I started with a similar situation to you. 180cm, 58kg, super high metabolism. So I'll offer you my advice. The best thing you can do is go and get a few personal training sessions, that's what I did and it helped me get started. I would highly recommend a personal trainer if you don't know how to correctly do each exercise, because some, if you don't position yourself correctly, can cause severe damage to your body which can take years of recovery eg Dead Lifts.
The first thing to realize is that everyone is going to have an opinion on the 'best workout schedule', what I have found is you need to trial a few and see what works best for you because everyone's body and lifestyle is different. Your trainer will write you a good program if you ask them to.
Getting bulk from lifting works like this:
1. Go to the gym and lift weights. This fatigues your muscles and, in fact, breaks them down and they actually will be weaker immediately after a gym session. This is good.
2. Go home and as soon as possible eat something full of protein (The general consensus is within 30 mins of finishing lifting get some protein for maximum effect - the longer you leave it the less effect it has). Protein will essentially repair your broken muscles, and if you eat enough, they will repair stronger than before.
3. Don't workout the repairing muscles for at least one whole day to give them time to repair fully. Get a GOOD nights sleep (Very important - don't stay up till 3am, go to bed before 11pm), and don't drink alcohol after working out.
4. During the 'rest' period, you must eat a lot of food if you want to gain weight. It can be basically anything as long as there is plenty of protein and carbs. Generally around 30g of protein and carbs per meal is a good standard to have. Try and eat around 5 meals per day of this nature.
5. repeat.
Carbs will give you energy to work out, and also help transport protein to your muscles. One big thing to realize is that putting on muscle is much more dependent on diet and sleep than the workout. The workout just gets your muscles in a position where they have the ability to grow, then you feed them protein, and sleep well, and they will grow. If you just workout everyday and do nothing else, you will get weaker and probably injure yourself.
Make sure you drink A LOT of water as well, 2L per day minimum. A healthy human body only needs one eggs worth of protein per day which is around 10g I believe (to remain healthy), so when your eating hundreds of grams of it per day, you need to make sure any excess that does not go to your muscles is washed through you. Otherwise it accumulates in your kidneys and you will develop kidney stones, which I've heard are not fun. So DRINK LOTS. I have two 1L containers in my fridge which I strive to finish both everyday so I know I've got my daily 2L.
That's basically all the theory you need to know. As for a good workout program, for our body types (Tall, slim, high metabolism), the most effective form of weight training is 'high intensity interval training' or HIIT. Basically that means you will lift high weight, only do a few repetitions, but do more sets. As oppose to lifting medium weight, lower number of sets, higher number of repetitions. For the latter, you may generally do 3 sets of 8 to 12 reps. For HIIT training you would usually do 5 sets of 3-6 reps. It's also best to spend no more than 1 hour at the gym, because as you start working out your body releases the stress hormone (Can't remember its name), and this hormone eats away muscle. So go in, hit it hard, then get out and eat.