It means you need to state "how much" of a variable, such that you can measure the variable.
Typically, we use this term when referring to the IV, DV, or hypothesis of a research methods scenario.
So for example, let's say you wanted to test intelligence...you might operationalise this as "score obtained on mathematics NAPLAN test out of 40" for the DV and "whether individual completed more than 5 mathematics practice NAPLAN tests or not" for the IV.
In an operational hypothesis, it is important to write the population, operationalised IV and operationalised DV and make it look like a comparison. For example..."That grade 4 students at Mount Waverley primary school who complete more then 5 mathematics practice NAPLAN tests will obtain a higher score out of 40 on Mathematics NAPLAN test, than students who complete less than 5 mathematics NAPLAN practice tests".
Hope this helps & remember not to be lazy when writing out the operationalised variables and stuff, meaning keep everything detailed such that YOU know you can't possibly make it more accurate
