Test Questions (NO BOOKS ALLOWED)
What are some advantages and disadvantages of:
(a) Random Sampling
(b) Stratified Sampling
(c) Independent Groups
(d) Matched Participants
(e) Repeated Measures
(f) CT Scan
(g) PET Scan
(h) ESB
(i) EEG
(a) Random Sampling
Advantage; quick
Disadvantage; may not be representative
(b) Stratified Sampling
Advantage; representative
Disadvantage; takes longer to create
(c) Independent Groups
Advantage; eliminates order effects
Disadvantage; requires the most participants
(d) Matched Participants
Advantage; eliminates extraneous variables
Disadvantage; time consuming
(e) Repeated Measures
Advantage; less participants needed
Disadvantage; order effects can occur
(f) CT Scan
Advantage; shows structural abnormalitites, such as strokes, tumours etc
Disadvantage; Does not show the functions of the brain
(g) PET Scan
Advantage; Shows the function of the brain whilst involved in a particular activity
Disadvantage; harmful as it involves radioactive isotope
(h) ESB
Advantage; can determine what tissue is dead or alive (whilst operating) and can determine what part of the cortex is responsible for the action that it inhibits or activates.
Disadvantage; invasive as it requires the removal of the skull
(i) EEG
Advantage; can be used on children, non-invasive, shows brain activity whilst involved in a particular task, e.g. sleeping, awake and so on.
Disadvantage; most primitve technique, does not show structure of the brain or function, to an extent.