once a foreign material is introduced to your immune system.. what happens?
I always thought macrophage engulfs this invader and displays the antigens of the invader on its membrane. The macrophage then releases cytokine (interleukin-1?) which brings T helper cells that can bind with the antigens with their antibody-like receptors(t cell receptors). The helper T cells then release cytokine (interleukin 2?) which activates B cells to proliferate into memory cells and plasma cells and T cells such as cytotoxic T cells...
Can cytotoxic T cells eliminate any foreign material on contact by attacking it?
What's the difference between a cytotoxic T cell and a natural killer cell?
argh help!
1. Doesn't have to be a macrophage (can be other types of cells, like B cells or Dendritic Cells)
2. T cells do not bind antigens directly, they can only bind degraded peptides from antigens presented by the APC
3. There are a ton of cytokines and it's not a single IL released at any one stage. Honestly, I wouldn't worry about them because anything you're taught will be a gross generalisation
4. Your general outline is correct. Antigen taken up, shown to T cells, activate B cells and other cells etc.
5. CTLs target entire cells, they won't eliminate soluble foreign material (that's what Antibodies are for)
6. CTLs are T cells, NK cells are not. NK cells predominantly target viral infected cells, whilst CTLs generally target any infected cell (viral, bacterial, tumour etc.)
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