VCE Biology Question Thread

[millie96]

Do we need to explain in detail gene induction?

e.g. operons, promoters etc

[Zailiner]

Are we allowed to write in red pen? Like for subheadings when constructing an experimental design and such...

The instructions just state "Students are permitted to bring into the examination room: pens, pencils, highlighters, erasers, sharpeners and rulers".
Doesn't specify, so you should be A-OK.

[Coralista]

Do we need to explain in detail gene induction?

e.g. operons, promoters etc

I don't think so, the study design specifies anything we need to study in detail.

[katiesaliba]

So, B cells cannot initiate clonal expansion without the stimulation from cytokines?

So what happens if a B-cell encounters an antigen? If I recall correctly, it will present the antigen to a T-helper cell via its MHC class II markers,
which will confirm the antigen as a foreign object and the T-helper will then release cytokines? Or am I completely wrong?

Antigens will bind to complementary antibodies on B-cells, which B-cells will then engulf via endocytosis. The antigens will then be broken down and its antigenic peptides will be  complexed with a MHC II marker.   

[katiesaliba]

Are we allowed to write in red pen? Like for subheadings when constructing an experimental design and such...

...and then my experimental design answer will be a mess of blue ink with pink highlighter trying to separate different sections :')

[Han123]

...and then my experimental design answer will be a mess of blue ink with pink highlighter trying to separate different sections :')

One of the people at a lecture I went to said to never use highlighter in an answer, as the scanner just detects it as a thick black line so you can't actually see what's underneath the highlighting- not sure if it actually does, but probably better to be safe than sorry!

Edit: Just googled it and yellow is okay (blue and green maybe), but never orange or pink because the writing typically can't even be seen.

[Reus]

Do we need to explain in detail gene induction?

e.g. operons, promoters etc

nope

[AllG_]

Two questions:
1) Why have we developed a parabollic dental arch?
2) Are we allowed digital watches in the exam

[millie96]

does anyone have simple steps of gene cloning?

[Tyleralp1]

Would you recommend while reading a question to highlight key words/information with a a highlighter? Or just underline/circle with pen?

Is this even worth doing? Would it be beneficial, or be a time waste, and perhaps further confuse yourself?

[katiesaliba]

Why are swollen lymph nodes a defence mechanism?!

[Reus]

what are antibody serums?

[millie96]

what are antibody serums?

antibodies produced from other organisms injected into humans (passive immunity)

so for example, horses are injected with snake venom so they produce antibodies in response. These are then extracted from the horses to make an anti venom serum

[vcestudent123]

Why are swollen lymph nodes a defence mechanism?!

Well since Lymph Nodes tend to contain B and T cells  + other immune cells, then a swollen lymph node would indicate that 'destruction' of a harmful invader such as bacteria is occurring.

[chekside]

When doing a genotypic/phenotypic ratio with a lethal allele involved, do you include the genotype/phenotype that had the lethal combination or do you ignore it in the ratio?