Okay its sort of confusing but I'll try to explain it:
The Muller-Lyer Illusion:
One explanation for the visual illusion is the Perceptual Compromise.
The vision gives us conflicting cues:
1. The central lines of both are the same length
2. The WHOLE figure of the one with the arrowheads is shorter than the other
3. When you impose lines onto the figures (see in Grivas textbook) between the tips of each, the line imposed on the one with the arrowheads is shorter than the line between the tips on the other figure.
From this conflicting information, we make a compromise. We make an explanation for the figure (being that one of the central horizontal lines is longer than the other) that makes sense with all the other information we know about the image, by comparing each piece of information to the other.
Hope this helps! I may have made it more complicated, if so hopefully someone else will provide a better explanation
Ames Room Illusion is a bit more complicated.
Apparent Distance Theory is one explanation you could use.
-"it states that when two retinal images are the same size, but one appears to be further then the one further is larger"
- okay pretty much both corners of the room have the same size image on the retina, but in reality the left is much further from the peephole than the right side. Because they cast the same sized retinal images, we perceive both corners to be the same size, so the room to be a rectangular shape.
-because we are limited to only monocular depth cues, we can't work out the distance from the corners to the viewer
Okay really sorry this turned out to be a LONG explanation
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