the situation above, that the 2 Hydrogen and 2e are combined together and then are joined to the NADP but he wrote this as NADPH + H+. Like what happens to that extra electron... and does NADP carry two hydrogens?
I dunno i have many questions and confusion around this, if anyone could build on this or explain in further depth that would be GREAT!  (Answered but can also be further answered if you like

 2. In photosynthesis, Calvin Cycle, when the NADPH's drop off the H+, does it put a H on each carbon molecule or does it put two to create the C6H12O6

Thanks ~

[paulsterio]

I'll talk about Cellular Respiration first.

So Cellular Respiration is basically Glycolysis (or Oxidative decarboxylation of Pyruvate) -> Citric Acid Cycle (TCA) -> Electron Transport/ATP Formation (Oxidative Phosphorylation)

What you're interested in is the Citric Acid Cycle - you will have a net gain of 6 NADH, 2 FADH2 and 2 GTP
Now, when these go through the electron transport chain, they will basically be oxidised to NAD+, FAD2+
So the reaction for NADH would be: NADH -> NAD+ H+ + e-
The electron is then transferred to oxygen, the proton is pushed into the middle of the mitochondrion membrane, where it estabishes a charge gradient and hence, will force itself back down ATP Synthase which will hence, produce ATP.

I have no idea regarding photosynthesis, I don't do plant biology.

[Daenerys Targaryen]

So in general, the NADP is only a carrier for one Hydrogen not two?

[Scooby]

Yep. NADP+ can carry one hydrogen ion. It's important to know that NADPH and ATP are produced during the light-dependent stage and that these are used along with carbon dioxide in the light-independent stage, but I wouldn't worry too much about how many of each electron acceptor are produced or how many hydrogen ions or electrons can be attached to each. Oh, and it's important to know that water is split in the light-dependent stage and that oxygen is produced as a "by-product".

Also, NAD+ and NADP+ aren't the same. NAD+ is used as an electron acceptor for cellular respiration (forming NADH), while NADP+ is used for photosynthesis (forming NADPH). 

[Daenerys Targaryen]

:O great, was getting confused between the two!
thanks

[Daenerys Targaryen]

Heres my next question:

In photosynthesis, Calvin Cycle, when the NADPH's drop off the H+, does it put a H on each carbon molecule or does it put two to create the C6H12O6

[Daenerys Targaryen]

In the 2012, VCAA sample question about the metabolic rate and effect from evironmental temperture.
http://www.vcaa.vic.edu.au/vce/studies/biology/pastexams/sample/biol1sampv206.pdf

What would do you guys think is the most viable/correct answer?

I've chosen A or C partically because, and -50 the mammal would be shivereing to produces more heat, but could mammal B have tjomler insulation as it is able to maintain its heat within a stricter range?

[Daenerys Targaryen]

Also, this may seem a lil' stupid but what does it mean by arbitrary?
ive dictionary'd it and its says random. how does this make sense with graphs and such?

[InsaneMcFries]

I don't know either but they use arbritrary units just to make it simpler to reference to. Many people wouldn't understand if they reference mol or anything like that.

[Daenerys Targaryen]

would it be safe to assume that its just normal numbers increasing/decreasing?

[WhoTookMyUsername]

arbitrary refers to things you can't easily measure but where an increase in distance from the origin refers to an increase in the value along that axis. It is used when the specific numbers are of little / no importance and / are completely relative (e.g. absorbance)

[Daenerys Targaryen]

ah okay thanks.
for the question above:

In the 2012, VCAA sample question about the metabolic rate and effect from evironmental temperture.
http://www.vcaa.vic.edu.au/vce/studies/biology/pastexams/sample/biol1sampv206.pdf

What would do you guys think is the most viable/correct answer?

I've chosen A or C partically because, and -50 the mammal would be shivereing to produces more heat, but could mammal B have tjomler insulation as it is able to maintain its heat within a stricter range?

[InsaneMcFries]

I would actually choose A, because mammal B actually has a higher metabolic rate at a temperature closer to the optimum than mammal A, indicating mammal B is required to shiver earlier. Therefore mammal A most likely has better insulating fat.

[Daenerys Targaryen]

ah i see. thanks !

[Daenerys Targaryen]

Must we know the four man immunoglobulins? (IgM, IgE, IgA, IgG)
If so what are some possible definitions?