Hey guys, this may be easy, but how do you do part ii ?

To observe why, consider a few examples.
30 has 2 digits. Additionally, \(\log_10 30\approx 1.47\) and 1.47 rounded up gives you 2.
987 has 3 digits. Additionally, \(\log_10 987 \approx 2.99\) and 2.99 rounded up gives you 3.
The simple reason behind this is just the observation that log is a monotonic increasing function, and furthermore,
\( \log_{10} 10 = 1, \log_{10} 100 = 2, \log_{10} 1000 = 3, \log_{10} 10000 = 4 \dots\)
So one of infinitely many consequences is that if \(10 < x < 100 \), then \( 1\le \log_{10} x < 2\), so if you round up \( \log_{10}x\) where x is a two digit number that's not 10 itself, you get back to 2.
 = 301.0299\dots\\ 2^{1000}\text{ must have 302 digits.})