Login

Welcome, Guest. Please login or register.

August 20, 2025, 11:00:50 pm

Author Topic: Biology Unit 4 Questions Megathread  (Read 60577 times)  Share 

0 Members and 1 Guest are viewing this topic.

scocliffe09

  • Victorian
  • Forum Obsessive
  • ***
  • Posts: 310
  • Respect: +46
Re: Biology Unit 4 Questions Megathread
« Reply #195 on: September 22, 2011, 09:27:53 pm »
0
q) what are the names of eukaryotic organisms that contain DNA from other species? Isn't that transgenic organisms, because prokaryotes that contain DNA from other species areknown as "transformed" organisms. I may be wrong, but hope this helps :)

Yep I agree - transgenic organisms contain DNA from more than one species.
Transcription – the process during which complementary pre-mRNA is created from template DNA in the nucleus. Helicase unzips and unwinds DNA, RNA polymerase bonds the mRNA nucleotides together to form single stranded pre-mRNA which is then transported to the ribosomes following RNA processing.
Just back from spending the year at Oxford. Now onto final year Monash MBBS.

2009: Biology [50], Maths Methods (CAS) [45]
2010: English [50], German [50], Chemistry [50] Monash Uni Chem [5.5]
ATAR: 99.95.

WhoTookMyUsername

  • Guest
Re: Biology Unit 4 Questions Megathread
« Reply #196 on: September 23, 2011, 08:59:14 am »
0
thanks for the help

would you happen to know anything about the evolution question?

also

does that mean it is wrong to describe an organism as being "transformed" or "transfected" when referring not to the result of the process or change but the transgenic organism itself?

EDIT: easily the best definition i've seen :D
thankyou!

would you be able to give me one on translation as well ? (they're the two major ones i feel that are referred to frequently yet hard to succinctly explain)\

also) is mRNA assumed to refer to mature mRNA if written by itself?
« Last Edit: September 23, 2011, 09:04:43 am by Bazza16 »

Kaille

  • Victorian
  • Forum Obsessive
  • ***
  • Posts: 264
  • oohhh football friend?
  • Respect: +6
  • School Grad Year: 2012
Re: Biology Unit 4 Questions Megathread
« Reply #197 on: September 23, 2011, 07:18:22 pm »
0
are block mutations in the bio course? i haven't seen much of it my textbook.....

Yes definitely!!!   Look at VCAA 2008  Short Answer Q4.  Major marks all mased around the idea of block mutations!!
the one about the three factors that must be considered for the design of the research? The suggested answers dont really say much about block mutations. But i suppose it does address the concept of chromosome damage.
I was more thinking whether they are they gonna ask anything specifically about duplication, deletion, inversion and translocation....
B.Biomed, Melbourne 2013-

scocliffe09

  • Victorian
  • Forum Obsessive
  • ***
  • Posts: 310
  • Respect: +46
Re: Biology Unit 4 Questions Megathread
« Reply #198 on: September 23, 2011, 09:36:27 pm »
0
thanks for the help

would you happen to know anything about the evolution question?

also

does that mean it is wrong to describe an organism as being "transformed" or "transfected" when referring not to the result of the process or change but the transgenic organism itself?

EDIT: easily the best definition i've seen :D
thankyou!

would you be able to give me one on translation as well ? (they're the two major ones i feel that are referred to frequently yet hard to succinctly explain)\

also) is mRNA assumed to refer to mature mRNA if written by itself?
Translation – the process during which polypeptides are formed according to mRNA codons, in the ribosomes. tRNA molecules bring amino acids to the ribosomes and according to their complementary anticodons, line up amino acids, forming peptide bonds between them and creating a growing polypeptide chain.

Yes mRNA implies mature mRNA. If VCAA want you to talk about pre-mRNA, they will tell you it's pre-mRNA I think.

re: transformed vs. transfected I think you're nit-picking here. Transgenic is better, but you'd probably still get away with using the other terms.

