Okay so I did VCAA 2001 Unit 4 and have a few questions.
Q6(b)Identify one selection pressure which may occur in spring and explain how this selection pressure accounts for the difference in the frequency of the two differently coloured ladybird beetles
I identified the correct selection pressures---predators
I then said In the spring there may be predators that can more easily identify & find black beetles than red beetles thus they are more likely to be eaten by the predators thus population decreased i.e Perecentage of black beetles decrease
The model answer is:
Predators (e.g. birds) are the selection pressure and flowers present in spring which camouflage the red beetles from
predators. The black beetles are more obvious and are eaten by predators while the red beetles survive and reproduce or a
different predator is present in spring that eats black beetles in preference to the red beetles.
Did I have to suggest the presence of flowers?
Q7(b)(i) Give one possible reason why fossils of Archaeopteryx are rare:
My answer: It is a transitional species & fossil. Which would have existed for a short time period
VCAA answer: Archaeopteryx were not common or lived in area where conditions were unsuitable for fossilisation or only lived in a small
region or the animal deteriorated before fossilisation.
(ii)Give one possible reason why some of the Archaeopteryx fossil are incomplete
My answer: they were not fully buried initially
VCAA answer: Before fossilisation the individual was partially eaten or decomposed or its bones were scattered by water/predators. After
fossilisation the fossil could have been broken or destroyed by Earth’s movements.
Q8(b) Attached
My answer Those isolated populations are not representative of the original population thus will have varying allele frequencies & if g allele is not present it won't get inserted unless gene flow occurs
VCAA answer: The Founder effect or population established from a few individuals which randomly results in different allele frequencies
depending upon the genotypes of the founding members or a Bottleneck or population reduced to a few individuals
randomly result in different allele frequencies or Genetic Drift, in a population there may be chance events which can cause
changes in allele frequencies and this has a greater potential impact on a small population.
Students who referred to the example given and mentioned what may happen if the founding members of a population
were all heterozygotes or alternatively all homozygotes(GG) were awarded full marks.
Thankyou