1.
For an IPO chart, you are identifying the input, processing and output of your case study.. For example, for your excel sac, an input could be the data provided by the teachers, processing could be the formulas used on that data, and output would be the information produced.
2.
Contraints refer to the limitations of the solution. As my teacher has explained, remember TOES when thinking of constraints.
T = Technical (E.g. School might not have hardware or software to create solution), O = operational (E.g. staff to use solution have limited I.T skills), E = Economics (E.g. for purchasing Software), S = Social
An important constraint is also time in which you have to create the solution, as it is limited.
3.
Your identifying types of test data to test validation rules and all it's outcome. For example, your data validation rule for a field named no. of siblings could be 'whole number between values of 0 and 15'. Thus, you will use test data to try and test how the validation rule will react when various values are entered. So for no. of siblings, test data could be 0, 4, 15, 16, 5.5
4.
Correct data: Test data that will be accepted under validation rules (e.g For a field named age: 4 as test data would be an accepted value)
Unusual data: Odd test data that tests how data validation rules will deal with these (e.g. A unusual test data could be 5.5 or 'A' for a field named no. of siblings)
Incorrect data: Test data that should not be accepted by validation rules (e.g. For field name age: 219 should not be an accepted value)
5.
For an error log, the table I used was:
Date - Error Description - Solution
Hope that helps : D