Coexistence is an interesting one - I can't really see an issue with your hypothetical suggestion that yes, speciation could occur and then so could "re-integration". I think coexistence is certainly suggestive that one species is not the ancestor to the other but I agree that it probably isn't conclusive. That said, it's not likely, as they would have to be sufficiently different to be unable to interbreed (and thus be defined as separate species) but similar enough to both survive in the same environment, and compete with each other...
Just back from spending the year at Oxford. Now onto final year Monash MBBS.

2009: Biology [50], Maths Methods (CAS) [45]
2010: English [50], German [50], Chemistry [50] Monash Uni Chem [5.5]
ATAR: 99.95.

Bing 101

  • Victorian
  • Trendsetter
  • **
  • Posts: 144
  • Respect: +1
Re: Biology Unit 4 Questions Megathread
« Reply #199 on: September 25, 2011, 10:42:52 am »
0
This may have been asked before but i'm revising and cannot really differentiate between DNA fingerprinting and DNA profiling. Whats the difference??
2010 - Psychology

WhoTookMyUsername

  • Guest
Re: Biology Unit 4 Questions Megathread
« Reply #200 on: September 25, 2011, 02:33:24 pm »
0
Some confusing information. Just wanted to know if VCAA sees it the way i ... think they see it

So
A afarensis gave rise to H. Habilis -> homo sapiens
as well as a few other lines including the GRACILE a. africanus -> ROBUST A. Robustus / P. Robustus

Does VCAA like naming the robusts Australopithicines or Paranthropus ?
thanks

also

are chloroplasts inherited from the "mother" or "father" in plants or both?
« Last Edit: September 25, 2011, 06:28:59 pm by Bazza16 »

Kaille

  • Victorian
  • Forum Obsessive
  • ***
  • Posts: 264
  • oohhh football friend?
  • Respect: +6
  • School Grad Year: 2012
Re: Biology Unit 4 Questions Megathread
« Reply #201 on: September 25, 2011, 03:49:52 pm »
0
this might have been asked before but is divergent evolution the same as branching speciation?
B.Biomed, Melbourne 2013-

Mr. Study

  • Victorian
  • Forum Obsessive
  • ***
  • Posts: 494
  • Onion Knight
  • Respect: +18
Re: Biology Unit 4 Questions Megathread
« Reply #202 on: September 25, 2011, 06:04:34 pm »
0
Just one question for today. :(

How can we tell whether an organism is fertile or sterile?

Thank you!
ᕕ( ᐛ )ᕗ

lexitu

  • Victorian
  • ATAR Notes Superstar
  • ******
  • Posts: 2147
  • When I grow up I'm going to Bovine University.
  • Respect: +66
Re: Biology Unit 4 Questions Megathread
« Reply #203 on: September 25, 2011, 10:59:26 pm »
0
Just one question for today. :(

How can we tell whether an organism is fertile or sterile?

Thank you!

If it is fertile then it will be able to produce offspring, if it is sterile then it won't be able to produce offspring :) The common example is the mule.

- - -

a) Bazza - I think this may help:


Quote from: VCAA
Is Paranthropus a separate genus of hominids?

Response:
Yes, Paranthropus is now considered a separate genus of the family Hominade. It encompasses what used to be robust Australopithecines but now deemed to be different enough to have their own genus. For example, what used to be called Australopithecus boisei is now Paranthropus boisei.

Also:

Quote from: http://www.amjbot.org/content/94/8/1333.full
Chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) is maternally inherited in the majority, but not all, of angiosperm species.


WhoTookMyUsername

  • Guest
Re: Biology Unit 4 Questions Megathread
« Reply #204 on: September 26, 2011, 09:01:57 am »
0
thanks lexitu,
do you know if VCAA regards A. Africanus as the ancestor of Homo sapiens or P. Robustus ?

