question about multiples of 7: I think it assumes that say, 9 is really 000 000 000 9. I think if you included that smaller numerator then you wouldn't get a lower bound of 15456 but something smaller and hence you will not be able to conclude that it's greater than 10000.
1.)
Clue:
the stricly increasing sequence 2,4,6,8...998 (with 1 and 1000 on the ends) can be represented as CNCNCNC...NCN
where C means chosen, N means not chosen.
2.)
You can turn this into an algebra problem, ie prove that:

which is equivalent to:
^{i+1}\binom{n}{i}=0)
4.)
Interesting Q. Try to look for some patterns. E.g: say you label your points like a clock:

. Now if you connect

to

then for that particular chord, you have (i-2) points on the right, and (n-i) on the left, now the only chords that will cross your chord will be the ones being connected to points on opposite sides, so now you have to work how many different such chords are there for each situation. Then do this for all pairs, and try to figure out what you have overcounted and how to fix it.