I think it just refers to the P Value. So it determines whether the results occurred but chance.
(Not 100% sure.)
Yeah, the inferential statistics do refer to the p-value. There are, ofcourse, other inferential statistics, but within the VCE psych study design, the p-value is the only one you need to know about.
I think you typed 'inferential statistics' again when you meant descriptive? If this is the case, descriptive statistics refer to graphs, tables, diagrams (e.g. frequency table, histogram), as these are used to organize, summarise and describe the data.
It is from descriptive statistics that we obtain inferential statistics.
Just remember that if only descriptive statistics are provided, no conclusion can be drawn from the experiment. This is because a p-value is needed to draw a conclusion.