Question 1
a) Outline how attention in observational learning led to David developing a phobia of cockroaches.
(2 marks)Observational learning describes learning that is a result of observing others. David's mother (who, it can be assumed, that he has a good relationship with, thus making her behaviour more influential) made her phobia regarding cockroaches very apparent, which caught David's attention. As he noticed his mother reacting negatively to cockroaches, they became associated with negativity.
b) As an adult, David decided to seek professional help to manage anxiety associated with his phobia of cockroaches. David’s psychologist recommended using breathing retraining.
How could context-dependent cues help David remember his psychologist’s breathing retraining instructions?
(2 marks) (honestly don't know the answer, but a teacher at my school always says "If you're stressed, just breathe in Jesus"
, so I think David just needs to breathe in Jesus for a second)
My guess is that, the cue is cockroaches, and overtime he sees a cockroach and begins to panic he will recall his psychologist's breathing retraining instructions... it has something to do with the amygdala (I think)
c) Explain how one evidence-based social intervention could be used to further assist David in managing his specific phobia of cockroaches.
(3 marks) Question 2
What is an advantage of using this experimental design?
(1 mark)Using repeated measures allows experimenters to asses whether or not the buzzer has become and conditioned stimulus, and produces a conditioned response.
(random side note: wouldn't it be a better experimental design if the experiments used the matched participant design and had an experimental group and a control group, or, changed the orders of the stages? Like in stage A, there should be the unconditioned stimulus, but no food. And then in stage B, it should be unconditioned stimulus and food, and then in stage C, conditioned (potentially) stimulus and no food - in order to see if there was a conditioned response... Idk, just my thoughts
)
Question 3
Compare how REM and NREM sleep would differ in a hypnogram of a healthy adolescent and a hypnogram of an elderly person.
(2 marks)lol, I should remember this from unit 1... but I don't. Something about you sleep less when you're older, do you also have less REM sleep when you are older? No clue...