When we want to insert a gene into a plant do we do recombinant plasmids? What part of the plant do we put it in?
Plasmids will only work if the gene is to be transformed into a prokaryotic cell. For a plant to be transformed by foreign DNA, a variety of techniques are used such as use of viral vectors, use of agrobacteria and particle bombardment (to name a few) And for humans we infect cells with a virus containing recombinant DNA, culture the cells and then inject into patient? How do we inject the cells? Just a needle?
Gene therapy in humans is as of now heavily restricted. (No gene therapy drug has been approved). This is usually done with a viral vector that invades cells and reproduces the required gene to be translated (providing the protein lacking in the body). Transfection using adeno and retro viruses differ slightly due to the nature of the genetic material contained within each. The transfection would theoretically be done directly, i.e. the human would be infected directly not with some cells grown in a culture. Cells grown in culture may be ineffective particularly if the viral vector used is an adeno virus as when DNA replicates, it would not replicate the necessary protein. And have we decided on a clear cut definition of selection pressure?
"Any cause that reduces reproductive success in a proportion of a population, potentially exerts evolutionary pressure or selection pressure." Definition from interwebz 
What is used to combine the two different single strands of DNA in hybridisaton?
One DNA strand is marked (via radioactive isotopes or some other method) and is then denatured so that the hydrogen bonding between the two strands is broken. The DNA is mixed with an unmarked sample and then heated and cooled. The strength of the new hydrogen bonds formed between the different strands is then tested to determine a "melting point". Hominin is all bipedal primates and hominid is all humans and human like species?
Basically. Hominin refers to all members of the genera Homo, Australopithecus, Paranthropus and Ardipithecus.
Homonid refers to all great apes (both living and extinct) and their immediate ancestors.
One way of thinking of it is that Homonid contains everything in homonin plus apes, chimpanzees etc. What does it mean by sloped face, is that protruding or non protruding jaw?
Sloped face refers to the angle of incline from the top of the face to the bottom of the face. Humans have a generally flat face, compare this to the faces of chimpanzees which protrude and have a much larger incline.Is the centromere important for anything other than allowing for cell division to occur? When the chromosome splits into two chromatids that move to opposition poles, is that the deactivation of the centromere?
Deactivation of a centromere means that if two chromosomes were to combine, one of the centromeres would become "deactivated" and lose it's function as a centromere. This allows normal meiosis to occur.What is more significant to evolution, crossing over or mutations?
Mutations. Crossing over just increasing the ability for traits to be passed on. It is random mutations that allow a species to evolve based on various selective pressures. Sorry it took so long for someone to answer you question. x_x
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