Electrophoresis and Fractional Distillation

[menashiiii]

Can someone please explain the processes of these two things?
Like a nice and easy run through, simple definitions?

Thanks!

[chansthename]

Electrophoresis:

DNA fragment - negative.

place dna fragment on negative side of electrophoresis thing. the fragments will travel to the positive side. how far they travel through the gel depends on the weight of the fragment. heavier fragments will stay on the negative side.

Fractional Distillation:

Place mixture at bottom boil.

the one with the lowest boiling point will come from the top and highest will remain in the bottom (depending on temperature).

Extra notes:

It is worth remembering that the equipment gets warmer and warmer. so say we are only distilling ethanol from whatever else we have in the mixture (everything else has a higher boiling point) and guessing that ethanol has a boiling point of 40 degrees (this is theoretical).

The column will warm up to may 38 deg, then the few vapours rising would condense and drop back down. they go up again and as they keep doing this it warms up further and further till it goes into the condensation tube thingo.

[menashiiii]

thanks so much man!

[m@tty]

With electrophoresis it doesn't have to be DNA fragments (but it usually is), it can also be amino acids(in either a basic or acidic solution, so they are charged and will travel when a current is applied) or other small charged particles. Think of it like chromatography.

And with fractional distillation it is noteworthy that the percentage of the lower boiling point species in the gases increases as you move up the column. Also remember that the temperature will remain at the boiling point of each liquid until all of that liquid is evaporated.


EDIT: Oh, and ethanol has a boiling point of 78.4^oC.