SO I originally posted this in the VCE English discussion, but it kinda didn't get any love, and I'm kind of a bit behind on a comparative essay I was gonna use it for...
RE: Animal farm, definitely not a lampoon against socialism per se as much as a large state controlling peoples lives and a narrative around the power structures in society.
Orwell was definitely on the left and thought socialism was an ideal. It is important to note there are many different kinds of socialism/communism. Most people picture Soviet Russia and this is what Orwell was rebelling against. It was a revolution that he thought was rapidly going off the rails. It is a form of communism called "council communism"/"soviet communism" where a lot of the decisions are made by a concentrated, small group of people (i say basically a new elite/monarchy). This is seen in animal farm with power over the many concentrated in the hands of the few. I would not say this is true communism but that is a very complicated analysis that i wont go into here.
Orwell was more of an anarchist/libertarian and disagreed with power structures as a whole. Succinctly the idea of these philosophies is to disperse power widely or make the structures and laws of society such that it is hard for the few to have power over the many. You can have anarchistic or libertarian forms of communism and socialism. At one end, they are totally voluntary, it's basically people forming co-operative societies and groups. These already exist in a lot of places, including Australia. You all start a business together by pooling your money, you all work in it together and you all share the profits. Note it is
not like capitalism where one group/person or the person with the most money controls the business/means of production and makes most of their profits
not off their own work but
the work that their workers do; in a cooperative system the profits are shared with the workers. But it is totally voluntary to join this kind of business and participate for instance, so, there is no power over anyone and Orwell would have approved of this kind of communism/socialism.
I haven't read the book for maybe 10 years so i wouldn't use it in an essay. It at least highlights some of the different strains of thought (in a shallow and brief way).