when successful, most referendums, because initiated by the commonwealth, have increased the power of the commonwealth, and in some instances, have reduced the power of the states, bute more so for increasing power of states. also, it might be a sidenote to say that while this is the case, there has been only a limited number of successful referendums, providing proof that they are overly ineffective in both serving as means for change, and also as an initiation of change in the balance of power.
examples:
(for increased commonwealth power and minimised state power) Constitution alteration (state debts act) gave cmwlth "unrestricted power to take over state debts" and also Constitution alteration (social services) allowed both cmwlth and states to to share in provision of social services.
(if your going to say how lack of effectiveness has limited change of power) - only 8 out of 44 have been successful due to factors such as voter conservatism and lack of bipartisan support, also there have been only minor changes in some instances, such as giving territory citizens the vote...
also say how many marks it is