Biology Questions (Photosynthesis, Enzymes)

[Monkeymafia]

Hi all,

Can anyone help answer the below questions? I have provided my own answers for some of them but am not sure if they are correct.

Role of chloroplast DNA in photosynthesis? Not too sure. Could it be that they play a role in transcription, which leads to the production of enzymatic proteins for photosynthesis

Function of following in photosynthesis:
- atp: acts as an energy carrier
- nadph:
- light:

If an enzyme is denatured, what happens to its structure and function at a detailed level?
I understand that it would be inactive, but am not sure what to say about structure.

What is the importance of kinetic energy in enzyme reactions?

Thank you.

[TheAspiringDoc]

Yep that's what the DNA is for.

NADPH transfers H+ and electrons from the light dependent to light independent stage. It is a coenzyme.

Light serves as the energy source that supplies energy for the chemical formation of glucose from CO2 and water.

Enzymes are denatured at the secondary and tertiary structural levels - changing the active site configuration and preventing enzyme-substrate complex formation.

Kinetic energy is things moving and bumping around. More KE causes a higher rate of molecular collisions, causing more frequent enzyme-substrate complex formation, so faster reaction rate.

Bio!!

Edit: I keep upvoting the people below and it keeps disappearing :/

[PhoenixxFire]

Role of chloroplast DNA in photosynthesis? Not too sure. Could it be that they play a role in transcription, which leads to the production of enzymatic proteins for photosynthesis

Yep. Just like all DNA, they provide a template for the production of proteins. Some of these proteins will be enzymes that are involved in photosynthesis.

Function of following in photosynthesis:
- atp: acts as an energy carrier
- nadph:
- light:

Both ATP and NADPH are energy carriers. Depending on the context of a question, it may be appropriate to mention that NADPH carries Hydrogen ions to the light independent stage wheres ATP carries phosphate to the light independent stage, as well as other locations it is needed.

Light is used to split the hydrogen ions from water molecules in the light independent stage (with the oxygen being released as a by product).

If an enzyme is denatured, what happens to its structure and function at a detailed level?

The hydrogen bonds that make up its tertiary (3D) structure are broken. Its secondary structure may also be damaged but this requires more extreme conditions, as these bonds are stronger.

What is the importance of kinetic energy in enzyme reactions?

Kinetic energy is movement. More movement means more chance of molecules (ie. substrate and enzyme) bumping into each other. If there were no kinetic energy, no reactions would occur.


EDIT: TheAspiringDoc beat me to it, but I will leave this here anyway.

[chooby]

Hi all,

Can anyone help answer the below questions? I have provided my own answers for some of them but am not sure if they are correct.

Role of chloroplast DNA in photosynthesis? Not too sure. Could it be that they play a role in transcription, which leads to the production of enzymatic proteins for photosynthesis

Function of following in photosynthesis:
- atp: acts as an energy carrier
- nadph:
- light:

If an enzyme is denatured, what happens to its structure and function at a detailed level?
I understand that it would be inactive, but am not sure what to say about structure.

What is the importance of kinetic energy in enzyme reactions?

Thank you.

Hello!

Not too sure about the first one.

Light triggers the light-dependent stage of photosynthesis. Water would go through photolysis (breakdown by light) breaking it down into 2H⁺, O and 2 electrons.
NADPH / NADP is a coenzyme that transfers electrons and H⁺ ions from the granum (site of the light-dependent stage) to the stoma (site of light independent stage). NADPH is the loaded state of the coenzyme which means it has the H⁺ from the granum and will unload to become NADP in the stroma.

When an enzyme denatures, essentially you are breaking the bonds formed in the tertiary structure (not too sure if it breaks the hydrogen bonds as well) and thus causing it to change shape. By changing its shape, the enzyme can no longer function how it was originally intended to.

Kinetic energy is very important in enzyme reactions. If the energy of the reactants does not exceed the activation energy of the reaction, then the reaction will not occur. That said, enzymes act as a catalyst that lower the activation energy, lowering the required energy for a reaction allowing reactions to happen more often.

EDIT: RIPPERONI beaten by both AspiringDoc and PhoenixxFire

[Monkeymafia]

Thanks to all!