I will try not to answer these and instead point you in the right direction.
If you dont agree/don't understand something i have said, please feel free to discuss it further!
Question 1The question asks for a psychological factor that perpetuates Lu-Van’s anxiety.
While stigma (option A) does operate as a perpetuating factor as Lu-Van’s embarasment about her mental health disorder prevents her from getting help, it is a social factor (stigma is a product of ideals within society) rather than a psychological factor.
As a hint I should remind you that memory is a psychological function
Quesiton 2A single blind procedure is one where only the research participants don't know if they are in the placebo group or the experimental group.
A double bling procedure is one where neither the research participants or the people conducting the experiment (research assistants) know who's in the placebo group or the experimental group.
Your answer B, is unfortunately incorrect as if only the research assitants knew, the procedure would only be single blind, not double blind.
Question 3The restorative theory of sleep basically states that NREM sleep restores physiologtical functions and REM sleep restores psychological functions.
Since 'energy' is attributed to physiological restoration, it is related to NREM sleep, not REM sleep as option A indicates
Question 4Unfortunately I have forgotten to include the part of the question stem where it talks about the actual experiment conducted which might have made answering this quesiton a more confusing without having the context, but still doable.
The question asks for a variable that counfounds the interpretation of the results - something known as a counfounding varaible.
A confounding variable is one (by VCAA's words) that is" systematicaly confuted with the independent variable" where it effects the DV such that the effect of the IV on the DV cannot be known. This definition can be pretty hard to gather much from, so it might be better to think of a confounding variable as a variable that changes with the IV and has an impact on the DV such that the IV's effect can't be determined.
In this case context is confuted with the independent variable of the experiment as each experimental group is tested in a diffent context, thus context can be considered a confounding varaible.
For comparison, an extraneous variable is any uncontrolled variable (including confounding variables) but may also be a variable that might have an effect on one trial, but not neccasarily another (if that makes sense)
Option B describes context as something that could have an effect on the reliability - an explanation which does not neccasarily describe content as a confounding variable which is what the question asks for. Another answer does however better describe context as a confounding varaible.
Question 5Learning to go to the parent who is in the better mood could happen through any means of reinforcement/punishment depending on the nature in which she learns the behaviouir (additional context which is not mentioned in the question stem). As this is something we cannot know, the first three options are rules out.
This leaves the last one as correct and is such becuase Hayley is described to identify the mood of her parent as a
stimulus that descriminates (that she can use to predict) the desired and undesired outcomes. For example she can identify the good mood of her parent as a stimulus that indicates a likely desired outcome (of getting to borrow a car) and the bad mood of her parent as a stimulus that indicates a likely undesired outcome (of not getting to borrow a car).