Oh well, another thing to add to my cheat sheet when nliu answers haha
Aww English Language is the day after and you still have Uni exams?
But look at the bright side, you'll be able to say three 50s down (the way you demolish those spesh, chem and physics questions... far out lol), one 45+ to go and the uni stuff doesn't really even count haha.
Im sorry to disappoint for I'm not nliu (@ nliu you have no idea what autocorrect on my iPod suggested for your nick LOL)
1) Anonymiza youre actually doing a paper from an older study design when students where actually required to know how things worked D; D; D; IKR THE SHOCK
2) Most simply put, what you have us a single transistor amplifier. Because you have an NPN transistor, when a large input signal comes in through the base, a "smaller" output voltage signal I recorded. Note if it was a double transistor amplifier then it would be non inverting
3) I really don't want to go into capacitors specifically, only because the textbook brushes on n-p and p-n junctions (not in stuy design) but no capacitors or the saturation point or cutoff point of transistors.
It's suffices to say you WON'T get a question like this. it's nice to know how an amplifiers work so you can answer questions like this, but 2013 VCE physics just doesnt require this standard.
EDIT: Sorry if I sound a bit too cynical of the physics subject. I put it down to my old age and that I did quite a few older exams (2009 was when they made the cuts/change ) just to spice up my revision last year