I will give you a summary of what I know about your questions, you should follow them up and research deeper into them.
1. Chinese families used to be very big, 1 - 2 generations of the same family would live in the "same" household. This, ofcourse, passes down many family values from one generation to the next and thus creates an environment in which the family would adopt the same traditions for future generations.
2. Most Chinese parents set very high standards for their children, these mainly include school (academics), music and sports. Thus a lot of pressure is put on children (especially for single children) from their parents to encourage them to beat other children in whatever areas they want them to excel in.
3. "Saving face" means “别丢脸” in Chinese. This literally means "don't lose face", but it actually means to avoid embarassment. An example would be a number one student always getting 1st place in exams but got 5th place once, he/she would then study harder so they can "save face".
4. This I'm not quite sure of because I haven't researched this part much for my detailed study, you should check this with your teacher.
5. Nowadays more and more students are striving for a better education (1 reason is due to the single child policy, where parents want their children to excel in everything). As a result the competition to get into universities are much greater than before. Therefore people will have much more pressure exerted on them to get into the universities they wish to attend.
I hope that helps