(also, where are those VCAA answers, looking around for them know :D)

lexitu

  • Victorian
  • ATAR Notes Superstar
  • ******
  • Posts: 2147
  • When I grow up I'm going to Bovine University.
  • Respect: +66
Re: Biology Unit 4 Questions Megathread
« Reply #205 on: September 26, 2011, 11:25:43 am »
0
thanks lexitu,
do you know if VCAA regards A. Africanus as the ancestor of Homo sapiens or P. Robustus ?

(also, where are those VCAA answers, looking around for them know :D)

To be honest my memory is a bit hazy on this area :)

Kaille

  • Victorian
  • Forum Obsessive
  • ***
  • Posts: 264
  • oohhh football friend?
  • Respect: +6
  • School Grad Year: 2012
Re: Biology Unit 4 Questions Megathread
« Reply #206 on: September 27, 2011, 07:57:45 pm »
0
is there any difference between a.robustus and p.robustus?
B.Biomed, Melbourne 2013-

WhoTookMyUsername

  • Guest
Re: Biology Unit 4 Questions Megathread
« Reply #207 on: September 27, 2011, 08:02:59 pm »
0
No. As lexitu mentioned in the previous post, VCAA prefers P. Robustus (P denotes "robust" australoptiches, now largely regarded as a seperate genus from A)

Large list of questions coming up (last long list before exam)
thanks in advance!

1) does VCAA regards A. Africanus as the ancestor of Homo sapiens or P. Robustus ?
2) Can aneuploids typically produce offspring?
E.g. A person with a DS has three 21 chromosomes but can still be fertile... how does this work?
3) Do plants usually have sex chromosomes? And do those without tend to self fertilise?
4) Can a population bottleneck NOT arising from chance still be referred to as such?
If so, are there two types of population bottlenecks, only one of which refers to genetic drift?
5) Can genetic isolation refer to genetic isolation at that point in time (e.g. when seperated geographically?)
6) Are anticodons read in 3'->5' or 5'->3' end by convention?
7) Do prokaryotes have non - coding regions? i have notes saying NO, but if you think about it, the region between the promoter and the genes in an operon must be "non coding".... ?
8)is DNA hybridisation usually done with cDNA & cDNA
9) Can transgenic refer to organisms who have mutated (or alternate) forms of genes from their own species?
10) In plants are fruit the in effect container of new plants? So a fertilised flower develops into a fruit with "MATERNAL" genotype containing seeds which can each develop into new plants (and are diploid)
11) Does different alleles have to have different results on phenotypes ? (in homozygous state)
12) Do sexually reproducing organisms in a STABLE or VARIABLE environment have greater variation?
I said stable as it would allow maintanence of a wider variety of phenotypes, but the book says Variable.. though if it was variable wouldn't that mean only the middle phenotype is acceptable (at every given point in time, as extremes are effectively completely eliminated).


Thanks a lot!

Kaille

  • Victorian
  • Forum Obsessive
  • ***
  • Posts: 264
  • oohhh football friend?
  • Respect: +6
  • School Grad Year: 2012
Re: Biology Unit 4 Questions Megathread
« Reply #208 on: September 27, 2011, 08:16:05 pm »
0
thanks :)
B.Biomed, Melbourne 2013-

lexitu

  • Victorian
  • ATAR Notes Superstar
  • ******
  • Posts: 2147
  • When I grow up I'm going to Bovine University.
  • Respect: +66
Re: Biology Unit 4 Questions Megathread
« Reply #209 on: September 27, 2011, 09:29:06 pm »
0
@ Bazza


2) I would say typically no - a lot of them have very severe problems - I would say that is enough to know though - they'll give you the specific information if you get a question on a certain aneuploidy  - guess trisomy 21 allows for a decent chance of the gamete having the normal chromosome number, I think, at a basic level.

9) No - has to be from another species

11) Can you rephrase this please

12) Variable means there are more demands to be fulfilled by various phenotypes - and I think you are being too black and white.