VCE Stuff > VCE Global Politics

Impact of Globalization/Internationalism (Articles/Case study/Essays)

<< < (2/3) > >>

cyrus_atlantis:
Kool. Tat'll be gr8! Thanks!

cyrus_atlantis:
http://www.globalization101.org/uploads/File/IMF/imfall2010.pdf

Thought it sounded useful in terms of "how the IMF and World Bank promotes globalisation"
Includes
-structure of organisation
-means to achieve aims
-criticisms

From PDF...
"Conclusion
The IFIs are pillars of globalization. Designed to help manage the international financial system, they have taken on major roles as drivers of closer economic integration of all of the world’s countries, from the advanced to the least developed. They have provided funds and advice to assist countries with their economic development and policy-making. At the same time, they are criticized on many levels—for intrusiveness into the economic and political sovereignty of nations dependent on their aid, lack of transparency, and impact of their policies on societies and the environment. 

The IFIs have responded with new programs to address these critiques. For example, the IMF has begun publishing Public Information Notices (PINs) regarding their Article IV consultations with governments. Also, the IMF has emphasized "ownership" by client countries of the policies it recommends. Finally, the World Bank and the IMF are cooperating in the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HPIC) initiative to provide debt relief. 

Whether or not these new policies will serve to mollify the IFIs critics remains to be seen. Protests continue against the IFIs, and it is likely that controversy about both them and globalization in general will continue for some time. "

cyrus_atlantis:
http://www.globalization101.org/uploads/File/Environment/envall2010.pdf

Effect of globalisation (international trade) on environment
Includes
-issue of global warming(Kyoto...etc)
-ozone layer (Montreal)
And other environmental issues...

From PDF
"
Conclusion
This Issue Brief has described the effect of globalization on the environment both as a result of the increasing integration of the world's economies through international trade and in the context of multilateral, international efforts to combat the most pressing global environmental problems. As we have discussed, countries disagree over the nature and scope of the threats the environment faces and the way to deal with those threats, with scientific, cultural, and economic considerations all playing roles in these disagreements. The common themes running through these disagreements, though, are the trade-offs between economic development and environmental protection and between international cooperation and
individual action"

Some useful statistics
Montreal (1997)
"Between 1986 and 2006, annual worldwide consumption of CFCs declined from 1.1 million tons to 35,000 tons. UNEP projects that if not for the Montreal Protocol, by the year 2050
ozone depletion would have risen 50-70 percent, roughly ten times worse than current levels."

"Developing countries, such as India, China, and Brazil, received $470 million
from 2006-2008 to help to cut back on their production and consumption of ozone-depleting substances."

"Since 1990, $2.4 billion of assistance from the Montreal Protocol’s Multilateral Fund has underwritten over 6,000 projects to reduce usage of ozone-depleting substances in 148 developing countries. The resulting reductions total 230,768 tons in production and 175,864 tons in consumption."

cyrus_atlantis:
http://www.globalization101.org/uploads/File/Trade/tradeall2010.pdf

Effects of gloablisation in regards to international trade

"Introduction
The tremendous growth of international trade over the past several decades has been both a primary cause and effect of globalization. The volume of world trade since 1950 has increased twenty-seven fold from $296 billion to more than $8 trillion in 2005.

As a result, consumers around the world now enjoy a broader selection of products than ever before. Additionally a whole host of U.S. government agencies and international institutions have been established to help manage the evergrowing flow of goods, services, and capital. 
 
Although increased international trade has spurred tremendous economic growth across the globe—raising incomes, creating jobs, reducing prices, and increasing workers’ earning power—trade can also bring about economic, political, and social
disruption.

Because the global economy is so interconnected, when large economies suffer recessions, the effects are felt around the world.  When trade decreases, jobs and businesses are lost.  In the same way that globalization can be a boon for international trade; it can also have a crushing impact.       
 
The following Issue Brief is designed to help you understand some of the fundamental economic principles behind international trade, familiarize you with some of the technical terms, and offer some insights into some of the controversies surrounding international trade policy both in the United States and abroad. "

cyrus_atlantis:
http://www.globalization101.org/uploads/File/Development/devall10.pdf

Effects of internationalism (and some NGOs) on human rights and refugees

Include
-World Bank
-United Nations Development Program
-World Trade Organisation (doha Round 2001 - agricultural subsidies...etc)
-Some case studies
-MDGs

Useful statistics
"In 2009, the World Bank provided $14 billion in grants and loans to middle- and low-income nations. Africa received $7.9 billion, while South Asia borrowed $4.1 billion. The figure below displays these numbers; Africa’s loans represent the largest fraction of the total aid provided by the World Bank." (world Bank Annual report 2008)

Navigation

[0] Message Index

[#] Next page

[*] Previous page