To people saying "justify freedom being self-evident", I direct you to Alan Gewirth's logical argument which proceeds as follows:
1) Every agent must regard freedom and well-being as necessary goods, as without them we cannot act – cannot be an agent – at all.
Logically, every agent then either
(2) must regard freedom and wellbeing as rights or
(3) must accept that others can curtail his or her freedom and wellbeing.
However, (3) would contradict (1) so therefore every agent must accept (2) to avoid a contradiction. Therefore consistency requires all agents to act to claim their own rights. But to claim rights necessarily entails accepting duties, so the agent must recognize rights for other people. Therefore, it must be concluded that to violate somebody’s rights to freedom and well-being involves the agent in selfcontradiction.
I think Gewirth's reasoning is incompatible with our current situation in that his definition of "freedom" - that is, the will to act independently - doesn't necessarily equate to laws in society. Rather, I think it's only applicable to an individual level.
Perhaps it makes sense in terms of people. Surely, we have the right to think for ourselves and to move in accordance to what our minds dictate.
However, on a social scale, the analogy simply doesn't make sense. The key here is that it says both "freedom" AND "wellbeing". Whilst it may be possible to equate rights to freedom, the logic doesn't entail that rights similarly are equivalent to well-being.
If we were to have absolute freedom, we would be allowed to have murder, stealing, etc., without any sort of repercussions. Hence Gewirth's "well-being" conclusion would in fact be a "stopper" of sorts - we need to find the level where there is a maximal point of both freedom and well being, without one interfering with another. Too much freedom and not enough well-being, and possibly vice-versa (if we were to all be kept in jars but eternally fed and kept happy through drugs, we would have maximum well-being but minimal freedom?).
Hence at a political level, what has to be proved is that the rights China does not approve of are necessary - that is, with them we achieve a higher level of "well-being".