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Euripides is a woman hater or a sympathiser for women in Ancient Greece? Discuss. “Medea”, the Ancient Greek tragedy written by the famous playwright Euripides in 431 BC, demonstrates how evil and destructive women can be. The protagonist Medea is established as an excessively passionate, egotistical woman, who sees her husband as her whole life. Her extreme love consequently turned into furious hatred for Jason’s betrayal, and leads to the unforgivable crime of filicide. By doing so, Euripides reveals himself to be a woman hater, demonstrating the evilness of women in love and the horrible passion demonstrated by Medea. However, Euripides also feels sympathy for the deep suffering of women in marriage in Ancient Greece.
Euripides is Misogynistic in his representation of the hideous passion of women, which cause horrible consequences. Euripides clearly demonstrates his protagonist Medea’s fearful passion through her monologue “I am well aware how terrible a crime I am about to commit”, but “passion is the master of my reason”. Medea’s extreme passion consequently causes “the greatest suffering”, which makes this extreme and uncontrollable emotion of woman detestable. Through the comments from the Chorus, Euripides further highlights that Medea’s passionate action of murdering her own children is beyond any human understanding as she is “ruled by passion”. By describing Medea as “the wretched woman” and request for the God to “restrain her [and] hold her back”, the chorus emphasise that it is completely intolerable for a woman to murder kindred, especially 'the fruit of [her] wombs' even if it is based on reasonable passion. The question “how, then, shall the city of sacred streams…give you a home…the unholy one” further highlights that Medea’s filicide is not only cruel, but also goes against the nature of morality. By showing the extreme and awful consequence as a result of woman’s excessive passion, Euripides shows his aversion towards it which makes him appear to be a misogynist.
Furthermore, the dramatist places himself as a woman hater by describing the evilness of woman. The playwright clearly indicates “nothing on earth has a heart more murderous” than a wrathful woman by revealing Medea’s succussive crimes in the exposition of the play and implies her suffering is culpable of punishment. Through the monologue of Medea, Euripides further illustrates the viciousness of women. By cursing her own children “to die along with your father, and all the house to go ruin” and describing women to be “surpassing any master craftsman in working evil”. Medea, a woman figure in Euripides’ play, clearly shows her hideous nature. In this case, Euripides invites aversion from the audience towards Medea and feels horrified for women’s evilness. Medea’s terrific plan that “not one of them will live to boast of vexing my heat” and when she said to use poisons to overcome her enemy “which [she is] particularly expert”, clearly depicts Medea’s vicious nature to the audience. Euripides place himself in a stance of woman hater by portraying Medea into such a malicious woman.
However, Euripides also shows sympathy for the deep suffering of women in marriage in the Ancient Greece. Through the monology of the nurse at the very outset, the playwright clearly indicates that Medea's pain at Jason's hand is tremendous. As a spectator, Nurse refers to Medea as a “poor” and “dishonoured” lady, and has “remained where she lies, surrendering herself to anguish and melting each passing hour with tears” from the moment her husband’s “criminal behaviour” came home to her. By describing Medea’s heartbroken suffering, Euripides shows sympathy for woman’s misery in marriage at Ancient Grecce. Also through Medea’s sorrowful yelling “If only I could die” and “If only a flaming bolt from heaven would pierce my head!”, the playwright invites his audience to understand her huge suffering that Medea has no desire to continue living and thus feels empathetic and sympathetic for her. The playwright also indicates that “women are the most miserable of specimens”. For husband is a woman’s “whole life” in Ancient Greece and it is unable to distinguish whether he is “a good man or a bad” as “body carries no stamp of nature”, and it is “better off dead” if they cannot deal with their marriage partner well. In contrast to women, the man have the right to go out to ease the weariness of his heart whenever he desires. By showing the low status of women in Ancient Greece, Euripides Implies that the life of a woman is miserable and he is sympathetic to their suffering
Euripides’s play Medea explores the shocking consequences of women’s evilness heart, inhumanity and unbearable passion, which caused the great tragic. The playwright thus position himself to be a woman hater by choosing to portray Medea as such a “wretched woman” and demonstrate the hideous passion of woman. Yet, the playwright also implies that this may due to the low status and miserable marriage of woman in Ancient Greece.