Wenhao's Biology 3/4 Ques Thread!!!

[LOLs99]

Hi,

Got some questions which are unfamiliar with but they might be stupid questions, sorry about that. Anyway, please clarify these for me. Thank you.

1. Any difference between nucleus and nucleous(or are they the same thing in terms of definition).
2. Mitochondria and Mitochondrian(perhaps spelled wrongly,inform me if I spelled wrongly)- when to use the 1st or 2nd one(when answering questions) + which one is singular or plural.
3. Osmosis- from a region of low solute concentration to a high solute concentration(parts of definition) but someone told me from high solute concentration to low concentration across semi premable.
4. Is there any difference between subunits and monomers? and lipids do not have monomers but subunits,correct?
5. Is polypeptide and protein the same thing, just in different phrases?
6. Do enzymes classified as tertiary stage?why and how do you know?

Hope someone can give me answers or comments on the questions stated above. 
I will ask more questions in this thread throughout the semester if needed + everyone can ask question(s) here or comment anything related to Bio. Happy to hear anything back. Thanks

[tea.squaredd]

1. Any difference between nucleus and nucleous(or are they the same thing in terms of definition).
nucleous makes up 10% of the nucleus. It is the part within the nucleus where RNA is synthesised.
2. Mitochondria and Mitochondrian(perhaps spelled wrongly,inform me if I spelled wrongly)- when to use the 1st or 2nd one(when answering questions) + which one is singular or plural.
Mitochondrion is the singular form of mitchondria (plural)
3. Osmosis- from a region of low solute concentration to a high solute concentration(parts of definition) but someone told me from high solute concentration to low concentration across semi premable.
cbs, but i think latter is correct. However, theere are more precise definitions. look em up
4. Is there any difference between subunits and monomers? and lipids do not have monomers but subunits,correct?
almost no difference.
lipids cannot be technically defined as polymers, hence they dont have monomers. in reality its a glycerol (with a phosphate group attached) and 3 fatty acids (thats a triglyceride which i described), so yeah subunits.
5. Is polypeptide and protein the same thing, just in different phrases?
No. there's a clear distinction.
All proteins are polypeptides but not all polypeptides are protein.
Generally the ones that arent are less than 50 amino acids.. (or thats what i recall)
6. Do enzymes classified as tertiary stage?why and how do you know?
Um, nice grammar
Yeah, enzymes can only be tertiary or quaternary structure (pretty sure..)
Primary structure = sequence and secondary = folds / helices so yeah

THat's off the top of my head. I haven't touched this stuff since june last year xD

[LOLs99]

1. Any difference between nucleus and nucleous(or are they the same thing in terms of definition).
nucleous makes up 10% of the nucleus. It is the part within the nucleus where RNA is synthesised.
2. Mitochondria and Mitochondrian(perhaps spelled wrongly,inform me if I spelled wrongly)- when to use the 1st or 2nd one(when answering questions) + which one is singular or plural.
Mitochondrion is the singular form of mitchondria (plural)
3. Osmosis- from a region of low solute concentration to a high solute concentration(parts of definition) but someone told me from high solute concentration to low concentration across semi premable.
cbs, but i think latter is correct. However, theere are more precise definitions. look em up
4. Is there any difference between subunits and monomers? and lipids do not have monomers but subunits,correct?
almost no difference.
lipids cannot be technically defined as polymers, hence they dont have monomers. in reality its a glycerol (with a phosphate group attached) and 3 fatty acids (thats a triglyceride which i described), so yeah subunits.
5. Is polypeptide and protein the same thing, just in different phrases?
No. there's a clear distinction.
All proteins are polypeptides but not all polypeptides are protein.
Generally the ones that arent are less than 50 amino acids.. (or thats what i recall)
6. Do enzymes classified as tertiary stage?why and how do you know?
Um, nice grammar
Yeah, enzymes can only be tertiary or quaternary structure (pretty sure..)
Primary structure = sequence and secondary = folds / helices so yeah

THat's off the top of my head. I haven't touched this stuff since june last year xD

1. So nucleous is within(in) the nucleus and do nucleus(or nucleous) contain ribosomes coz RNA is sythesised in nucleous?
2.Yeah I know but the thing is i messed up with "from low to high" and some books state "high to low". I presume both can be use and normally diffusion is from high to low.
3.So lipids can have subunits.
4. For ther proteins and polypeptides thinggy, I will ask my bio teacher.
5."Umm nice grammar"??What r ya telling me .
6. Can you say amino acids are primary structure?

[CaiTheHuman]

5. A protein is either a teritary or quarterney structure. It just means they have been folded in some way. Proteins are made up of one or more polypeptides.For example Haemoglobin has 4 Polypeptides which have been folded in order to create its quarterney structure. In short they are folded and arranged in way so they can serve a certain biological function.  Polypeptides are just very long and continous chains of amino acids to keep it simple .

