because it says his blood alcohol level (BAC) decays exponentially, you know that it decays 20%/hr just by reading the question ie. it decays to 80% of its level at the previous hour
a) so after three hours, his BAC will have decayed to approximately 51.2%
to get this answer, you simply take 0.8^3 and convert it to a percentage
the amount that is actually in his bloodstream is about 76.8 mg/dL
if you actually wanted to use calculus/any graphing technique you could look at the graph y=0.8^x, where y = %alcohol still in system and x = time
you'll still get the same answer
b) 20/150= 0.133333333333...
so you calculate when y=0.8^x cuts y=0.133333333...
0.8^x=0.133333333333...
x=log 0.1333333333.../log0.8 (using log laws)
x= approximately 9.030 hrs
you don't actually need calculus to solve this question
hope this helps
