CENTRALISED EMPLOYEE RELATIONS AGREEMENTS:
Awards: a legally binding contract setting out the minimum terms and conditions for workers within an entire industry – normally negotiated by a union on behalf of workers.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________
DECENTRALISED EMPLOYEE RELATIONS AGREEMENTS:
Collective agreements (AKA: certified agreements): Negotiated by workers (although, often the relevant unions will undertake this duty) with their employers or their representatives. Certified agreements suit large workplaces where the time involved in negotiating separate contracts for all workers would be too great. Collective agreements are considered and certified by the Australian Industrial Relations Commission.
Australian Workplace Agreements (AWAs): These were individual contracts between the worker and their employer (although unions can negotiate on behalf of the worker if required).
** As you can see, Awards are usually part of a centralised system whereby employees within an ENTIRE industry receive the same pay and conditions... and AWAs and collective/certified agreements are part of a decentralised system whereby pay and conditions can be negotiated at the individual workplace rather than throughout the industry as a whole.... this allows for increased flexibility because employees can negotiate specific pay that best suits their needs and wants....