VCAA 2005
Question 26
Public language is the language of . . . political and business leaders and civil servants – official, formal,
sometimes elevated language . . . [It] is the language of power and influence . . . Deliberate ambiguities,
slides of meaning, obscure, incomprehensible or meaningless words . . .
example 1
I went into a mode of self-preservation (footballer, Fox Footy Channel)
example 2
The inquiry may allow for relevant businesses or industries to be identiŽ ed and for investigation into the
possibility that certain regional or rural areas of the state would be more affected than others.
(Don Watson, Death Sentence, the decay of public language)
Starting with the examples above, discuss some of the linguistic features of public language. Refer to at least
two of the subsystems in your response.
How are the linguistic features of public language used to exercise power and authority in contemporary
Australian society?
Some suggested examples from each of the subsystems are listed below.
• morphology: neologisms: ‘post 9/11’, ‘un-Australian’; compound words such as ‘non-core’
• lexicology: jargon words and phrases: ‘negative impact’, ‘stakeholders’; technical words: ‘weapons of mass destruction’; doublespeak: ‘exit strategy’, ‘people management’; use of adverbs to hedge: ‘basically’, ‘possibly’
• syntax: compound-complex sentence structure; nominalisations; passive voice
• semantics: ambiguity: ‘emotional intelligence’; cliches: ‘competitive advantage’, ‘outcomes-based’; collocations: ‘collateral damage’, ‘window’
• discourse: elevated, formal register: ‘at the end of the day’; words become phrases: ‘now’ = ‘at this point’
The linguistic features of public language are used to exercise power and authority by:
• creating the perception that the user is expert
• discouraging questions or critique
• creating confusion and uncertainty in the reader because of obscurity, causing reader/listener not to question
• hiding the truth
• complicating meaning
• promoting blind acceptance and obedience.
From what I decipher from that first para. looks like it is Standard English + PC + doublespeak (ambiguities), incomprehensive (ie. language play?)