Edit: For a simple distinction. Proteins = folded polypeptides. Polypeptides = Unfolded

[CaiTheHuman]

3. This can be very confusing but its very easy to recify. Some books may say. High concertration if water to a low concertration of water. Solute is referring to the concertrations of ions. Such as sodiumand etc. So in this regard. Low solute concertration to high solute concertration will be correct .As water is moving into a high solute concertration to dilute it til it reaches an isotonic situation. In which an water equilbirum is reached between both environments, (intra and extracelluar).

[LOLs99]

5.So Polypeptide is in which structure as they are not folded?
3. Then what are the two clear definitions that are correct using from high to low and from low to high.

[CaiTheHuman]

5.So Polypeptide is in which structure as they are not folded?
3. Then what are the two clear definitions that are correct using from high to low and from low to high.

5. Pretty much in simple terms . But if we want to get more precise. They just a chain of amino acids .
Ahh i thought i added it in.

If yu ever see these terms describing osmosis in a book.

High to Low ( refers to the water concertration) so theres water moving from the high conc of water to the low conc.
Low to High( Refers to a solute concertration ). In turn means water in a region with a low conc of solutes will move to a region with a high solute conc . To create an equilbirum between the intra and extracelluar environments.

They are both the same concepts. Just worded differently.

[LOLs99]

5. But proteins are still chains of amino acids(but as you said in a folded way),right?
3. I think the main phrases that change the 2 concepts are water concentration and solute concentration,yeah?

I'm more familiar now and thanks mate!

EDIT: Can ya give me a clear definition of water concentrationa and solute concentration.

[tea.squaredd]

5. But proteins are still chains of amino acids(but as you said in a folded way),right?

The major distinction is that a protein has  a FUNCTION.
before, i said all proteins are polypeptides but not all polypeptides are proteins.
if there's a chain of 25 amino acids with no function, its not a protein.. but its still a polypeptide.

3. I think the main phrases that change the 2 concepts are water concentration and solute concentration,yeah?

I'm more familiar now and thanks mate!


EDIT: Can ya give me a clear definition of water concentrationa and solute concentration.

Just google it.

To start off with.. it's weird to say water has a concentration.. because you are measuring water in water if you say that...
on a side note though - water is the element which can have the highest concentration more so than anything else... it's 56 molar. (fun fact lol)
but solute concentration is the amount of solute within a given volume
High solute concentration -> 100g of salt in 50 g water
low solute concentration -> 1g salt in 50 g water

[CaiTheHuman]

I know it is weird D=. Ive just gotten use to what my biology teacher taught me last year >.<.

I think was a region of high water moves to region of low water. Idk xD.

Edit:
@Tea squared : So we could possibly state that a protein is one or more polypeptides which are folded in order to execute a biologicsl function.
Then Polypeptides are single linear chains of amino acids which may or may not serve a function. I need to simplify my understanding.

[LOLs99]

Alright thanks Stephan_ & tea.squaredd for the help

I'm quite familiar with them now.

- if there's a chain of 25 amino acids with no function, its not a protein.. but its still a polypeptide.

-High solute concentration -> 100g of salt in 50 g water
low solute concentration -> 1g salt in 50 g water

Nice explanation and examples.

[LOLs99]

Just asking if I should consider getting NoB student manual activity book or thr teachers version because I think the teachers might be using these books for SACs and stuff.

[Truck]

Hi,

Got some questions which are unfamiliar with but they might be stupid questions, sorry about that. Anyway, please clarify these for me. Thank you.

1. Any difference between nucleus and nucleous(or are they the same thing in terms of definition).
2. Mitochondria and Mitochondrian(perhaps spelled wrongly,inform me if I spelled wrongly)- when to use the 1st or 2nd one(when answering questions) + which one is singular or plural.
3. Osmosis- from a region of low solute concentration to a high solute concentration(parts of definition) but someone told me from high solute concentration to low concentration across semi premable.
4. Is there any difference between subunits and monomers? and lipids do not have monomers but subunits,correct?
5. Is polypeptide and protein the same thing, just in different phrases?
6. Do enzymes classified as tertiary stage?why and how do you know?

Hope someone can give me answers or comments on the questions stated above. 
I will ask more questions in this thread throughout the semester if needed + everyone can ask question(s) here or comment anything related to Bio. Happy to hear anything back. Thanks

Just to clarify a couple things, it's nucleolous and nucleus, the nucleolus being the compartment inside the nucleus.

For Osmosis, the definition I always remembered was the movement of water from a low concentration of solute to a high concentration of solute across a semi-permeable membrane .

[LOLs99]

Thanks for that. Ohh I spelled it wrongly. It's NUCLEOLOUS
and

Osmosis is the diffusion of water, from a region of low solute concentration to a region of high solute concentration across a semi-permeable membrane,is that ok?

[tea.squaredd]

Thanks for that. Ohh I spelled it wrongly. It's NUCLEOLOUS
and

Osmosis is the diffusion of water, from a region of low solute concentration to a region of high solute concentration across a semi-permeable membrane,is that ok?

Oops, my bad, nucleolus.. i was just following wenhao.

also, say diffusion of water MOLECULES