Remember these key points
Function - performs a task which is useful to the programmer, can be called from anywhere in a program, accepts parameters, returns data back into the function name. Example Sin(x), x is a variable and Sin is the function name, this sine function returns a value
Procedure - performs a task which is useful to the programmer, can be called from anywhere in a program, accepts parameters. The difference though is a procedure doesn't return a value
Methods - used a object orientated programming like Objective - C. A method is called on a event, such as when a user presses a button.
Selection Structure - a condition is being tested such as if 1 > 2
Repetition Structure - a number of tasks performed until a condition is met. Example while i > 5
Just a few there, though if you need any else they are in the Software Development Textbook